Proto-West Germanic etymology in numbers
- English
- Latin
- French
- Romanian
- Italian
- Spanish
- Ancient Greek
- Portuguese
- German
- Dutch
- Proto-West Germanic
- Old Norse
- Proto-Germanic
- Old Church Slavonic
- Catalan
- Aromanian
- Hungarian
- Old English
- Old French
- Russian
- Proto-Indo-European
- Biblical Hebrew
- Albanian
- Bulgarian
- Gothic
- Middle English
- Serbo-Croatian
Counted from the etymologies of the 310 Proto-West Germanic entries in this dictionary, and recounted every few hours as entries are added. See also Proto-West Germanic words by origin.
Borrowed, inherited or formed
Each entry counted once: as borrowed if its etymology names a language it was taken from, else as inherited, else as formed within Proto-West Germanic.
- Borrowed 1% · 4 taken from another language
- Inherited 94% · 292 passed down from an ancestor of Proto-West Germanic
- Formed in Proto-West Germanic 4% · 12 compounds and derivatives of its own words
- Not traced yet 1% · 2 no etymology links yet
Ultimate origins by language family
Where the 296 traced words end up when their etymologies are followed back as far as they go, from entry to entry, grouped into families and the branches of Indo-European.
- Indo-European 154 · 52% Proto-Indo-European 154
- Germanic 138 · 47% Proto-Germanic 136 · Proto-West Germanic 2
- Italic 3 · 1% Proto-Italic 2 · Latin 1
- Hellenic 1 · 0% Ancient Greek 1
Words other languages took from Proto-West Germanic
20 entries of other languages in this dictionary were borrowed from Proto-West Germanic or its earlier stages.
Most prolific roots
The words that the most Proto-West Germanic entries go back to, at the far end of their etymologies.
- 3 Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- → *wegan, *wagn, *weg
- 3 Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- → *kannijan, *kuni, *kunnan
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- → *hūs, *skūm
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- → *dōn, *daili
- 2 Proto-Germanic *fastuz → *fast, *fastī
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *kʷos → *hwaʀ, *hwār
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *seh₂g- → *sōkijan, *saku
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- → *saggjan, *sehwan
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *skey- → *skip, *skaiþan
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- → *stān, *standan
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ → *ik, *mīn
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *úd → *uʀ-, *ūt
- 2 Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- → *helan, *hallu
- 1 Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerb- → *harpā
- 1 Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- → *skeutan
Longest journeys
The Proto-West Germanic words whose etymologies pass through the most languages, followed from entry to entry.
- *bī 2 languages
Proto-Germanic *bi ← Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi ← Proto-Indo-European *bʰi
- *habbjan 2 languages
Proto-Germanic *habjaną ← Proto-Indo-European *kap- ← Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti
- *kuni 2 languages
Proto-Germanic *kunją ← Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- ← Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-
- *opan 2 languages
Proto-Germanic *upanaz ← Proto-Germanic *upp ← Proto-Indo-European *upo
- *salt 2 languages
Proto-Germanic *saltaz ← Proto-Germanic *saltą ← Proto-Indo-European *sḗh₂l
- *swā 2 languages
Proto-Germanic *swa ← Proto-Germanic *swē ← Proto-Indo-European *swé
- *werk 2 languages
Proto-Germanic *werką ← Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom ← Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-
- *-ārī 2 languages
Latin -arius ← Proto-Italic *-āzios
- *aggju 2 languages
- *ain 2 languages
Proto-Germanic *ainaz ← Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos