Romanian words first recorded in the 15th century

It is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic неволꙗ (nevolja, “necessity, constraint”), one of the Slavonic loans of the old language. Wiktionary says only that it came from South Slavic, and the…

It is inherited from Latin vitellus (“little calf”), a diminutive of vitulus (“calf”). Tiktin thinks the /i/ was kept under the influence of vită. The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum ille, a compound of Latin eccum (“see him, here he is”) and ille (“that”). DELR finds this first element more likely than ecce (“behold”), which Diez…

It is formed from Romanian acel + -a, the demonstrative with an enclitic ⟨-a⟩. That demonstrative itself goes back to Latin ecce (“behold”) and ille (“that”), which became *ecce illum or *eccum…

It is formed from Romanian acela + și, the particle making the demonstrative more emphatic. Tiktin and Wiktionary trace the particle to Latin sīc (“thus, so”). acel goes back to Latin eccum…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum istum, from eccum (“behold him”) and iste (“this, that”). DEX and MDA2 start from ecce (“behold”) with the same pronoun instead. DELR finds the first…

It is formed from Romanian acest + -a, the form of the demonstrative used as a pronoun and after a noun. DELR traces the final ⟨-a⟩ to Latin hāc (“(over) here”) (Drăganu, Rosetti), or to the model…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum hīc, from eccum (“here he is”) and hīc (“here”). Several authors, DELR reports, start from ecce in the first part instead, the source of French and Occitan…

Ciorănescu and Wiktionary take it as inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum illāc (“there, that way”), a phrase of Latin eccum (“here he is, behold”) and illāc (“that way”). DELR gives this as one of…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum illōc (“(over) there”), a phrase of Latin eccum and illōc (“(to) there”). DELR explains ⟨illōc⟩, used with verbs of motion, as illō, from the stem of the…

It is inherited from Latin cooperiō (“to cover completely”), formed con- and operiō (“to cover”), a verb that survives throughout Romance. Ciorănescu files the word under the shorter coperi, and…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum modo, a compound of the deictic particle eccum (“here he is”) and modo (“just, only; now”). The Latin adverb is the shortened ablative of modus (“measure…

It is inherited from Latin adaquō (“to supply with water, to give to drink”), formed in Latin on aqua (“water”). The Latin verb meant “to water” plants and animals and, in the passive, “to be…

It is inherited from Latin adaugeō (“to increase, augment”), formed from ad- and augeō (“to increase”). Romanian continues a form with the stress of the third conjugation, which DEX and the REW give…

It is inherited from Latin vērum (“what is true”), inside a Latin adverbial phrase meaning “truly” whose exact shape is disputed. Pușcariu, the REW and Scriban start from ad added to ad vērum. DELR…

Its origin is not settled: DEX and the DA call it of unknown origin, and DELR calls it uncertain. Ciorănescu takes it as inherited from Latin adaequē (“equally, in like manner”), an adverb found in…

It is inherited from Latin addūcō (“to lead to, bring”), formed from ad- and dūcō (“to lead”). It is thus a compound of the same verb as duce. The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian aduc…

It is inherited from Late Latin adūnō (“to unite, make one”), formed from ad- and ūnus (“one”). The verb survives in all four branches: Aromanian adun, Megleno-Romanian dun and Istro-Romanian adurå…

It is inherited from Latin ad forās (“to the outside”), a phrase of ad (“to”) and forās (“out of doors”). Candrea and Densusianu wrote the Latin group as *afforās. The older Romanian form was…

It is inherited from Latin afflō (“to blow or breathe upon”), formed from ad- (“to, towards”) and flō (“to blow”). The sense “to find” arose already in Vulgar Latin and survives in several Romance…

Most dictionaries take it as a back-formation from Romanian ajuna (“to fast”). The verb continues Latin iēiūnō (“to fast”) or its variant iaiūnō, from iēiūnus (“fasting, not having eaten”); the…

It is inherited from Latin adiungō (“to join to, add”), formed from ad- and iungō (“to join”), from Proto-Indo-European *yewg-. MDA2 also names Italian aggiungere and French adjoindre beside the…

It is inherited from Latin adiūtō (“to help, assist”). The Latin verb is a frequentative of adiuvō (“to help”), itself formed from ad- and iuvō (“to help, to please”). Candrea–Densusianu explain the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *alvīna (“beehive”), formed on alvus (“belly, hollow; beehive”). Tiktin derives it from alveus (“beehive”) with the suffix -ină. It survives in all four branches…

It is inherited from Latin allegō (“to choose, to recruit”), formed with ad- on legō (“to gather, to choose, to read”). Ciorănescu notes that it survives only in Romanian and in Italian, as Italian…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *altru, the Vulgar Latin form of alter (“the other of two”). The Latin word is formed with a comparative suffix on the root of alius (“other”), and in all the…

It is inherited from Latin altārium, or of its by-form altāre, a pan-Romance word. Classical Latin used the plural altāria for the top of the altar where the offerings were burnt; DELR relates it…

It is inherited from Latin lūbricō (“to make slippery; to be slippery”), from lūbricus (“slippery”). The older form lureca has the expected /r/, as Megleno-Romanian lurec does; DELR explains the /n/…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *ammixticō (“to mix”), a Vulgar Latin verb formed on mixtus (“mixed”), the past participle of misceō (“to mix”). Tiktin thinks of a simpler *mixticō. Aromanian has…

It is formed from Romanian a + minte, a preposition with the noun for “mind”. Ciorănescu lists it among the derivatives of the noun, which is from Latin mēns (“mind”), through its accusative…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *ammūtīre, formed on Latin mūtus (“mute”) with the prefix ad-; Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu and the DA give this etymon, and DEX, MDA2 and Tiktin agree…

It is inherited from Latin annus (“year”), a word inherited by every Romance language. The Latin word comes from Proto-Italic *atnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂et-no-, probably from *h₂et- (“to…

It is inherited from Latin apparō (“to prepare, make ready”), formed on parō (“to prepare”). It survives south of the Danube as Aromanian apăr and Istro-Romanian opăr; DELR gives the Istro-Romanian…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *appēnsō (“to weigh down”), a verb formed on Latin pēnsō (“to weigh”), the frequentative of pendō (“to hang; to weigh”). Since Classical Latin had the frequentative…

DELR gives it as inherited from Vulgar Latin *aquātōsus, a blend of aquōsus (“watery”) and aquātus (“watered, watery”), following the DA and Tiktin. Pușcariu reconstructed the same form, comparing…

It is inherited from Latin applicō (“to attach, apply; to bring a ship to land”). The Latin verb is formed from ad- and plicō (“to fold”). DELR holds that on its way into Romanian it took over the…

It is inherited from Latin ad post (“after”), a phrase of ad (“to”) and post (“after, behind”). Ciorănescu compares the final /i/ with that of noi. The word survives in Aromanian as apoi and apoia…

It is inherited from Latin appre(he)ndere (“to seize, grasp”), formed on ad- and prehendō (“to take, seize”). DER cites Șăineanu, Pușcariu, Candrea–Densusianu, the REW and the DA. The other Romance…

It is inherited from Latin ad prope (“near to”), a phrase of ad (“to, at”) and prope (“near”). Wiktionary gives it as Vulgar Latin. The DA notes that it took the place of the simple adverb. The word…

It is inherited from Late Latin appropiō (“to come near”), a verb formed on Latin prope (“near”), which came to be used in the sense of classical appropinquō. It survives in Aromanian aprochiu and…

It is inherited from Latin appōnō (“to place beside, put on”), formed from ad- and pōnō (“to put”). The sense “to set” is explained through an intermediate “to put down, to lie down”, which survives…

Its origin is uncertain. DELR, MDA2, DEX and Wiktionary take it as probably inherited from Vulgar Latin *arrēctō (“to make straight”), from Latin rēctus (“straight”). The meaning would have gone…

It is inherited from Latin arcus (“bow, arch”), a word continued across the Romance languages. The Latin word goes back to Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo- (“bow, arrow”). De Vaan compares Germanic…

It is inherited from Latin ardēre (“to burn”), through a Vulgar Latin *ardĕre that moved the verb into the third conjugation. DELR considers the shift probably Latin, since Italian, Sardinian…

It is inherited from Latin argentum (“silver”). DELR places the Latin word with arguō, argūmentum and argūtus, on a root meaning bright or shining. De Vaan traces it through Proto-Italic *argentom…

It is inherited from Latin arēna (“sand”). It survives south of the Danube: Aromanian arinã and Megleno-Romanian arină. Its Romance cognates include Italian rena, Sicilian rina, Old French areine…

In most dictionaries it is inherited from Latin alapa (“a slap”), with a sense “something that flaps, a blade” that the Romance forms presuppose: French aube and Occitan aubo “paddle of a water…

It is inherited from Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“arms, weapons”). The Latin neuter plural became a feminine singular in Late Latin, and the Romance languages continue that noun…

Its origin is uncertain. DELR thinks it probably inherited from Vulgar Latin *arruncāre, a form of ēruncō (“to weed out”) with the prefix changed, as in the Tuscan arroncare and the Abruzzese…

It is inherited from Latin eccum (“look, here is”) combined with sīc (“so, thus”), which gave ⟨acși⟩ and then ⟨ași⟩; the final /a/ was then added, as in abia. This is the view of Hasdeu, Tiktin, the…

It is inherited from Latin ascultō (“to listen”), the popular form of Classical auscultō. DELR explains the Classical verb as built on ⟨aus-⟩, the stem of auris (“ear”). The DELI puts the loss of…

It is inherited from Latin abscondō (“to hide”), a verb that survives across the Romance languages. DELR analyses the Latin verb as abs- and condō (“to put together, to store in a safe place”)…

DELR calls its origin uncertain. The usual view is that it is inherited from Vulgar Latin *excōtīre (“to sharpen on a whetstone”), from cōs (“whetstone”), accusative cōtem; Hasdeu, Pușcariu, Tiktin…

It is inherited from Latin assimilō (“to make like, to compare”). The Latin verb, also spelled assimulō, is formed on similō (“to resemble”), from similis (“like”), which goes back to…

It is inherited from Latin assimilis (“very like, similar”), formed from ad- and similis (“like”). DEX gives the Latin neuter form, in ⟨-e⟩. Ciorănescu explains the /n/ as a reversal of rhotacism…

Romanian dictionaries explain it in two ways. In DEX and DLRM it is inherited from Latin istā diē (“on this day”), with a Romanian compound as the alternative. NODEX and Wiktionary also give the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *astectō (“to wait”), an assimilated form of Latin adspectō, a variant of aspectō (“to look at attentively”). The Latin verb is the frequentative of aspiciō, formed…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *asstuppō (“to stop up with tow”), formed on Latin stuppa (“tow”); MDA2 writes *a(d)stuppō. Pușcariu also accepts *exstuppō and *stuppō as etyma, and Hasdeu notes…

It is inherited from Latin attingō (“to touch, reach”), formed from ad- and tangō (“to touch”). Italian attingere continues the same verb, while French atteindre and Catalan atanyer go back to…

It is from Vulgar Latin ad (“to”) + *tunce (“then”), a Latin phrase whose second part is tunc (“then”) with a final ⟨-e⟩. DELR gives two explanations for the final ⟨-e⟩: the deictic particle -ce…