Portuguese words first recorded in the 15th century

It is borrowed from Latin venēnum (“potent herb, drug; poison”), taken over as a learned word. Houaiss glosses the Latin word as a philtre or magic potion to win love, a remedy, and a poison. In…

It is borrowed from Latin verbōsus (“wordy, prolix”). Nascentes calls it a learned word. Wiktionary adds that it can be analysed in Portuguese as verbo with the suffix -oso. The Latin adjective is…

It is formed from Portuguese viagem + -ar, on the stem ⟨viaj-⟩ of the noun. DELPo compares the formation of French voyager. The noun was borrowed in the 13th century from Old Occitan viatge, which…

It is borrowed from Latin violentus (“impetuous, violent”), a learned word. The OLD and de Vaan derive the Latin adjective from violō (“to violate, disturb”) with the suffix -entus. Wiktionary and…

Houaiss, Cunha and the DLP take it as borrowed from French virer (“to turn”), recorded in French from the 12th century; if it is a loan, Houaiss thinks the French word spread by sea, as Camões's use…

Its origin is disputed: Houaiss takes it as borrowed from Italian vogare (“to row”) or from Old Occitan vogar, both of obscure origin. Cunha and Aurélio name the same two sources, and Cunha derives…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *volvitō (“to roll, turn over”), a frequentative of Latin volvō (“to roll, turn”), written Old Galician-Portuguese voltar in the oldest texts. Houaiss and Cunha…

It is a back-formation from Portuguese voar (“to fly”), the noun made from the verb without a suffix. DELPo compares Spanish vuelo, formed in the same way from volar. The verb voar is inherited from…

It is borrowed from Latin vulva (“womb”), a learned word. The Latin noun also had the older form volva. Houaiss gives its senses as “vulva, uterus, womb; sow's womb; belly; skin of a fruit”, and…

1. The word for “to annul” is borrowed from Late Latin annullō (“to reduce to nothing, annihilate”), a verb of Church Latin. The Latin verb is formed on nullus (“no, none”) with the prefix ad-, and…

It is borrowed from Latin repetītiō (“a going back; a demanding back; repetition”). Houaiss dates it to 1407 from Lorenzo's records, and Cunha to the 15th century. Within Portuguese it can be…

It is borrowed from Latin ūsūrpō (“to take into use; to take possession of”). Nascentes calls it a learned word. The same Latin verb gave French usurper, first recorded in 1340, and Spanish usurpar…

In Houaiss's view it comes from Latin hōrologium (“sundial, water clock”), through an aphetic form *rologium of the Vulgar Latin of Hispania that Machado proposed. Nascentes and Aurélio also derive…

Houaiss takes it borrowed from Spanish ría (“arm of a river, river mouth”), which he dates to 1495 and explains as formed from río (“river”) with the feminine ending -a. The Aulete Digital also…

It is borrowed from Germanic sal (“a building of a single large reception room”), according to Houaiss, who follows Corominas on the Spanish word in leaving open whether it reached the Iberian…

1. The word for “actual, true” is borrowed from Late Latin reālis (“actual, of things”), a derivative of Latin rēs (“thing, matter”). Wiktionary treats it as inherited through Old…

It is borrowed from Arabic القادوس (al-qādūs, “bucket of a water wheel”), with the Arabic article. Houaiss and Machado give the Arabic word the senses “bucket of a water wheel, bucket of a noria…

It is inherited from Latin bāca (“berry, small fruit”), also written bacca. Vieira explains the /ɡ/ as the voicing of the Latin /k/, as in lacus and lago. The same Latin word is Galician baga…

It is borrowed from Latin subsidium (“reserve troops; help, support”), a learned word. Houaiss dates it to the 15th century, and Lorenzo's chronology antedates Machado's 16th-century record, taken…

It is inherited from Late Latin strāta (“paved road”), written Old Galician-Portuguese estrada or Old Galician-Portuguese strada in the oldest texts. This is short for Latin via strāta “paved road”…

It is borrowed from Late Latin collēgiātus (“member of a college; collegiate”), first recorded as an adjective in 1431. Michaelis and Wiktionary also read it as colégio with the suffix -ado, and the…

It is borrowed from Late Latin sodomia, the Latin word of the Church, formed from the name of the biblical city Sodoma with the suffix -ia. Houaiss calls the Latin word medieval and thinks it…

It is borrowed from Italian impresa (“undertaking”). The Italian noun is the feminine past participle of imprendere (“to undertake”) used as a noun, from Vulgar Latin *imprehendō, formed from in-…

In most sources it is borrowed from Latin resideō (“to remain, stay behind; to reside”). Houaiss gives instead resīdō (“to sit down, settle”). The OLD notes that the two Latin verbs are often hard…

It is a back-formation from Portuguese socorrer (“to help, rescue”), as Houaiss, Cunha, Aurélio and the DLP all explain it. The verb is recorded from the 13th century and comes from Latin succurrō…

It is borrowed from Latin dēscrībō (“to copy; to draw, mark out; to describe”), first recorded in 1436. Wiktionary calls it a learned borrowing. The Latin verb is formed from dē- and scrībō (“to…

It is borrowed from Italian piloto, the older Italian form beside pilota. In Italian the first form is recorded before 1375 (Boccaccio) and the second from 1532 (Ariosto), and earlier still are…

It is borrowed from Latin ūniō (“to unite, to join into one”), a learned word. The Latin verb is rare and post-Augustan, used by Seneca and Apuleius; it was formed from ūnus (“one”). The numeral…

Houaiss takes it as borrowed from Old French arester (“to stop, hold back, seize”) (today French arrêter), a verb formed from Latin ad- and restō (“to stay, stop, resist”). The DELPo and Vieira also…

It is formed from Portuguese agradar + -vel. The verb is formed from a-, the stem of grado and -ar, and the noun comes from Latin grātus (“pleasing, welcome”). The same formation is Spanish…

It is borrowed from Latin compēnsō (“to weigh together, balance, make good”), a learned word first recorded in 1441. Nascentes notes that it came in by the learned route, without the sound changes…

It is borrowed from Latin particulāris (“of a part, partial”), an imperial Latin adjective, written Old Galician-Portuguese particular in the oldest texts. Houaiss and Cunha date it to the 15th…

It is borrowed from Latin replicātiō (“a rolling back; a reply”). Nascentes calls it a semi-learned word. Wiktionary adds that it can be analysed in Portuguese as replicar with the suffix -ção. The…

It is borrowed from Latin ūtilis (“useful, advantageous”), a learned word first recorded in 1441. Nascentes notes that it came in by the learned route, unlike a popular word. The Latin adjective is…

It is borrowed from Spanish cañón, which in turn comes from Italian cannone, according to Houaiss and Cunha. Houaiss dates the Italian word to the 14th century as “thick tube” and to 1514–1520 as…

Wiktionary takes it as borrowed from Late Latin diamas (“diamond”). Houaiss, Aurélio and the DLP call the Latin source a Vulgar Latin form, and DELPo thinks the word came through French. The Latin…

It is borrowed from Latin dēlinquēns (“failing, offending”), first recorded in 1444. The Latin word is the present participle of dēlinquō (“to be lacking, err”), from dē- and linquō (“to leave”)…

It is borrowed from Latin līmitātiō (“the fixing of boundaries”), first recorded in 1446 as Old Galician-Portuguese limitaçom. Nascentes calls it semi-learned. The Latin noun is formed from līmitō…

It is borrowed from Late Latin locālis (“of a place”), taken as a learned word. The Latin adjective is formed from locus (“place”) with -ālis. The same Latin adjective, through Old…

It is inherited from Late Latin masticō (“to chew”), a post-classical verb. Vieira calls the Portuguese verb a contraction of the Latin one. Its learned doublet is mastigar. The same Latin word is…

It is borrowed from Latin assistēns (“standing by, present”), the present participle of assistō (“to stand by, be present, assist in court”). Nascentes takes it from the Latin spelling adsistēns by…

It is borrowed from Andalusian Arabic المسك (almísk), from Arabic مِسْك (misk, “musk”), with the Arabic article ال (al-) fused to the noun. Corriente explains the final /r/ as a parasitic consonant…

It is borrowed from French bordel (“hut; brothel”). Houaiss traces it to Old French bordel, recorded before 1105 for a hut, and for a brothel from about 1200. Nascentes and Caldas Aulete took it…

It is formed from Portuguese demarcar + -ção. Michaelis analyses it instead as de- with marcação. The verb, recorded from 1265, is formed from Portuguese de- + marcar, and Houaiss derives its second…

1. The word for the adjective “military” is borrowed from Latin mīlitāris (“of soldiers, military”), formed from mīles (“soldier”) with the suffix -āris. Nascentes and Aurélio derive the adjective…

Its origin is disputed. Machado, Cunha, Michaelis and the DLP take it as borrowed from Old French arrumer (“to stow cargo”), a verb of the French seafaring vocabulary related to the Germanic word…

Houaiss takes it as borrowed from Italian mangiatoia (“manger”), recorded in Italian before 1292, and notes that others derive it from the Portuguese verb manjar “to eat”. Nascentes, Michaelis and…

Houaiss analyses it as formed in the language itself, from Portuguese re- + nome, and the Academia's DLP, Aurélio, Porto Editora, Aulete and Silva Bastos give the same analysis. Cunha instead takes…

It is borrowed from French lot (“share, portion”), which is from Frankish *lot. The French word is recorded from about 1140, and the Frankish form is reconstructed from Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍃 (hlauts, “lot…

It is borrowed from Latin prōgenitor (“ancestor, founder of a family”), used in Latin also of a grandfather. Nascentes calls it a learned word, which took the sense “father” in Portuguese. The Latin…

It is inherited from Latin quasi (“as if; just as; almost”). Wiktionary calls it a semi-learned borrowing, and Nascentes notes archaic and popular forms without the /w/ of the learned spelling…

It is borrowed from Latin remūnerātiō (“repayment, recompense”), formed in Latin on remūneror (“to repay, reward”). Nascentes calls it semi-learned; Wiktionary also analyses it as formed from…

Houaiss and Cunha take it as borrowed from French brigue (“quarrel”), which French borrowed from Italian briga. The Italian noun is recorded from before 1294, in Brunetto Latini, with the senses…

It is borrowed from Italian razza, an Italian word of the 15th century for a group of animals or plants of one species with constant inherited features. The DELI dates the Italian word before 1446…

It is borrowed from Spanish regalía (“right belonging to the king; privilege”), as Houaiss, Cunha, Nascentes, Aurélio and Wiktionary all derive it. The Spanish word is a learned formation that…

It is borrowed from Old Occitan mot (“word, short saying”), or the French mot, which is recorded from the 10th century. The Occitan and French word continues Late Latin muttum (“a sound, a mutter”)…

It is borrowed from French plat (“dish, plate”), the French noun formed from the adjective of the same form, meaning “flat, level, smooth”, according to Houaiss, Cunha, Nascentes and Aurélio. The…

It is borrowed from Latin reverēns (“respectful, reverent”), the present participle of revereor (“to stand in awe of, respect”). Nascentes calls it a learned word. The Latin verb is formed with re-…

It is formed from Portuguese final + -mente. Figueiredo derives it simply from the adjective. The adjective final is from Late Latin fīnālis (“relating to boundaries, final”), from Latin fīnis…

It is borrowed from Latin futūrus (“about to be”), taken over in learned use. Houaiss derives the noun from the neuter futūrum (“what is to come”), the adjective used as a noun. The Latin word is…