Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word quando
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- First attested
- 1200s More words from the 13th century
- Inherited from
- Latin quando
- Ultimate origin
- Latin quandō
Etymology tree
From the same root
Forms
quando (not comparable)[1] Houaiss records cãdo and coamdo from the 14th century;[2][1] Wiktionary lists quãdo, cuando, coando and the dialect forms quanu and quano.[2][1] The old and popular form cando is in the Corte Imperial.[3][4]
Etymology
It is inherited from Latin quandō (“when”), written Old Galician-Portuguese quando in the oldest texts.[2][4][1] Nascentes takes the modern form as remade on the Latin spelling from the old Old Galician-Portuguese cando, which lives on in popular speech.[4]
The same Latin word is Galician cando, Spanish cuando, Catalan quan, French quand, Italian quando and Romanian când.[5][1]
The Latin adverb is a univerbation of quam (“how, as”) and a particle *dō (“then, until”), from *doh₁, the instrumental of a pronoun *de.[1][6]
Earliest recorded meaning
Houaiss's first date, 1114, comes from a Latin charter, where the word is Latin.[2] The conjunction is dated to the 13th century.[2] In the Cancioneiro da Ajuda it is both an adverb, “at what moment” (Deus! e quand' ensandecerei, “God! when shall I go mad?”), and a conjunction, “at the time when” with the indicative and “in case” with the subjunctive.[7]
Semantic evolution
The old language already had de quand' en quando “from time to time” and quando ... quando “now … now”.[7][8] Barbosa's dictionary of 1611 lists quando quer que “whenever” and de quando em quando.[9] Modern Portuguese also uses it as a conjunction of condition (“if”) and of concession (“although”), and as a relative after a noun of time.[10][11] A poetic noun o quando “the when” is recorded already in the cantigas.[12][1]
Kabuverdianu kuándu and kántu, Guinea-Bissau Creole kuandu and Principense kanu come from the Portuguese word.[1]
Timeline
- 1114 – quando in a Latin charter.[2]
- 13th century – first records of the conjunction; the cantigas use the word.[2][7]
- 14th century – the spellings cãdo and coamdo.[2]
- c. 1350 – the Trasladação de S. Nicolau (witness of the 14th century), the first CTA text with the word.[13]
- 1611 – Barbosa lists quando quer que and de quando em quando.[9]
Meanings
Adverb
- when, at what time, in direct and indirect questions: Quando voltas?[2][1][14]
- (relative) When, in which: no ano quando nos conhecemos.[1][11]
Conjunction
- When, at the time that; whenever: Quando chove, fico em casa.[1][15]
- If, in case.[15][10]
- Although, even though.[15][11]
- whereas, while on the contrary.[1][15]
Noun
- (poetic) A point or period in time.[1]
Related words
Usage notes
Common phrases are de quando em quando and de vez em quando “now and then”, and quando de “at the time of”.[14][15] Silva Bastos lists a separate noun quando, a Brazilian spiny rodent, from Tupi.[16]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. quando
- ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1955), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, vol. 1: Nomes comuns, Rio de Janeiro (1st ed. 1932, preface by W. Meyer-Lübke), p. 425
- ^ a b c Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. quando
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. quando
- ^ Universo Cantigas: Glosario da poesía medieval profana galego-portuguesa, A Coruña: Instituto da Lingua e Literatura (ILLA), Universidade da Coruña, https://www.universocantigas.gal, p. s.v. quando1
- ^ a b Barbosa, Agostinho (1611), Dictionarium lusitanicolatinum, Braga: Fructuoso Lourenço de Basto (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. quando
- ^ a b Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. quando
- ^ a b c Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. quando
- ^ Universo Cantigas: Glosario da poesía medieval profana galego-portuguesa, A Coruña: Instituto da Lingua e Literatura (ILLA), Universidade da Coruña, https://www.universocantigas.gal, p. s.v. quando2
- ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. quando
- ^ a b Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. quando
- ^ a b c d e Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 7629
- ^ Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. quando
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Quando.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/quando. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
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