Etymology and origin of the Romanian word înfierbânta
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Derivation
- First attested
- c. 1500–1520 Psaltirea Hurmuzaki More words from the 15th century
- Ultimate origin
- Latin fervēns
Etymology tree
Forms
Verb: third-person singular present înfierbântă, past participle înfierbântat; 1st conjugation.[1]
Etymology
It is formed from Romanian în- + fierbinte.[2][3][4][5][1] The adjective fierbinte “hot” is from Latin ferventem.[5] Byhan and Iordan took the verb from a Latin *inferventāre, a hypothesis Ciorănescu calls gratuitous.[5]
Earliest recorded meaning
The first record is the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki of the early 16th century, with înfierbântă (Psalms 25:2 and 65:9).[6] Tiktin and MDA2 cite the Psaltirea Scheiană of c. 1573–1578.[4][3] Candrea's glossary of that psalter lists several forms, among them the imperative înfierbântă and the participle înfierbântatu.[7]
Semantic evolution
The literal sense was “to make hot”, said first of liquids and then of any object; the DA notes that it means more than a încălzi “to warm” and less than a încinge “to make red-hot”.[8] The psalter sense “my heart grew hot within me” already shows the figurative use for feelings; later senses are “to flare up in anger”, “to lose one's temper”, “to get carried away by an activity” and, ironically, “to get tipsy”.[4][3][2] The Banat has a second person înfierbinți.[4]
Timeline
- c. 1500-1520 – înfierbântă in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki, the first record.[6]
- c. 1573-1578 – several forms in the Psaltirea Scheiană.[3][7]
- 1688 – înfierbântat and other forms in the Bucharest Bible.[9]
Meanings
Verb
- (transitive and reflexive) To make or become hot.[2][3][1]
- (figurative) To flare up in anger; to make someone angry.[2][3]
- (reflexive, figurative) To get carried away by an activity, to grow enthusiastic: S-au înfierbântat în discuție.[2][1]
- (transitive, figurative) To fill someone with zeal or passion.[2]
- (reflexive, ironic) To get tipsy.[3]
Word family
- înfierbântare
- înfierbântat
- înfierbântător
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 546
- ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1226
- ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. înfierbântá
- ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. fierbinte
- ^ a b Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Ungureanu, Mădălina; Moruz, Alexandru et al., roPsalt: Re-evaluating the Sixteenth Century Romanian Psalters (aligned corpus), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. Ps 25:2
- ^ a b Candrea, I.-A. (1916), Psaltirea Scheiană comparată cu celelalte psaltiri din sec. XVI și XVII traduse din slavonește, vol. II: Glosarele, București: Socec, p. 313
- ^ Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. înfierbânta
- ^ Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Deuteronomy 19:6
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Înfierbânta.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/%C3%AEnfierb%C3%A2nta. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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