Portuguese words first recorded in the 14th century

It is inherited from Latin pēditum (“fart”), written Old Galician-Portuguese peido in the medieval texts. The same Latin word is Galician peido, Spanish pedo, Catalan pet, French pet and Italian…

Houaiss, the DLP, Aurélio and Wiktionary explain it as formed from Portuguese per- + fazer. Cunha instead derives it from Latin perficiō (“to complete, finish”), and the Porto Editora dictionary…

It is inherited from Latin perfectus (“finished, complete”), the past participle of perficiō (“to finish, accomplish”). The Latin /kt/ became /jt/, as in feito, so García de Diego counts the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *persequō, the active form that replaced Latin persequor (“to follow persistently, pursue”), a deponent verb. Houaiss reconstructs the Vulgar Latin verb as…

It is borrowed from Latin perversus (“turned the wrong way round; perverse”), a learned word. The Latin adjective is the past participle of pervertō (“to overturn, to corrupt”). Houaiss glosses the…

It is inherited from Late Latin peduclus, from peduculus, a form of pēdīculus (“louse”), the diminutive of pēdis (“louse”). Nascentes notes that the Latin diminutive suffix was exchanged in the…

It is formed from Portuguese pluma + -agem, probably under the influence of French plumage. Cunha derives it directly from the French word. The French noun, from plume, is recorded from 1265 for the…

It is inherited from Latin pōmum (“fruit; fruit tree”). Houaiss lists the Latin senses “fruit, especially one with a stone”, “any kind of fruit”, “seed” and “fruit tree”, and notes that in some…

It is borrowed from Late Latin porus (“channel, passage, pore”), which is from Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage, way across by water or land”). Lewis & Short find the Latin word in Ambrose and…

It is inherited from Latin portō (“to carry”), written Old Galician-Portuguese portar in the medieval texts. The same Latin verb is Galician portar, Spanish portar, Catalan portar, French porter…

It is borrowed from Latin possibilis (“possible, feasible”), a learned word. Nascentes calls it semi-learned. The Latin adjective was formed from possum (“to be able”) with the suffix -bilis. The…

It is inherited from Late Latin plagia (“beach, shore”), written Old Galician-Portuguese praya in the oldest texts. The Late Latin word is found in Isidore of Seville and in Gregory the Great, who…

It is inherited from Latin planctus (“a beating of the breast; lamentation”), Old Galician-Portuguese pranto and Old Galician-Portuguese planto in the old language. Nascentes explains it as a…

It is inherited from Latin praefectus (“overseer, governor, commander”), written Old Galician-Portuguese prefeito and prefecto in the oldest texts. Nascentes calls it semi-learned; Wiktionary calls…

It is borrowed from Latin praefectura (“office of a prefect, command, government”). Nascentes calls it semi-learned, since the Latin ⟨ct⟩ became /it/ as in popular words. The Latin noun is formed on…

It is borrowed from Latin praemium (“booty; reward”), first written Old Galician-Portuguese premja in the 14th century. The DDGM glossary of that chronicle explains the form from the plural of the…

It is borrowed from Latin prīvō (“to set apart; to free from; to deprive”), recorded from the 14th century. Wiktionary calls it a learned borrowing, and the REW treats the Romance verbs as learned…

It is inherited from Latin prōra (“prow”), a word borrowed from Ancient Greek πρῷρα (prôira, “forepart of a ship”). The second /r/ was lost by dissimilation, as Nascentes and Aurélio say. Houaiss…

It is borrowed from Latin profundus (“deep, bottomless”), first recorded in the 14th century. Nascentes classes it as a learned word, while Wiktionary derives it through Old Galician-Portuguese…

It is borrowed from Latin proximus (“nearest, next”), a learned word. Houaiss records the 14th-century spellings Old Galician-Portuguese prouximo and Old Galician-Portuguese proximo, and Old…

It is borrowed from Latin prūdēns (“foreseeing, aware, wise”), a learned word, first recorded in the 14th century. The Latin adjective is a contraction of prōvidēns (“foreseeing”), the present…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *pūlica, from pūlex (“flea”), written Old Galician-Portuguese pulga in the oldest texts. The same Latin word is Galician pulga, Spanish pulga, Catalan puça, French…

It is borrowed from Latin quālitās (“quality, nature”), recorded from the 14th century. Nascentes calls it semi-learned and remade on the Latin from the old form Old Galician-Portuguese calidade…

It is inherited from Late Latin racimus (“bunch of grapes”), the popular form of Latin racēmus, written Old Galician-Portuguese rrazimo in the 14th century. The form with ⟨i⟩ is recorded in the…

It is probably borrowed from Latin rārus (“loose, sparse, rare”), a learned form beside the inherited doublet ralo. The REW counts the Portuguese word, like Spanish raro, French rare and Italian…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin rattus (“rat”), first recorded in the 14th century, spelt ⟨rratos⟩. The word displaced the inherited Old Galician-Portuguese mur, from Latin mūs (“mouse”). The word…

It is inherited from Late Latin ratiōnābilis (“reasonable, rational”), written Old Galician-Portuguese razõavel in the oldest texts. Cunha, Aurélio, Vieira and the DLP also derive it from the Latin…

It is inherited from Latin recolligō (“to gather up again; to recover”), written Old Galician-Portuguese rrecoller in the 14th century. The Latin verb is formed with re- (“again”) on colligō (“to…

It is borrowed from Latin recūsō (“to object, to refuse”), a learned word. The Latin verb is formed from re- and causa (“cause, case”), and was first a legal term, “to put in an objection”. The…

It is borrowed from Spanish refrán (“refrain; proverb”), which is from Old Occitan refranh (“refrain”). The Occitan noun comes from refránher (“to restrain; to modulate”), from fránher (“to break”)…

It is inherited from Latin reiectō (“to throw back; to reject; to vomit”). Nascentes calls it a semi-learned word. Wiktionary starts from a Vulgar Latin verb formed on reiectus (“thrown back”), the…

Wiktionary, the DLP and Michaelis explain it as formed from Portuguese relíquia + -ário. Nascentes and Aurélio see in it a dissimilated *reliquiário. Wiktionary records reliquiário as a variant…

It is inherited from Latin reparō (“to recover, restore, repair”), written Old Galician-Portuguese reparar and Old Galician-Portuguese repairar in the oldest texts. Wiktionary notes that it may be a…

It is borrowed from Latin repraesentō (“to bring before one, show, make present”), a learned word first recorded in the 14th century. The Academia's dictionary glosses the Latin verb “to make…

It is borrowed from Latin resolvō (“to untie, loosen; to dissolve; to explain”), taken by the learned route. Houaiss dates the first record to the 14th century. The Latin verb is formed from re- and…

It is inherited from Latin respectus (“a looking back; regard, consideration”), and is first written Old Galician-Portuguese respeyto. The Latin noun is formed from respiciō (“to look back”), itself…

It is inherited from Latin respīrō (“to breathe out; to recover one's breath”). The Latin verb is formed from re- (“back, again”) and spīrō (“to breathe, blow”). The same Latin verb is Galician…

It is a learned borrowing, borrowed from Latin restringō (“to bind fast; to hold back, restrain”), first recorded in the 14th century. Nascentes calls it semi-learned. The Latin verb is formed from…

It is formed from Portuguese re- + tornar “to return”. DELPo compares French retourner, which was formed in the same way in French. The base tornar comes from Latin tornō (“to round off on a…

It is inherited from Latin rota (“wheel”), written Old Galician-Portuguese roda and Old Galician-Portuguese rroda in the old texts. The same Latin word is Galician roda, Spanish rueda, Catalan roda…

It is inherited from Latin rotō (“to turn round, rotate”), a verb formed on rota (“wheel”). The same Latin verb is Galician rodar, Spanish rodar, Catalan rodar, Occitan rodar, French rouer and…

It is inherited from Latin rubeus (“red, reddish”). Houaiss notes that in the spoken Latin behind the Romance languages this adjective replaced the classical ruber (“red”). Aurélio marks the…

It is inherited from Latin rūmor (“noise; common talk, rumour”). Houaiss dates the word to the 14th century, citing Cunha's index of medieval Portuguese. The same Latin word is Spanish rumor…

It is inherited from Latin sāpō (“soap”), written Old Galician-Portuguese sabon in the 14th century. The same Latin word is Galician xabón, Spanish jabón, Catalan sabó, French savon, Italian sapone…

It is inherited from Latin sabūcus (“elder tree”), a variant of sambūcus. Cortesão derived it either from the form with /mb/, with assimilation of the labials, or from the form without it. Cornu…

It is inherited from Latin sabulum (“coarse sand, gravel”), written Old Galician-Portuguese sabro in the oldest texts. Cunha gives the Latin origin as probable only. The same Latin word is Galician…

It is inherited from Latin sānō (“to heal, make sound”), through the old forms Old Galician-Portuguese sãar and, after an intermediate stage, Old Galician-Portuguese sar. The chain shows the Latin…

It is inherited from Ecclesiastical Latin secunda fēria (“second weekday”), written Old Galician-Portuguese seguda feyra in its oldest record. Nascentes, Aurélio and Aulete analyse it as the…

It is inherited from Latin saxum (“rock, boulder”), first recorded in the 14th century. The same Latin word is Galician seixo, Italian sasso and Old Leonese sejo (“stone”). Elsewhere in Romance the…

It is from Latin senātor (“member of the senate”). The 14th-century Crónica de 1344 also has Old Galician-Portuguese sanador. The same Latin word gave Galician senador, Spanish senador and Italian…

It is borrowed from Late Latin sensualitas (“the faculty of sensation”), recorded from the 14th century. Nascentes calls it semi-learned. Wikcionário analyses it in Portuguese as sensual with the…

It is formed from Portuguese sentir + -mento. Houaiss records it from the 14th century. Cunha instead derives it from Medieval Latin sentīmentum, which he records in Medieval Latin, and Wiktionary…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *serpes (“snake”), a nominative formed in place of Latin serpēns (“snake, serpent”), and is written Old Galician-Portuguese serpe in the oldest texts. Venantius…

It is inherited from Latin serpēns (“serpent, snake”), written Old Galician-Portuguese serpente in the oldest texts. The Latin noun is the present participle of serpō (“to creep, crawl”) used as a…

It is borrowed from Latin significō (“to show by signs, to indicate”), a learned word. The Latin verb is formed from signum (“sign, token”) and -ficō (“to make”). The medieval spellings Old…

It is borrowed from Latin silentium (“silence, stillness”), first recorded in the 14th century. Nascentes calls it semi-learned. Wiktionary notes that it displaced the inherited word Old…

It is inherited from Latin superō (“to rise above, surmount; to overcome; to be left over”), written Old Galician-Portuguese sobrar in the oldest texts. Aurélio calls it the popular outcome of the…

Its origin is disputed. Houaiss reports the view of Cunha and Machado that it is a formation from Portuguese sogra (“mother-in-law”), and notes that the dates do not contradict it: the feminine is…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *sola, the Vulgar Latin form that took the place of classical Latin solea (“sandal”), and is written Old Galician-Portuguese sola in the oldest texts. Nascentes…

It is borrowed from Italian soldato, first recorded in the 14th century. The Italian word, recorded from 1353, first meant a man who bore arms for pay, a mercenary; it is the past participle of…