Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word quando

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1200s More words from the 13th century
Inherited from
Latin quando
Ultimate origin
Latin quandō
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin quam
Portuguese quão
Romanian ca
Romanian cam
Latin quandō
Aromanian cãndu
French quand
Italian quando
Portuguese quando
Romanian când
Spanish cuando
Spanish cuándo
From the same root
Italian quasi ← quam
Latin antequam ← quam
Latin nēquam ← quam
Latin perquam ← quam
Latin posteāquam ← quam
Latin postquam ← quam
Latin praeterquam ← quam
Latin priusquam ← quam
Latin quamdiū ← quam
Latin quamlibet ← quam
Latin quamprīmum ← quam
Latin quamquam ← quam
Latin quamvīs ← quam
Latin quasi ← quam
Latin tamquam ← quam
Romanian dacă ← ca
Romanian deocamdată ← cam
Latin aliquandō ← quandō
Latin ecquandō ← quandō
Latin quandōcumque ← quandō
Latin quandōque ← quandō
Latin quandōquidem ← quandō
Romanian cândva ← când
Romanian nicicând ← când
Romanian oricând ← când

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /ˈkwɐ̃.du/[1]
  • Portugal: /ˈkwɐ̃.du/[1]
  • /ˈkɐ̃(n).du/, /ˈkã(n).du/[1]

Forms

quando (not comparable)[1] Houaiss records cãdo and coamdo from the 14th century;[2][1] Wiktionary lists quãdo, cuando, coando and the dialect forms quanu and quano.[2][1] The old and popular form cando is in the Corte Imperial.[3][4]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin quandō (“when”), written Old Galician-Portuguese quando in the oldest texts.[2][4][1] Nascentes takes the modern form as remade on the Latin spelling from the old Old Galician-Portuguese cando, which lives on in popular speech.[4]

The same Latin word is Galician cando, Spanish cuando, Catalan quan, French quand, Italian quando and Romanian când.[5][1]

The Latin adverb is a univerbation of quam (“how, as”) and a particle *dō (“then, until”), from *doh₁, the instrumental of a pronoun *de.[1][6]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss's first date, 1114, comes from a Latin charter, where the word is Latin.[2] The conjunction is dated to the 13th century.[2] In the Cancioneiro da Ajuda it is both an adverb, “at what moment” (Deus! e quand' ensandecerei, “God! when shall I go mad?”), and a conjunction, “at the time when” with the indicative and “in case” with the subjunctive.[7]

Semantic evolution

The old language already had de quand' en quando “from time to time” and quando ... quando “now … now”.[7][8] Barbosa's dictionary of 1611 lists quando quer que “whenever” and de quando em quando.[9] Modern Portuguese also uses it as a conjunction of condition (“if”) and of concession (“although”), and as a relative after a noun of time.[10][11] A poetic noun o quando “the when” is recorded already in the cantigas.[12][1]

Kabuverdianu kuándu and kántu, Guinea-Bissau Creole kuandu and Principense kanu come from the Portuguese word.[1]

Timeline

  • 1114 – quando in a Latin charter.[2]
  • 13th century – first records of the conjunction; the cantigas use the word.[2][7]
  • 14th century – the spellings cãdo and coamdo.[2]
  • c. 1350 – the Trasladação de S. Nicolau (witness of the 14th century), the first CTA text with the word.[13]
  • 1611 – Barbosa lists quando quer que and de quando em quando.[9]

Meanings

Adverb

  1. when, at what time, in direct and indirect questions: Quando voltas?[2][1][14]
  2. (relative) When, in which: no ano quando nos conhecemos.[1][11]

Conjunction

  1. When, at the time that; whenever: Quando chove, fico em casa.[1][15]
  2. If, in case.[15][10]
  3. Although, even though.[15][11]
  4. whereas, while on the contrary.[1][15]

Noun

  1. (poetic) A point or period in time.[1]

Usage notes

Common phrases are de quando em quando and de vez em quando “now and then”, and quando de “at the time of”.[14][15] Silva Bastos lists a separate noun quando, a Brazilian spiny rodent, from Tupi.[16]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. quando
  3. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1955), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, vol. 1: Nomes comuns, Rio de Janeiro (1st ed. 1932, preface by W. Meyer-Lübke), p. 425
  4. ^ a b c Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. quando
  5. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
  6. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  7. ^ a b c Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. quando
  8. ^ Universo Cantigas: Glosario da poesía medieval profana galego-portuguesa, A Coruña: Instituto da Lingua e Literatura (ILLA), Universidade da Coruña, https://www.universocantigas.gal, p. s.v. quando1
  9. ^ a b Barbosa, Agostinho (1611), Dictionarium lusitanicolatinum, Braga: Fructuoso Lourenço de Basto (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. quando
  10. ^ a b Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. quando
  11. ^ a b c Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. quando
  12. ^ Universo Cantigas: Glosario da poesía medieval profana galego-portuguesa, A Coruña: Instituto da Lingua e Literatura (ILLA), Universidade da Coruña, https://www.universocantigas.gal, p. s.v. quando2
  13. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. quando
  14. ^ a b Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. quando
  15. ^ a b c d e Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 7629
  16. ^ Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. quando

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Quando.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/quando. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

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