Romanian words first recorded in the 15th century

It is inherited from Latin assimilō (“to make like, to compare”). The Latin verb, also spelled assimulō, is formed on similō (“to resemble”), from similis (“like”), which goes back to…

It is inherited from Latin assimilis (“very like, similar”), formed from ad- and similis (“like”). DEX gives the Latin neuter form, in ⟨-e⟩. Ciorănescu explains the /n/ as a reversal of rhotacism…

Romanian dictionaries explain it in two ways. In DEX and DLRM it is inherited from Latin istā diē (“on this day”), with a Romanian compound as the alternative. NODEX and Wiktionary also give the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *astectō (“to wait”), an assimilated form of Latin adspectō, a variant of aspectō (“to look at attentively”). The Latin verb is the frequentative of aspiciō, formed…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *asstuppō (“to stop up with tow”), formed on Latin stuppa (“tow”); MDA2 writes *a(d)stuppō. Pușcariu also accepts *exstuppō and *stuppō as etyma, and Hasdeu notes…

It is inherited from Latin attingō (“to touch, reach”), formed from ad- and tangō (“to touch”). Italian attingere continues the same verb, while French atteindre and Catalan atanyer go back to…

It is from Vulgar Latin ad (“to”) + *tunce (“then”), a Latin phrase whose second part is tunc (“then”) with a final ⟨-e⟩. DELR gives two explanations for the final ⟨-e⟩: the deictic particle -ce…

It is inherited from Latin aurum (“gold”), the Latin word for the metal. The Latin word goes back to Proto-Italic *auzom and to Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-o- (“glow”), a derivative of *h₂ews-…

Most dictionaries take it as a native verb formed from Romanian aur (“gold”) + -i, from the noun for gold. Pușcariu and the DA saw in it instead a direct continuation of Latin aurēscō (“to become…

It is inherited from Latin auster (“south wind”), also found as a neuter austrum, a word inherited by several Romance languages. The Latin word goes back to Proto-Italic *austeros and…

It is inherited from Latin audiō (“to hear”). De Vaan explains the Latin verb as a compound of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewis (“clearly, manifestly”) and the root *dʰeh₁-, “to make manifest”. The verb…

It is inherited from Latin habeō (“to have, hold”), a verb found in all the Romance languages. Wiktionary traces the Latin verb to a Proto-Italic form and, more doubtfully, to Proto-Indo-European…

Its origin is unknown: DEX calls it of unknown etymology, and DELR uncertain. The word is old, since it is found south of the Danube too: Aromanian bag and Megleno-Romanian bag, both meaning “to put…

It is borrowed from Hungarian bán (“to regret, to repent”). MDA2, DEX and the DA quote the Hungarian infinitive bánni, DER the first person bánom “I regret”. Tamás calls the Hungarian origin beyond…

It is inherited from Latin vessīca (“bladder”), a variant of vēsīca; DEX writes the Latin form *bessica. Pușcariu cites a 6th-century spelling with b- and -ss-. The word is pan-Romance: Italian…

It is inherited from Latin battuō (“to beat, strike”), in its later form battō. The verb is pan-Romance, and survives in all four branches: Aromanian bat, Megleno-Romanian bat and Istro-Romanian…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *bibitūra (“drink”), from bibitus, the participle of bibō (“to drink”). DELR gives two explanations for the Romanian ⟨u⟩: Pascu takes the Latin word as remade into…

It is inherited from Latin bibitus (“drunk”), the past participle of bibō (“to drink”). The same participle gave Spanish beodo and Portuguese bêbado. The Latin verb comes from Proto-Indo-European…

It is inherited from Latin basilica, used by the Christians for a church; in classical Latin a basilica was a large public building for courts, assemblies and trade. The Latin word is from Ancient…

It is inherited from Latin blandus (“flattering, charming, seductive”). De Vaan calls the origin of the Latin word uncertain. Only nouns for a skin rash survive south of the Danube: Aromanian blãndã…

Tiktin, the DA, CADE, Candrea–Densusianu and the REW take it as inherited from Latin blanditiēs (“blandishment, flattery”), and DELR gives this view first. Ciorănescu reports it, citing Pușcariu…

It is a back-formation from Romanian blestema (“to curse”), as the DA, DEX and DELR explain it. The verb continues Vulgar Latin *blastēmō, a form of Late Latin blasphēmō (“to revile, blaspheme”)…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *blastēmō (“to revile”), which DELR and MDA2 write *blastimō, an altered form of Late Latin blasphēmō (“to revile, blaspheme”). The Latin verb is from Ancient Greek…

It is inherited from Latin brachium (“arm”), a word of every Romance language. The Latin word is from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn), first the part of the arm between shoulder and elbow, probably…

It is inherited from Latin brachiāle (“armlet, bracelet”), a derivative of bracchium (“arm”). Its Romance cognates include Italian bracciale, Old French bracel, Spanish brazal and Portuguese braçal…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *brosca (“frog”), a spoken Latin word that Ciorănescu, DELR, the DEX, MDA2 and the DA reconstruct. DELR compares Medieval Latin bruscus, a kind of frog in Papias's…

It is inherited from Latin brūma (“winter solstice; winter”). The Latin word goes back to *breuima (“shortest”) (of the day), an old superlative of brevis (“short”). It survives south of the Danube…

It is inherited from Latin būcinum (“trumpet call; trumpet”), a by-form of būcina (“curved trumpet, horn”). Ciorănescu allows both that form and buccina, after Pușcariu, the REW and…

It is inherited from Latin būcinō (“to blow the trumpet”), from būcina (“curved trumpet, horn”). The oldest texts have only the form ⟨bucina⟩. Wiktionary suggests that the modern form was remade…

Its origin is disputed. The most widely held view, which DELR follows, takes it as a verb formed on an old adjective bucur (“beautiful, pleasant”), which survives only in place and personal names…

It is inherited from Latin bonitās (“goodness”), formed from bonus (“good”) with the suffix -tās. DELR calls it panromance. It survives south of the Danube: Aromanian bunătate and Megleno-Romanian…

1. The word for “as, like” is inherited from Latin quam (“how, as, than”). It survives in all four branches as Aromanian ca, Megleno-Romanian ca and Istro-Romanian ca, and in Old Italian, Sardinian…

It is inherited from Latin quod (“that, because”). The conjunction survives in all four branches of Romanian: Aromanian cã, Megleno-Romanian că and Istro-Romanian ke. The Romance languages have…

It is inherited from Late Latin cadeō (“to fall”), a second-conjugation form of Latin cadō; the verb is found in nearly every Romance language. The Latin verb goes back to Proto-Indo-European *ḱad-…

It is inherited from Latin caballus (“horse, workhorse”), the popular word that replaced classical equus. The Latin word was first a workhorse or gelding, and is recorded from Lucilius on. The noun…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *caldūra (“heat”), from Latin caldus (“warm”), the shorter form of calidus. Ciorănescu notes that Italian caldura and the Occitan form confirm the Latin word. DELR…

It is inherited from Latin callis (“mountain path, track”). The Latin word meant a rough track or path; the DA glosses it “path through mountains or woods”. De Vaan links it with callum (“hard…

It is inherited from Latin quandō (“when”), a word kept throughout Romance. It survives as Aromanian cãndu, Megleno-Romanian cǫn and Istro-Romanian căn, and its Romance cognates include Italian…

It is inherited from Latin cantō (“to sing”), the frequentative of canō (“to sing”), and is found throughout the Romance languages. It survives in all four branches: Aromanian cântu…

It is inherited from Latin canticum (“song”). It survives south of the Danube: Aromanian cãntic and Megleno-Romanian cǫntic. The REW records the inherited word only in Romanian and Aromanian, where…

1. The word for the head is inherited from Latin caput (“head”), a word kept by all the Romance languages. Pușcariu and Ciorănescu start from a popular form *capum, remade as a noun of the second…

It is inherited from Latin quālis (“of what kind”). In the Romance languages it competed with quī (“who, which”) and became a plain relative and interrogative pronoun. The pronoun survives in all…

It is inherited from Latin carō (“flesh, meat”), in its accusative form carnem. The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian carni, Megleno-Romanian carni and Istro-Romanian cårne. Aromanian…

It is inherited from Latin charta (“papyrus leaf, paper; letter”), a word found in all the Romance languages. The Romanian form was rebuilt from the plural ⟨cărți⟩ of an older singular *cartă, on…

It is inherited from Late Latin cānūtus (“grey”), a popular Latin form beside cānus (“white, grey”). Wiktionary analyses it as the adjective with the suffix -ūtus, and notes that it is attested in…

It is inherited from Latin quantus (“how great, how much”). It survives in all four branches: Aromanian cãt, Megleno-Romanian cǫt and Istro-Romanian cât. Its Romance cognates include Italian quanto…

It is inherited from Latin contrā (“opposite, against”). DELR takes cătră as the original form, which took its final /e/ under the influence of între, while cătă lost its /r/ by dissimilation in…

It is inherited from Latin, but its exact source is disputed; MDA2, DEX and Papahagi trace it to a form built on cautus. According to them it is inherited from Vulgar Latin *cautō (“to take care”)…

It is inherited from Latin quid (“what”), which survives in every Romance language. The Latin word comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid. DELR adds that as a relative pronoun and adjective it also…

It is inherited from Latin cēra (“wax”). The Latin word is related to Ancient Greek κηρός (kērós, “wax”) and may have been borrowed from Greek. It survives in Aromanian as tsearã, also “candle”, and…

It is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic часъ (časŭ, “hour, time”), a word of the Old Church Slavonic of the church. Ciorănescu follows Miklosich, Cihac and Meyer, and records Megleno-Romanian ceas…

It is a reduced form from Romanian acel (“that”), which lost its initial ⟨a-⟩ in unstressed position before the noun. The Academy dictionary also explains it as a variant of the longer form that…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *cinusia, a collective formed on Latin cinus, a by-form of cinis (“ashes”) that was declined like genus. Ciorănescu finds the Vulgar Latin form confirmed by…

It is inherited from Latin cervus (“stag, deer”). It survives south of the Danube: Aromanian tserbu and Megleno-Romanian țerb. Its Romance cognates include Italian cervo, French cerf, Spanish ciervo…

It is inherited from Latin cervīx (“neck, nape”), continued in its accusative form ⟨cervīcem⟩. The Latin word has been traced to Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head”) and *weyk- (“to bend”), “where…

It is inherited from Latin circellus (“small ring”), a diminutive of circulus (“circle, ring”). In several Romance languages the Latin word also came to mean “earring”, as in Romanian: DELR names…

It is inherited from Latin quaerō (“to seek, look for; to ask”). The Latin verb's own origin is uncertain: Wiktionary reports Nussbaum's and de Vaan's derivation from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂-…

It is the long infinitive of cere, formed from Romanian cere + -re and used as a noun. The verb is from Latin quaerō (“to seek”), a verb kept throughout Romance.

It is inherited from Latin cithera, the popular Latin form of cithara (“lyre, cithara”). The Appendix Probi of the 5th century already condemns it as a mistake for the classical form. Latin took the…

It is inherited from Latin clāvis (“key”), from the accusative clāvem, a word kept by the Romance languages. DELR records an older form ⟨cleie⟩ in the Anonymus Caransebesiensis of about 1650. The…