Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word digno
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1300s More words from the 14th century
- Borrowed from
- Latin dignus
- Ultimate origin
- Latin dignus
Etymology tree
From the same root
Pronunciation
Forms
digno (feminine digna, masculine plural dignos, feminine plural dignas)[1] Old Galician-Portuguese also wrote dino and dignu.[2][3] Dino still appears in a letter of 1538 and in dialects of Portugal.[4][5]
Etymology
It is borrowed from Latin dignus (“worthy, fitting”), a learned word.[2][6][1] Nascentes notes that the learned form was restored over the older Old Galician-Portuguese dino.[7][3] Spanish had the same history: Spanish digno was pronounced dino through most of the Middle Ages, and dinno is the form of the Cid poem.[8][9] The Latin word is also Italian degno, Romanian demn and French digne.[10]
The Latin adjective belongs with decet (“it is fitting”) and goes back to *dek-no- (“worthy”), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱ-no-.[11][1] The root *deḱ- (“to take, accept”) is also in Ancient Greek δέχομαι (dékhomai, “to accept”).[11][1]
Earliest recorded meaning
Houaiss dates digno and dino to the 14th century.[2] The Regra de São Bento has nõ sõo digno, eu pecador, levar os meus olhos ao ceo “I, a sinner, am not worthy to raise my eyes to heaven”, the Miragres de Santiago write dino, and a document of 1387 speaks of witnesses dignos de ffe “worthy of trust”.[3] The first sense was “deserving”.[3]
Semantic evolution
From “deserving” the word moved to “fitting, appropriate” and “having dignity, honourable”.[2][6] Morais in 1789 gives only “deserving”, of pardon, love or honours but also of reproof, and Aulete notes that it is used in a good or a bad sense.[12][13] Later dictionaries add “capable, qualified” and “illustrious”, and the DLP records its use as a respectful form of address.[14][15][16]
Timeline
- 14th century – digno, dino and dignu in Houaiss's medieval sources.[2]
- 1387 – dignos de ffe in a document.[3]
- 1416 – digno in the Vida de Santo Aleixo.[17]
- 1538 – the form dino in a private letter.[4]
- 1755 – Folqman glosses it with Latin dignus.[18]
- 1789 – Morais defines it as “deserving”.[12]
Meanings
Adjective
- (followed by de) worthy of, deserving: uma obra digna de ser lida.[2][6][1]
- Fitting, appropriate, in keeping with: uma recompensa digna do esforço.[2][13]
- Having or showing dignity (dignidade), honourable, decent: um trabalho digno.[2][16][1]
- Capable, qualified for a task.[15][19]
- Illustrious, noble; used as a respectful form of address.[15][16]
Word family
- dignamente
Related words
- dignação
- dignar-se
- dignatário
- dignidade
- dignificação
- dignificar
- dignitário
- fidedigno
- indignar
- indigno
- Spanish digno
Usage notes
Huber notes the medieval construction é digna cousa “it is a fitting thing”.[20]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. digno
- ^ a b c d e Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. digno
- ^ a b CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. digno
- ^ Instituto da Lingua Galega, Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (TLPGP), Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/tesouro, p. s.v. digno
- ^ a b c Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. digno
- ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. digno
- ^ Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 2, 494
- ^ García de Diego, Vicente (1985), Diccionario etimológico español e hispánico, 2nd ed., Madrid: Espasa-Calpe (1st ed. 1954), p. s.v. dignus
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 2641
- ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill, p. s.v. decet
- ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 438
- ^ a b Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. digno
- ^ Figueiredo, Cândido de (1899), Novo diccionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Tavares Cardoso & Irmão, p. s.v. digno
- ^ a b c Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. digno
- ^ a b c Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. digno
- ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. digno
- ^ Folqman, Carlos (1755), Diccionario portuguez, e latino, Lisboa: Régia Officina Silviana (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. digno
- ^ Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. digno
- ^ Huber, Joseph (1933), Altportugiesisches Elementarbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. 466
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Digno.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/digno. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
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