Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word limitação

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1446 Ordenações Afonsinas, spelt limitaçom More words from the 15th century
Borrowed from
Latin limitatio
Ultimate origin
Latin līmes
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin līmus
Italian limo
Portuguese limo
Romanian im
Latin līmes
Spanish linde
French limite
Romanian limită
Italian limite
Spanish límite
Latin līmitō
Portuguese lindar
Italian limitare
Latin līmitātiō
English limitation
Portuguese limitação
Spanish limitación
From the same root
Latin līmen ← līmus
Latin līmōsus ← līmus
Romanian imos ← im
Spanish lindar ← linde

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /li.mi.taˈsɐ̃w̃/, [li.mi.taˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃][1]
  • Portugal: /li.mi.tɐˈsɐ̃w̃/[1]

Forms

limitação f (plural limitações)[1] The 15th-century form is limitaçom.[2][3]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin līmitātiō (“the fixing of boundaries”), first recorded in 1446 as Old Galician-Portuguese limitaçom.[2][3][1] Nascentes calls it semi-learned.[4] The Latin noun is formed from līmitō (“to enclose within boundaries”) with the suffix -tiō; the verb is derived from līmes (“boundary”).[5][6] Within Portuguese it can be analysed as limitar with the suffix -ção.[1]

The same Latin word was borrowed as Galician limitación, Spanish limitación, Catalan limitació, French limitation and Italian limitazione.[1][7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss dates limitaçom to 1446 from the Ordenações Afonsinas, and Morais (1813) quotes the same code for the sense “the act of limiting”.[2][8]

Semantic evolution

In Latin the word belonged to land surveying, the marking of the boundaries of a plot.[5] The first Portuguese record already has the general sense “the act of limiting”.[8] Morais (1789) lists the act of limiting, an exception to a rule or law, the state of being limited in reach (of human understanding, of sight or hearing), and a restriction or qualification of an opinion.[9] Vieira (1871–1874) quotes a passage that sets divine immensity against human limitação.[10] The old Aulete adds “modesty, moderateness”, as of prices.[11] Today the word is also used, often in the plural, for a person's shortcomings, and for finitude.[2][12]

Timeline

  • 1446 – first record, as limitaçom, in the Ordenações Afonsinas.[2]
  • 1709 – the spelling limitasão in a private letter.[13]
  • 1789 – Morais gives the senses “exception” and “restriction”.[9]
  • 1871–1874 – Vieira quotes the word of human limits.[10]

Meanings

Noun

  1. The act of limiting or of being limited; limitation.[2][12][1]
  2. The fixing of the limits of an area; demarcação, delimitação: a limitação de uma propriedade.[2][12]
  3. (figurative) restriction, containment: limitação das despesas.[2][12][14]
  4. (figurative) A lack or defect; shortcoming, often in the plural: Conhece bem as suas limitações.[2][12][1]
  5. (figurative) The condition of what is finite; finitude.[2][12]
  6. (law) limitação de responsabilidade, the reduction or definition of obligations below the full compensation for a damage.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. limitação
  3. ^ a b Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. limite
  4. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. limitação
  5. ^ a b Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. līmitātiō
  6. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. līmitō
  7. ^ Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. limitación
  8. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 2, 225
  9. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 2, 4
  10. ^ a b Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 3, 1315
  11. ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. limitação
  12. ^ a b c d e f Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. limitação
  13. ^ CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. limitação
  14. ^ Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. limitação

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Limitação.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/limita%C3%A7%C3%A3o. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·