Etymology and origin of the Romanian word încăpere
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Derivation
- First attested
- 1642 a Govora print cited by Tiktin More words from the 17th century
- Ultimate origin
- Latin capiō
Forms
încăpere f (plural încăperi)[1]
Etymology
It is formed from Romanian încăpea + -re, the long infinitive of the verb “to fit, to be contained”.[2][3][1] Ciorănescu lists it among the derivatives of încăpea, with încăpător “roomy” and neîncăpător “cramped”.[4]
The verb goes back to Latin: Ciorănescu, after Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu and the REW, starts from Latin capēre (“to take, hold”), a form of the second conjugation, while MDA2 and Wiktionary reconstruct a compound with the prefix, Vulgar Latin *incapēre.[4][2][1] Wiktionary allows that the prefix în- may also have been added in Romanian.[1] The verb survives in Aromanian ncap and Megleno-Romanian ncap, and its Romance cognates include Italian capere, Spanish caber and Portuguese caber.[4]
Earliest recorded meaning
Tiktin's first record of the noun is a Govora print of 1642.[3] In the older language it meant the room something has inside it, its capacity: a Menaion of 1776 has „Ai fost încăpearea Dumnezeirii ceii neîncăpute” “you were the container of the uncontainable Godhead”.[3]
Semantic evolution
The old senses were abstract: the usable volume of a vessel, space in general, and, in set phrases, semnul încăperii “the sign of enclosure”, i.e. a parenthesis, and de încăpere mare “roomy”.[2] Another old sense, the conception of a child, follows the verb's sense “to take in”: the Lexicon of Buda (1825) glosses the word with Latin “conceptio”.[2][5][4]
The concrete sense “room, chamber” is in Pontbriant's dictionary of 1862 beside “capacity”, and Barcianu glosses it with German “Gemach”.[6][7] Scriban gives both uses: the heart has four încăperi, a house has eight.[8] Today “room” is the main sense, and the others are dated.[9][2]
Timeline
- 1642 – first record, in a Govora print.[3]
- 1776 – încăpearea “the container” in a Menaion.[3]
- 1825 – the Lexicon of Buda glosses it “conceptio”.[5]
- 1862 – Pontbriant gives “capacity” and “room”.[6]
Meanings
Noun
- A room or chamber of a building: o casă cu trei încăperi “a house with three rooms”.[9][2][10]
- The volume, space or capacity of a thing, of a vessel.[9][2]
- (obsolete) The conception of a child.[2][4]
- (obsolete) In semnul încăperii: a parenthesis.[2]
Related words
- încăpea
- încăpător
- neîncăpător
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1204
- ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. încăpere
- ^ a b c d e Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. încăpea
- ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 288
- ^ a b Pontbriant, Raoul de (1862), Dictiunaru romano-francesu, Bucuresci: A. Ulrich / Göttingen: Dieterich, p. 330
- ^ Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 302
- ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 679
- ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 538
- ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 592
Cite this entry
“Încăpere.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/%C3%AEnc%C4%83pere. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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