Portuguese words first recorded in the 14th century

It is borrowed from Latin conversor (“to associate with, live among”), a learned word. Houaiss takes it from the deponent verb, “to meet habitually in one place, frequent, live with”, while…

It is borrowed from Old French corage (“heart; courage”), as Aurélio, Michaelis, Nascentes and DELPo give it. Houaiss, Cunha and the DLP name modern French courage, and Wiktionary also allows a…

1. The word for “concave” is inherited from Latin covus (“hollow”), an archaic variant of cavus (“hollow, concave”). Nascentes notes that the Latin variant is cited by Paulus Festus, and Michaelis…

It is inherited from Latin coxa (“hip”), written Old Galician-Portuguese coixa and Old Galician-Portuguese coyxa in medieval texts. The Latin word meant the hip of a person or the haunch of an…

It is borrowed from Latin crēdō (“I believe”), the first person singular present of the Latin verb, the first word of the Creed (⟨Credo in unum Deum⟩ “I believe in one God”), which became the name…

It is inherited from Latin cribrō (“to sift”), written Old Galician-Portuguese criuar in the oldest texts. Wiktionary, Aurélio and Michaelis derive it from the dissimilated form *cribō, with the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin cribum (“sieve”), a form of Latin cribrum with the second /r/ lost by dissimilation. Houaiss and Cunha give the classical form as the etymon. Corominas notes that…

It is inherited from Latin cūlus (“the rump, anus”), written Old Galician-Portuguese cuu in the oldest texts. The same Latin word is Galician cu, Spanish culo, Catalan cul, Occitan cul, French cul…

It is borrowed from Latin culpābilis (“blameworthy”), recorded from the 14th century. Wiktionary calls it a learned borrowing, Nascentes a semi-learned one; it can also be analysed as culpar with…

It is borrowed from Latin cūriōsus (“careful, diligent; inquisitive”), first recorded in the 14th century as Old Galician-Portuguese corioso. Nascentes calls it learned, while Wiktionary treats it…

It is borrowed from Old French dancier, the old form of French danser, which is recorded about 1170. The DLP and Porto Editora name the modern French verb as the source. Wiktionary instead has it…

It is borrowed from Latin dēpendeō (“to hang down from; to depend on”), taken over by the learned route. The Latin verb is formed dē- + pendeō (“to hang, be suspended”). Seen from Portuguese, the…

It is formed from Portuguese dês + de: the old preposition, written Old Galician-Portuguese des “since, from” in the medieval texts, was joined to the preposition ⟨de⟩. The old preposition comes…

It is formed from Portuguese des- + ligar, first written Old Galician-Portuguese deslegar. The base verb, old Old Galician-Portuguese legar, is from Latin ligō (“to bind, tie”). Wiktionary traces…

It is inherited from Latin expediō (“to free from fastenings, disentangle”), through the older Old Galician-Portuguese espir, with the prefix ⟨ex-⟩ replaced by des-. The form without ⟨d-⟩ is…

It is borrowed from Latin difficultās (“difficulty”), first recorded in the 14th century. Nascentes calls it semi-learned, a word that came through the learned language but was partly adapted. The…

It is borrowed from Latin dignus (“worthy, fitting”), a learned word. Nascentes notes that the learned form was restored over the older Old Galician-Portuguese dino. Spanish had the same history…

It is inherited from Latin dūritia (“hardness”), from dūrus (“hard”) and the suffix -itia. The same Latin word is Galician dureza, Spanish dureza, Catalan duresa and Italian durezza. De Vaan traces…

It is borrowed from Latin aedificium (“building”), recorded from the 14th century. Nascentes calls it semi-learned. The Latin noun is formed from aedificō (“to build”) with the suffix -ium. The same…

The origin is disputed. One explanation makes it borrowed from Arabic نعامة (naʿāma, “ostrich”): Vieira in 1871 already derived it from Arabic, the Academia's DLP and Porto Editora give the same…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *anguīla, a form of Latin anguīlla (“eel”) with a single /l/, which accounts for the loss of the /l/ between vowels. The oldest form is Old Galician-Portuguese…

It is formed from Portuguese ensaio + -ar. DELPo compares Spanish ensayar. ensaio is from Late Latin exagium (“weighing”), which in Late Latin, as in Greek, could already mean a trial or test…

It is inherited from Latin interānea (“the intestines”), written Old Galician-Portuguese entranna in the oldest texts. The Latin word is the neuter plural of interāneum (“intestine”), itself the…

It is inherited from Latin invītō (“to entertain, invite”). The REW notes that almost everywhere in Romance the verb came to mean “to challenge” and “to bid” in games, while the Latin sense “to…

It is inherited from Latin involvō (“to roll onto; to wrap up”), the source that Houaiss, Cunha, Nascentes and the DLP all give. Nascentes describes the word as semi-learned. The same Latin verb is…

It is inherited from Late Latin exsūcō (“to deprive of juice, to dry”), with the first syllable remade as en-, as in enxame. Nascentes puts the ⟨n⟩ down to the language's dislike of an isolated…

It is inherited from Late Latin excaldō (“to wash in hot water, to put into hot water”). The DLP calls the Latin verb Vulgar Latin. The same Latin verb is Galician escaldar, Spanish escaldar…

It is inherited from Latin squāma (“scale”), written Old Galician-Portuguese escama in the oldest texts. Besides the scale of a fish or snake, the Latin word could mean mail of metal, a cataract of…

Houaiss, Aurélio and Michaelis form it from Portuguese escambo + -ar. The noun escambo, “barter”, is recorded from the 13th century as Old Galician-Portuguese escambo, escanbho and escaymbo. Houaiss…

It is inherited from Latin excurrō (“to run out, rush out; to extend”). The Latin verb is formed ex- + currō (“to run”). Silva Bastos and Vieira instead saw a Portuguese formation from correr with…

It is inherited from Latin spatium (“racecourse; open space, extent; interval”), written Old Galician-Portuguese espaço and Old Galician-Portuguese spaço in the oldest texts. García de Diego counts…

It is borrowed from Latin speciālis (“particular, individual”), a learned word. Nascentes calls it semi-learned. The Latin adjective was formed from speciēs (“kind, sort”) with the suffix -ālis. In…

According to Houaiss, Cunha and Wiktionary it is inherited from Latin spīnus (“thorn bush”), written Old Galician-Portuguese espino in the 14th century and Old Galician-Portuguese espinho from the…

It is formed from Portuguese espinho + -oso. Houaiss notes that some derive it directly from Latin spīnōsus (“thorny”), as Cunha and the DLP do. The Latin adjective is the source of Spanish…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *expremō, from Latin exprimō (“to press out, squeeze”). Houaiss, Cunha, Nascentes and the DLP derive it directly from the Latin verb. Silva Bastos and Figueiredo…

It is inherited from Latin spūma (“foam, froth”). Nascentes considers it semi-learned, and less popular than its doublet escuma, which Houaiss derives from a Germanic word, Proto-Germanic *skūmaz or…

Houaiss, Nascentes and Aurélio take it as borrowed from Catalan esquif, which is from Italian schifo (“a small boat serving a larger ship”), recorded before 1470, itself from Lombardic *skif. Cunha…

It is borrowed from Latin statiō (“a standing still; post, station”), a learned word according to Wiktionary. Houaiss and Cunha derive it from the Latin noun, and Houaiss lists its senses “state of…

It is borrowed from Latin stilus (“pointed stake; stylus; manner of writing”). Nascentes calls it a semi-learned word. The Latin word is often written with ⟨y⟩ through a mistaken link with Ancient…

It is inherited from Latin stomachus (“gullet; stomach; anger”), first recorded in the 14th century as Old Galician-Portuguese estamago. Nascentes calls it a semi-learned word and names bucho as the…

It is borrowed from Latin experientia (“trial, test; experience gained, practice”), first recorded in the 14th century. The Latin noun is formed from experiēns, the present participle of experior…

It is inherited from Latin expōnō (“to put out, set out; to explain”), first recorded in the 14th century as Old Galician-Portuguese espoer. Nascentes derives the modern verb through that old form…

It is inherited from Latin fāgea (“of beech”), the feminine of the adjective fāgeus, which was made a noun from a phrase with māteria (“timber”), “beech wood”. In the oldest texts it is Old…

Houaiss and Wiktionary take it as inherited from Latin fascia (“strip, band, bandage”), written Old Galician-Portuguese faixa and Old Galician-Portuguese faxa in the old texts. Nascentes, Aurélio…

Its origin is disputed. According to Cunha and Wiktionary it is inherited from Vulgar Latin *faminentus, formed on *famen, a variant of Latin famēs (“hunger”); the Portuguese form then supposes an…

It is borrowed from Latin phantasma (“apparition, ghost”), first recorded in the 14th century. The Latin word is from Ancient Greek φάντασμα (phántasma, “apparition, vision, image”), from φαντάζω…

It is inherited from Latin fastīdium (“loathing of food, squeamishness”). Houaiss's oldest form, of the 14th century, is Old Galician-Portuguese ffastidio, and Old Galician-Portuguese fastio and Old…

It is inherited from Latin favus (“honeycomb”), spelt Old Galician-Portuguese fauoo and Old Galician-Portuguese favoo in the 14th century. The same Latin word is Galician favo, Italian favo and Old…

It is borrowed from Latin favor (“goodwill, favour, support”), a learned word. The Latin noun is formed from faveō (“to be favourably inclined, to approve”) with the suffix -or. Its Spanish…

It is inherited from Latin foeteō (“to stink”), written Old Galician-Portuguese feder in the oldest texts. The Latin verb was also spelt with ⟨faet-⟩ and ⟨fēt-⟩, and Silva Bastos and Wiktionary cite…

It is inherited from Latin foetor (“stench”), written Old Galician-Portuguese fedor in the oldest texts. Wiktionary derives it from the accusative fētōrem, and the OLD records the Latin variants…

It is inherited from Latin fera (“wild animal”), the feminine of the adjective ferus (“wild, savage”) used as a noun, short for a phrase with bēstia (“beast”). Houaiss dates it to the 14th century…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin ferrāmenta (“iron tools”), the neuter plural of Latin ferrāmentum (“an iron implement or tool”). The same Latin word is Galician ferramenta, Spanish herramienta…

It is inherited from Latin fingō (“to shape, mould”), and in Portuguese it goes back to the 14th century, written Old Galician-Portuguese fingir and Old Galician-Portuguese finger. Houaiss traces…

It is borrowed from Old French forest (“wide wooded land”) (modern French forêt), whose form was probably influenced by flor “flower”. The oldest Portuguese forms are Old Galician-Portuguese…

It is borrowed from Old French fornir (“to accomplish, carry out”), the modern French fournir, which Houaiss dates to about 1160 and derives from a West Germanic *frumjan. The DHLF records the Old…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin fortūna (“chance, luck, fortune; possessions”), already written Old Galician-Portuguese fortuna in the oldest texts. Nascentes notes that it came by the…

It is inherited from Latin frīgō (“to roast, fry”), first recorded as Old Galician-Portuguese friger. Houaiss dates the verb to the 14th century from Cunha's medieval index, while Cunha's own…

It is borrowed from Latin fuga (“flight, running away”), first recorded in the 14th century. Cunha dates the word only to the 17th century. The Latin noun is related to the verb fugiō (“to flee”)…

It is inherited from Late Latin fēnuculum (“fennel”), a by-form of classical Latin feniculum, the diminutive of fēnum (“hay”). Houaiss and Cunha mark the Late Latin form as unattested. Wiktionary…