Romanian words first recorded in the 14th century

It is inherited from Latin gula (“throat, gullet”). It survives in all four branches: Aromanian gurã, Megleno-Romanian gură and Istro-Romanian gurę. Its Romance cognates include Italian gola, French…

Its origin is uncertain. It is a word shared by the Balkan languages, with Albanian kopil (“bastard; servant”), Byzantine Greek κόπελος (kópelos, “youth, servant, bastard”), Bulgarian копеле…

1. The word for the Turkey oak is inherited from Latin cerrus (“Turkey oak”). It survives south of the Danube and in Istria as Aromanian țer and Istro-Romanian cer. The Latin word also gave Italian…

It is inherited from Late Latin capreola, the feminine of Latin capreolus (“roe deer”). DEX, MDA2 and NODEX give the Latin form as capriola. Ciorănescu instead takes it as a Romanian derivative of…

It is inherited from Latin cuneus (“wedge”), a word continued throughout Romance. The REW, Pușcariu, and Candrea and Densusianu give the same source. The origin of the Latin word is unclear: a link…

It is inherited from Latin ovis (“sheep”), from its accusative ⟨ovem⟩. The Latin word continues *h₂ówis (“sheep”), or *h₃éwis, and is cognate with Ancient Greek ὄϊς (óïs) and English ewe. It…

Its origin is disputed. The Academy dictionaries, DEX and Wiktionary take it from the old form fsat, inherited from Late Latin fossātum (“entrenchment, place enclosed by a ditch”), from fossa…

Its origin is disputed. The view most often given is that it is inherited from Latin mīles (“soldier”), held by P. Papahagi, Tiktin, Meyer-Lübke and Rosetti and given by MDA2 and Wiktionary. Tiktin…

It is inherited from Latin sānctus (“holy”), the perfect passive participle of sanciō (“to consecrate”). It survives in Aromanian as sãmtu. The Romance cognates include Italian santo, French saint…

1. The word for the thorn is inherited from Latin spīnus (“blackthorn”). The Latin noun comes from spīna (“thorn”), from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“sharp point”). It survives in Aromanian schin…

It is inherited from Latin frāter (“brother”), continuing either the nominative or the accusative frātrem, which lost its second /r/. The Latin noun comes from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. The…

Its origin is disputed. DELR counts it among the substrate words of Romanian, following Hasdeu, Giuglea, Pușcariu, Rosetti, Russu and Poghirc among others, but notes that no certain cognate has been…

It is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic драгъ (dragŭ, “precious, dear”), from Proto-Slavic *dorgъ (“dear”). Ciorănescu compares Bulgarian драг (drag), Serbo-Croatian drag and Hungarian drága. The…

It is inherited from Latin margō (“edge, border”), continued from the accusative marginem. The word survives south of the Danube: Aromanian mardzine and Megleno-Romanian mardzini. Its Romance…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *rius (“river”), the spoken form of Latin rīvus (“brook, small stream”). MDA2, DLR and DEX give the etymon as the classical form. Ciorănescu cites Pușcariu's EWRS…

It is inherited from Latin crucem (“cross”), a word inherited by all the Romance languages. The word survives south of the Danube: Aromanian crutse and Megleno-Romanian cruță. Its Romance cognates…

It is inherited from Latin cīvitās (“citizenship; city”), through its accusative. The Latin noun is formed on cīvis (“citizen”). The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian țitate…

It is inherited from Latin carrāria (“cart road”), short for via carrāria, from carrus (“cart, wagon”). The Latin word for “cart” is of Celtic origin. The word survives in Aromanian as cărare, also…

It is inherited from Latin nitidus (“shining, bright, polished”). Its Romance cognates include Italian netto, Sardinian nidu, French net, Catalan net and Portuguese nedeo. The Latin adjective is…

It is inherited from Late Latin vetrānus (“old”), the syncopated form of Latin veterānus (“old, mature; veteran”), which is formed on vetus (“old”) with -ānus. The syncopated form is attested in…

It is borrowed from Byzantine Greek μακάρι (makári, “may God grant it”), as the DLR and MDA2 give it. Ciorănescu, the DEX and Wiktionary name the same word as Modern Greek μακάρι (makári). It comes…

It is inherited from Latin nucētum (“nut grove”), as MDA2, DEX, Tiktin and Scriban give it. Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu and the REW also take it from Latin, and the REW lists Italian noceto and…