escorrer

Forms

escorrer (first-person singular present escorro, first-person singular preterite escorri, past participle escorrido)^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin excurrō (“to run out, rush out; to extend”).^[2][3][4][1] The Latin verb is formed ex- + currō (“to run”).^[5][1] Silva Bastos and Vieira instead saw a Portuguese formation from correr with the prefix es-.^[6][7] Houaiss, Cunha and the DLP take it from the Latin verb.^[6][7][2][8]

The same Latin verb is Galician escorrer, Catalan escórrer, Italian scorrere and Spanish escurrir.^[1][9]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss dates the verb to the 14th century from Cunha's medieval index;^[2][3] Cunha's dictionary dates it to the 16th.^[2][3] Cardoso's dictionary of 1569 glosses it with Latin defluo “to flow down”.^[10]

Semantic evolution

The early dictionaries use it of water running out of something soaked: Bluteau has water streaming from a cloak, a knife dripping blood and a man running with sweat.^[11] Morais (1813) adds a nautical sense from the chronicles of the voyages, to sail past a coast or port without putting in, quoting escorreu a Ethiopia from Albuquerque.^[12][7] Modern dictionaries add “to hang loosely” (of clothes), “to sweat heavily”, and in Portugal slang “to hand over money” and escorrer a água das azeitonas “to urinate”.^[2][8][13]

Timeline

• 14th century – first record.^[2]
• 1569 – Cardoso glosses Escorrer as Latin defluo.^[10]
• 1712–1728 – Bluteau's examples of water, blood and sweat.^[11]
• 1734 – Feijó's spelling dictionary lists escorrer beside escurrer.^[14]
• 1813 – Morais records the nautical sense.^[12]

Meanings

Verb

1. (transitive) To pour off or drain a liquid; to drain something of its liquid: escorrer o arroz.^[2][15][1]
2. (transitive) To let out, shed (a liquid): O corte escorria sangue.^[2][15]
3. (intransitive) To run in a trickle or in drops; to drip: A chuva escorria pelo vidro.^[2][15][1]
4. (intransitive) To slip down, hang loosely (of clothing).^[2][15]
5. (intransitive) To sweat heavily.^[2][15]
6. (nautical) To sail along a coast, or past a port without putting in.^[16][8]
7. (Portugal, slang) To hand over money.^[8][13]

Word family

• escorrimento
• escorredura
• escorredor

Related words

• correr
• excursão
• Latin excurrō
• Galician escorrer
• Spanish escurrir

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. escorrer
3. ^ a b c Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. escorrer
4. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. escorrer
5. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. excurrō
6. ^ a b Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. escorrer
7. ^ a b c Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 3, 269
8. ^ a b c d Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. escorrer
9. ^ Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. escurrir
10. ^ a b Cardoso, Jerónimo (1569–1570), Dictionarium ex lusitanico in latinum sermonem, Lisboa: João Álvares (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. escorrer
11. ^ a b Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. escorrer
12. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 1, 742
13. ^ a b Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 3804
14. ^ Feijó, João de Morais Madureira (1734), Orthographia, ou Arte de escrever, e pronunciar com acerto a lingua portugueza, Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. escorrer
15. ^ a b c d e Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. escorrer
16. ^ Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. escorrer