*wagn

Reconstruction

Wiktionary reconstructs *wagn.^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *wagnaz (“wagon”),^[2][3] which Kroonen cites by its stem *wagna- and Orel as *waʒnaz.^[2][3] Kroonen derives the noun from the root of Proto-Germanic *weganą (“to move, to carry”), and Orel from that verb or directly from *waʒōn.^[2][3]

Morphology

A masculine a-stem.^[4][5]

Evidence

The word is attested as Old English wægn, with the variants wægen and wǣn,^[4] and Ringe and Taylor cite the Mercian compound wæġneþīxl from the Corpus Glossary, whose second part continues *þīhslu "(yoke-)pole".^[6] Old Frisian wein, also wain, comes from the same form: as in the Old English variant, the velar fricative was lost between vowels.^[7] Old Saxon wagan is found in glosses of the end of the 10th century, once in the plural for Latin septentriōnēs, the stars of the Plough,^[8] and Old High German wagan also named the constellation of the Great Bear.^[5] Old Dutch has the word only in the compound bathwagan, in the Latin charters of the abbey of Saint Peter at Ghent of 1070–1200.^[9]

Meanings

1. cart, wagon^[2][1]

Reflexes

• Old English: wægn (“wagon, cart”)^[4]
• Old Frisian: wein (“wagon”)^[10]
• Old Saxon: wagan (“cart; the Plough”)^[8]
• Old Dutch: bathwagan, a compound^[9]
• Old High German: wagan (“wagon, cart, the Great Bear”)^[5]

References

1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *wagn
2. ^ a b c d Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 565
3. ^ a b c Orel, Vladimir (2003), A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 439
4. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altenglisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. wægn
5. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, 6th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. wagan
6. ^ Ringe, Don; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English, A Linguistic History of English II, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 329
7. ^ Boutkan, Dirk; Siebinga, Sjoerd Michiel (2005), Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 1, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. s.v. wein
8. ^ a b Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altsächsisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. wagan
9. ^ a b Oudnederlands Woordenboek (2009–), Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal, Leiden; gtb.ivdnt.org, p. s.v. bathwagan
10. ^ Hofmann, Dietrich; Popkema, Anne Tjerk (2008), Altfriesisches Handwörterbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. s.v. wein