Romanian words first recorded in the 15th century

It is formed from Romanian în + apoi, “in” + “afterwards”. Apoi itself continues Latin ad (“to”) + post (“after, behind”). Wiktionary instead takes the whole word from a Latin phrase with in before…

It is inherited from Latin unquam (“ever, at any time”) according to DEX, MDA2 and Wiktionary. Ciorănescu calls this probable. Pușcariu proposed this etymon with some hesitation, and…

It is inherited from Latin incipiō (“to begin”). The Latin verb is formed from in- and capiō (“to seize, take”). The verb survives in Aromanian ntsep. Outside Romanian it was kept only in Romansh…

It is the past participle of the verb, used as a noun, from Romanian începe (“to begin”). The verb is inherited from Latin incipiō (“to begin”).

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *inclagāre (“to curdle”), formed with in- on Latin coāgulō (“to curdle”), according to DELR, which follows Tiktin, Candrea–Densusianu, the DA and DEX. MDA2 writes…

DEX, MDA2 and Wiktionary take it as inherited from Vulgar Latin *inclāvāre (“to fasten with a nail; to lock”), a verb formed in Latin on clāvus (“nail”) or clāvis (“key”). Pușcariu and the REW…

It is inherited from Latin inclūdō (“to shut in, enclose”), formed with in- on claudō (“to shut”). In Romanian it took over the senses of the simple verb, “to close, shut”. Candrea and Densusianu…

It is formed from Romanian în + acoace, the second part being an old adverb “hither” that survives only in compounds with prepositions. That adverb is from Latin eccum (“behold”) + hoc (“hither”) in…

It is formed from Romanian în- + drept (“straight”), with the prefix that makes verbs from nouns and adjectives, as in îndruma from drum and însemna from semn. The adjective, older derept, is from…

It is probably inherited from Vulgar Latin *indulcīre (“to make sweet”), formed on Latin dulcis (“sweet”); the Latin glosses have a verb indulcēre, and the inchoative present forms point to…

It is formed from Romanian în- + dupleca, the old verb dupleca meaning “to bend, fold”. Ciorănescu treats it as a variant of that verb, which is from Latin duplicō (“to double; to bend, fold over”)…

It is formed from Romanian în- + neca (“to kill”), the old verb neca continuing Latin necō (“to kill”). Ciorănescu and the REW derive the verb directly from the Latin verb, with the form without the…

It is formed from Romanian în- + fierbinte. The adjective fierbinte “hot” is from Latin ferventem. Byhan and Iordan took the verb from a Latin *inferventāre, a hypothesis Ciorănescu calls gratuitous.

DEX gives it as inherited from Vulgar Latin *inflōriō (“to blossom”), which MDA2 marks as a reconstructed form. Candrea and Densusianu take it from the same Latin verb and compare Italian infiorire…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *ingannō (“to mock, to imitate the voice”), a Latin verb that is not attested in classical texts. Only related forms such as Latin gannator (“mocker”) and…

It is inherited from Late Latin angelus (“angel”), the Church Latin word, which is from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos, “messenger”). The DA counts it among the oldest layer of Christian words in…

It is inherited from Late Latin ingluttiō (“to swallow down”). The Latin verb is formed from in- and gluttiō (“to gulp down”). Candrea and Densusianu cite it from Isidore and the Latin glossaries…

It is formed from Romanian în- + groapă (“pit, grave”), literally “to put into the pit”; DEX, MDA2, DA, Tiktin and Wiktionary agree. DA compares dezgropa “to dig up”, made on the same noun, and…

It is inherited from Latin innōdō (“to fasten with a knot”), a verb formed in Latin on nōdō and recorded in late authors such as Ammianus. The REW lists the Romanian verb under the Latin one…

It is inherited from Latin intellēctus (“understood”), the past participle of intellegō (“to understand”). The DA notes that Latin did not use the participle as an adjective, and that here it took…

It is the past participle from Romanian înțelege (“to understand”), used as an adjective and as a neuter noun. The verb is inherited from Latin intellegō (“to understand”). The participle is a…

It is inherited from Latin intendō (“to stretch out, extend”). The DA takes it from both tendō (“to stretch”) and the compound, which is formed from Latin in- + tendō. Wiktionary also allows that it…

It is inherited from Latin intorqueō (“to twist, turn round”), through a Vulgar Latin form *intorcō with the stem of *torcō, from torqueō (“to twist, turn”). Ciorănescu allows that it may also be…

It is inherited from Latin interrogō (“to ask, question”), itself formed from inter- and rogō (“to ask”). The same change of /g/ to /b/ is seen in limbă from lingua. Because only /gw/ was thought…

It is inherited from Latin intrō (“inside, within”), a Latin adverb that became a preposition in the Romance languages. Candrea and Densusianu point to its prepositional use in the Latin veterinary…

In Candrea and Densusianu's view it is inherited from Vulgar Latin *intenebricō (“to darken”), on tenebricus (“dark, gloomy”). The expected outcome would have been ⟨*întinereca⟩: they explain the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *invitiō (“to accustom”), a Vulgar Latin verb made on Latin vitium (“vice”). The other Romance languages have the same formation and *advitiō: Italian avvezzare and…

It is inherited from Latin investiō (“to clothe, cover”), itself from in- and vestiō (“to clothe”). Ciorănescu writes the etymon ⟨(in)vestīre⟩, allowing for the simple verb as well. The Latin verb…

It is formed from Romanian în- + vie (“to live”), the old verb that continued Latin vīvō (“to live”). The regular form, the old infinitive învie, is found in 16th- and 17th-century texts. Tiktin…

It is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic любити (ljubiti, “to love”), the Old Church Slavonic verb, which goes back to Proto-Slavic *ľubiti and ultimately to Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to desire…

It is inherited from Latin ubi (“where”), whose beginning was confused with ibi (“there”). Tiktin starts from a spoken Latin *ubĭ with a short final vowel, as the Italian form shows, and finds the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *ienīperus (“juniper”), the popular form of Latin iūniperus. DELI finds the popular form written giniperus about 800 AD. Wiktionary takes the word from the variant…

It is inherited from Latin iūdicāta, the plural of iūdicātum (“a thing judged, a judgement”) taken as a feminine singular. The Latin noun comes from the verb iūdicō (“to judge”). Wiktionary and…

It is inherited from Latin iugum (“yoke”). The Latin word goes back through Proto-Italic *jugom to Proto-Indo-European *yugóm, formed on the root *yewg- (“to yoke, join”). Its cognates include…

It is inherited from Latin iuvencus (“young bull”). The Latin word is a derivative of the stem of iuvenis (“young”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuh₁n̥ḱós (“young animal”); De Vaan explains its…

It is inherited from Latin iuvenca (“heifer”), the feminine of iuvencus (“young bull”). Ciorănescu lists it among the derivatives of junc, adding that it may continue the Latin word, as Pușcariu and…

It is inherited from Latin iugulō (“to kill by cutting the throat”), with an /n/ inserted before the /g/. The Latin verb is formed on iugulum (“throat”). Diez, the Lexicon de la Buda and Pascu also…

It is usually taken as inherited from Latin gȳrus (“circle, ring”), which Latin borrowed from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle”). Pușcariu, Candrea–Densusianu and the REW give the same etymon…

It is inherited from Latin lacrima (“tear”), through the older Romanian form lacrămă. Old Latin also had the spellings ⟨lacruma⟩ and ⟨dacrima⟩. The OLD takes the Latin word as probably borrowed from…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *lacusta (“locust”), a form of locusta. Tiktin thinks the vowel was probably changed under the influence of lacus (“lake”), because locusts were believed to come…

It is inherited from Latin longō (“along”), an oblique case of longus (“long”) in which unstressed /un/ became /ɨn/, according to Candrea and Densusianu, the REW, Pascu and Ciorănescu. Pușcariu…

It is formed from Romanian larg (“wide”) + -i. larg continues Latin largus (“spacious, wide”). Pușcariu (article 943) and Candrea–Densusianu (951) derive the verb instead from Vulgar Latin *largiō…

It is inherited from Latin laxō (“to loosen, slacken”). The Latin verb, formed from laxus (“loose”), meant to widen and to slacken. In Vulgar Latin it replaced Classical relinquō (“to leave”). The…

It is inherited from Latin lātrō (“to bark”). The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian alatru, Megleno-Romanian latru and Istro-Romanian lǫtru. Its Romance cognates include Italian latrare…

Its origin is disputed. According to DEX, NODEX and MDA2 it is inherited from Vulgar Latin *latora (“sides”), a variant of Latin latera, the plural of latus (“side, flank”). Pușcariu…

It is inherited from Latin laudō (“to praise”). The Latin verb is formed on laus (“praise”). Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu, and the REW give the same source. The verb survives south of the…

1. The verb for tying and binding is inherited from Latin ligō (“to tie, bind”). Wiktionary traces the Latin verb to Proto-Indo-European *leyǵ- (“to bind”). It survives in all four branches…

It is inherited from Late Latin ligātūra (“a band, binding”). Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu and the Academy dictionary also take it straight from Latin, while Ciorănescu lists it among the…

It is inherited from Latin lēx (“law”), from the accusative lēgem, a word kept by the Romance languages. The Aromanian cognate is leage. The Romance cognates include Italian legge, French loi…

It is inherited from Latin lignum (“wood, firewood”). The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian lemnu, Megleno-Romanian lemu and Istro-Romanian lęmnę. The Romance cognates include Italian…

It is probably inherited from Latin lapidō (“to throw stones at, to stone”), a verb formed on lapis (“stone”). Tiktin calls the change of meaning remarkable. Ciorănescu grants that the sense is the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *linguūtus (“full of tongue, talkative”), formed on lingua (“tongue”), with its sounds shaped by limbă “tongue”. Its Romance cognates include Sardinian limbudu…

It is inherited from Latin lingō (“to lick”). It survives in all four branches: Aromanian alingu, Megleno-Romanian ling and Istro-Romanian ling. In the rest of Romance the verb is found in dialects…

It is inherited from Latin languor (“faintness, weariness”), continued through its accusative languōrem. The Latin noun is formed on langueō (“to be faint, weary”) with the suffix -or. Ciorănescu…

It is inherited from Latin locus (“place, spot”), a word inherited by every Romance language. It keeps the same form in all four branches of Romanian: Aromanian loc, Megleno-Romanian loc and…

It is borrowed from Hungarian lakik (“to dwell, to inhabit”), a Hungarian loan. The regular Romanian form was lăcui, now obsolete; it was later drawn towards loc “place”, which gave the present…

It is inherited from Latin levō (“to lift, raise”). Tiktin notes that the Latin verb “to raise” came to mean “to take” in the south and southwest of the Romance area. Candrea and Densusianu explain…

It is most probably inherited from Late Latin lucrō (“to gain, profit”), from lucror (“to gain”), a verb formed on lucrum (“gain, profit”). Ciorănescu finds the shift from “to gain” to “to work”…

It is the long infinitive of lucra (“to work”), formed from Romanian lucra + -re, and so a verbal noun “the act of working and its result”. The verb is from Latin lucrāre (“to gain, profit”)…

It is inherited from Latin lucrum (“material gain, profit”) according to Pușcariu and the REW, a view Ciorănescu accepts as probable. The word exists in all four branches: Aromanian lucru…