Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word digno

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1300s More words from the 14th century
Borrowed from
Latin dignus
Ultimate origin
Latin dignus
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin dīgnus
Italian degno
French digne
Portuguese digno
Romanian demn
From the same root
Latin dignē ← dīgnus
Latin dignitās ← dīgnus
Latin dignor ← dīgnus
Latin indignus ← dīgnus

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /ˈd͡ʒi.ɡi.nu/, /ˈd͡ʒiɡ.nu/[1]
  • Portugal: /ˈdiɡ.nu/, [ˈdiɣ.nu][1]
  • Portugal, Southern: /ˈdiɡ.nu/[1]

Forms

digno (feminine digna, masculine plural dignos, feminine plural dignas)[1] Old Galician-Portuguese also wrote dino and dignu.[2][3] Dino still appears in a letter of 1538 and in dialects of Portugal.[4][5]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin dignus (“worthy, fitting”), a learned word.[2][6][1] Nascentes notes that the learned form was restored over the older Old Galician-Portuguese dino.[7][3] Spanish had the same history: Spanish digno was pronounced dino through most of the Middle Ages, and dinno is the form of the Cid poem.[8][9] The Latin word is also Italian degno, Romanian demn and French digne.[10]

The Latin adjective belongs with decet (“it is fitting”) and goes back to *dek-no- (“worthy”), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱ-no-.[11][1] The root *deḱ- (“to take, accept”) is also in Ancient Greek δέχομαι (dékhomai, “to accept”).[11][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss dates digno and dino to the 14th century.[2] The Regra de São Bento has nõ sõo digno, eu pecador, levar os meus olhos ao ceo “I, a sinner, am not worthy to raise my eyes to heaven”, the Miragres de Santiago write dino, and a document of 1387 speaks of witnesses dignos de ffe “worthy of trust”.[3] The first sense was “deserving”.[3]

Semantic evolution

From “deserving” the word moved to “fitting, appropriate” and “having dignity, honourable”.[2][6] Morais in 1789 gives only “deserving”, of pardon, love or honours but also of reproof, and Aulete notes that it is used in a good or a bad sense.[12][13] Later dictionaries add “capable, qualified” and “illustrious”, and the DLP records its use as a respectful form of address.[14][15][16]

Timeline

  • 14th century – digno, dino and dignu in Houaiss's medieval sources.[2]
  • 1387 – dignos de ffe in a document.[3]
  • 1416 – digno in the Vida de Santo Aleixo.[17]
  • 1538 – the form dino in a private letter.[4]
  • 1755 – Folqman glosses it with Latin dignus.[18]
  • 1789 – Morais defines it as “deserving”.[12]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. (followed by de) worthy of, deserving: uma obra digna de ser lida.[2][6][1]
  2. Fitting, appropriate, in keeping with: uma recompensa digna do esforço.[2][13]
  3. Having or showing dignity (dignidade), honourable, decent: um trabalho digno.[2][16][1]
  4. Capable, qualified for a task.[15][19]
  5. Illustrious, noble; used as a respectful form of address.[15][16]

Word family

  • dignamente
  • dignação
  • dignar-se
  • dignatário
  • dignidade
  • dignificação
  • dignificar
  • dignitário
  • fidedigno
  • indignar
  • indigno
  • Spanish digno

Usage notes

Huber notes the medieval construction é digna cousa “it is a fitting thing”.[20]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. digno
  3. ^ a b c d e Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. digno
  4. ^ a b CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. digno
  5. ^ Instituto da Lingua Galega, Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (TLPGP), Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/tesouro, p. s.v. digno
  6. ^ a b c Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. digno
  7. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. digno
  8. ^ Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 2, 494
  9. ^ García de Diego, Vicente (1985), Diccionario etimológico español e hispánico, 2nd ed., Madrid: Espasa-Calpe (1st ed. 1954), p. s.v. dignus
  10. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 2641
  11. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill, p. s.v. decet
  12. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 438
  13. ^ a b Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. digno
  14. ^ Figueiredo, Cândido de (1899), Novo diccionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Tavares Cardoso & Irmão, p. s.v. digno
  15. ^ a b c Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. digno
  16. ^ a b c Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. digno
  17. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. digno
  18. ^ Folqman, Carlos (1755), Diccionario portuguez, e latino, Lisboa: Régia Officina Silviana (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. digno
  19. ^ Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. digno
  20. ^ Huber, Joseph (1933), Altportugiesisches Elementarbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. 466

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Digno.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/digno. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

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