German words from Proto-Germanic
445 German words with Proto-Germanic in their history, whether borrowed directly or passed on through other languages (page 7).
tragen
It is inherited from Middle High German tragen, inherited from Old High German tragan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *dragan (“to haul, carry”), inherited from Proto-Germanic *draganą (“to…
treffen
It is inherited from Middle High German treffen, inherited from Old High German treffan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *drepan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *drepaną (“to strike”). The same…
treten
It is inherited from Middle High German treten, inherited from Old High German tretan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *tredan (“to tread”). The West Germanic strong verb is also continued in Old…
tun
It is inherited from Middle High German tuon, inherited from Old High German tuon, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *dōn, a verb found only in West Germanic: Old Saxon dōn, Old English dōn and Old…
Tür
It is inherited from Middle High German tür, inherited from Old High German turi, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *dur, inherited from Proto-Germanic *durīz (“door”). The Old High German word was…
über
It is inherited from Middle High German über, inherited from Old High German ubiri (“beyond, more”), inherited from Proto-Germanic *ubiri (“over, above”). In Old High German the preposition was…
um
It is inherited from Middle High German umbe, inherited from Old High German umbi, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *umbi, inherited from Proto-Germanic *umbi (“around, about”). The same word is…
und
It is inherited from Middle High German unde, inherited from Old High German unti, inherited from Proto-Germanic *anþi, with the zero-grade variant *unþi. The vowel varies in Old High German…
uns
It is inherited from Middle High German uns, inherited from Old High German uns, inherited from Proto-Germanic *uns. The same word is Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃 (uns), beside 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌹𐍃 (unsis, “us”), Old Norse oss, Old…
unser
It is inherited from Middle High German unser, inherited from Old High German unsēr, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *unsar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *unseraz (“our”). The same possessive is…
unter
It is inherited from Middle High German under, inherited from Old High German untar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *under (“under, among”). The same word is Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍂 (undar), Old Norse undir…
Urteil
It is inherited from Middle High German urteil, inherited from Old High German urteili, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *uʀdailī (“what is handed out”), inherited from Proto-Germanic *uzdailiją…
Vater
It is inherited from Middle High German vater, inherited from Old High German fater, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fader, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fadēr (“father”). The same word is…
verbinden
It is inherited from Middle High German verbinden, inherited from Old High German firbintan (“to bind up, bandage”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *frabindan, made of the prefix ver- and…
vergeben
It is inherited from Middle High German vergëben, inherited from Old High German firgeban, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fragebaną (“to give away, grant; to forgive”), a prefixed form of geben with…
vergessen
It is inherited from Middle High German vergezzen, inherited from Old High German firgezzan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fragetan. It is a West Germanic formation with the prefix ver-, found…
verlassen
It is inherited from Middle High German verlāzen, inherited from Old High German firlāzan (“to let go, leave, abandon”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fralātan, inherited from Proto-Germanic…
verlieren
It is inherited from Middle High German verliesen, inherited from Old High German firliosan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fraleusan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fraleusaną (“to lose”)…
Verlust
It is inherited from Middle High German verlust, inherited from Old High German firlust, also farlust, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fralustiz (“loss, ruin”). The same word is Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍃…
versprechen
It is inherited from Middle High German versprechen, inherited from Old High German firsprehhan (“to deny, reject; to defend”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *frasprekan, formed with the prefix…
verstehen
It is inherited from Middle High German verstān, inherited from Old High German firstān, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *frastān, a West Germanic prefixed form of stehen with ver-. As with the…
vertreten
It is inherited from Middle High German vertreten, inherited from Old High German firtretan (“to trample down”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fratredan (“to tread upon”), formed with the…
verweisen
1. The verb meaning “to rebuke” is inherited from Middle High German verwīzen, inherited from Old High German firwīzan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *frawītan, inherited from Proto-Germanic…
viel
It is inherited from Middle High German vil, inherited from Old High German filu, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *felu, inherited from Proto-Germanic *felu. The same word is Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿 (filu)…
vier
It is inherited from Middle High German vier, inherited from Old High German fior, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *feuwar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr (“four”). The same numeral is Old…
vierte
It is inherited from Middle High German vierde, inherited from Old High German fiordo, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *feurþō, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fedurþô (“fourth”), the ordinal of…
Volk
It is inherited from Middle High German volc, inherited from Old High German folc, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *folk, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fulką (“troop, army; people”). The same…
voll
It is inherited from Middle High German vol, inherited from Old High German fol, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *full, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fullaz (“full”). The same adjective is…
vor
It is inherited from Middle High German vor (also vore), inherited from Old High German fora, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *forē, inherited from Proto-Germanic *fur- (“before”), a form that…
vorsehen
It is inherited from Middle High German vorsëhen, inherited from Old High German forasëhan (“to foresee”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *forēsehwan, formed from vor- and sehen. The same…
wachsen
1. The verb meaning “to grow” is inherited from Middle High German wahsen, inherited from Old High German wahsan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *wahsan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wahsijaną…
Wagen
It is inherited from Middle High German wagen, inherited from Old High German wagan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *wagn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wagnaz (“wagon”). The same word is Old…
Wahl
It is inherited from Middle High German wale, inherited from Old High German wala (“choice”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *walu, inherited from Proto-Germanic *walą (“choice”). It corresponds…
wählen
It is inherited from Middle High German weln, inherited from Old High German wellen, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *walljan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *waljaną (“to choose”). The same verb…
wahr
It is inherited from Middle High German wār, inherited from Old High German wār, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *wār, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wēraz. Beside it stood a j-stem wāri, wære…
Wald
It is inherited from Middle High German walt, inherited from Old High German wald, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *walþu, inherited from Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest, wild land”). The same…
warnen
It is inherited from Middle High German warnen, inherited from Old High German warnōn, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *warnōn (“to take heed, warn”). The same verb is Old English wearnian…
warten
It is inherited from Middle High German warten, inherited from Old High German wartēn, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *wardēn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wardāną (“to guard, watch over”)…
was
It is the neuter of wer: inherited from Middle High German waz, inherited from Old High German waz (also hwaz), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hwat, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hwat…
Wasser
It is inherited from Middle High German wazzer, inherited from Old High German wazzar, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *watar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *watōr (“water”). West Germanic has…
wechseln
It is inherited from Middle High German wëhseln, inherited from Old High German wehsalōn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wihslōną (“to change, exchange”), formed from the noun Wechsel, Old High…
weder
It is inherited from Middle High German weder, inherited from Old High German wedar (“which of two”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hwaþar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hwaþeraz (“which of…
Weg
It is inherited from Middle High German wec, inherited from Old High German weg, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *weg, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wegaz (“way”). The same word is Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌲𐍃…
weisen
It is inherited from Middle High German wīsen, inherited from Old High German wīsen (“to lead, show”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *wīsijan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wīsijaną. The same…
weiß
It is inherited from Middle High German wīz, inherited from Old High German wīz, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hwīt, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz (“white”). The same adjective is Old…
weit
It is inherited from Middle High German wīt, inherited from Old High German wīt, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wīdaz (“wide”). The same word is Old Saxon wīd, Old Norse víðr, Old English wīd and…
welcher
It is inherited from Middle High German welich, inherited from Old High German welīh, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hwalīkaz (“of what form”), a compound of the pronominal stem of wer and…
Welt
It is inherited from Middle High German werlt, inherited from Old High German weralt, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *weraldi, inherited from Proto-Germanic *weraldiz. The same word is Old Saxon…
wenig
It is inherited from Middle High German weinic, wênec, inherited from Old High German wēnag (“pitiable, wretched”), inherited from Proto-Germanic *wainagaz (“woeful, miserable”). The same word is…
wenn
It is inherited from Middle High German wenne, inherited from Old High German hwenne, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hwan. It is a variant of wann, whose functions were differentiated only…
werden
It is inherited from Middle High German werden, inherited from Old High German werdan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *werþan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *werþaną (“to become”). The same…
werfen
It is inherited from Middle High German werfen, inherited from Old High German werfan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *werpan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *werpaną (“to throw”), a strong verb…
Werk
It is inherited from Middle High German werc, inherited from Old High German werc, inherited from Proto-Germanic *werką (“work”). The same word is Old Saxon werk, Old Norse verk, Old English weorc…
Wert
It is inherited from Middle High German wert, inherited from Old High German werd, inherited from Proto-Germanic *werþą (“worth, price”), the adjective wert used as a noun, a step taken in all the…
Wetter
It is inherited from Middle High German weter, inherited from Old High German wetar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wedrą (“weather”). The same word is Old Saxon wedar (“weather, storm”), Old Norse…
wie
It is inherited from Middle High German wie, inherited from Old High German hwio, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hwaiwa, probably the same word as Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (ƕaiwa, “how”). The modern form has…
wieder
It is inherited from Middle High German wider, inherited from Old High German widar, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *wiþr, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wiþra- (“against, back”), and is in…
Winter
It is inherited from Middle High German winter, also winder, inherited from Old High German wintar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wintruz (“winter”). Kluge reconstructs Proto-Germanic *went-r-…
wir
It is inherited from Middle High German wir, inherited from Old High German wir, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wīz (“we”). The same word is Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃…
wirken
It is inherited from Middle High German wirken, inherited from Old High German wirken, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *wirkijan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *wirkijaną (“to make, produce”)…