Romanian words first recorded in the 16th century

It is inherited from Latin ager (“field, land”), continuing the accusative agrum. The Latin word comes from *h₂éǵros, like Ancient Greek ἀγρός (agrós) and Old English æcer. It survives south of the…

It is generally inherited from Vulgar Latin *allargō (“to go off into the distance”), a verb formed on largus (“abundant, generous, (late) wide”), whose late sense “wide” led to “far”, the sense the…

It is inherited from Latin allevātum (“raised”), the neuter of the past participle of allevō (“to lift up, raise”), itself from levō (“to lighten, raise”) and levis (“light”). Pușcariu, Candrea and…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *aminduī, from the phrase Latin ambō (“both”) duo (“two”), with the inflection regularised as ⟨ambī duī⟩ and a nasal carried forward from the first syllable. The…

Its origin is uncertain; the explanation DELR favours is that it is inherited from Latin aucupor (“to go bird-catching; to try to catch”), with the diphthong simplified and a metathesis. This…

It is inherited from Late Latin arātūra (“ploughing”), from arō (“to plough”). DEX and NODEX instead derive it within Romanian, from Romanian ara + -ătură. The Latin verb is from Proto-Indo-European…

It is inherited from Latin asina (“she-ass”), the feminine of asinus (“donkey”). It survives in Istro-Romanian åseră. The DA compares Italian asina, Spanish asna and Portuguese asna.

It is inherited from Latin asternō (“to stretch out on, to lie prone”), formed on ad- and sternō (“to spread, to strew”). It survives in all four branches: Aromanian așternu, Megleno-Romanian ștern…

It is inherited from Latin ad suprā (“over, above”), made of ad (“to”) and suprā (“above”), which comes from super (“above, over”). Ciorănescu gives the sister-branch forms Aromanian asupră and…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum tantum (“see, so much”), a compound of Latin eccum (“here he is”) and tantum (“so much”). The first syllable of compounds with this particle regularly became…

It is inherited from Latin ūva (“grape, bunch of grapes”), with a prothetic a-: ⟨*úă⟩ became ⟨aúă⟩ and then ⟨áuă⟩. Tiktin compares the same a- in Aromanian aumbră. The word survives south of the…

It is borrowed from Bulgarian ба (ba), a particle that also spread to Serbo-Croatian ba, Polish ba, Ukrainian ба (ba) and Russian ба (ba). MDA2 and DEX name several Slavic languages as the source…

DEX, MDA2, Tiktin and the DLRM take it as formed from Romanian bea + -tor. DELR gives this view and Pușcariu's, who took it from Vulgar Latin *bibitōrius, an equivalent of Latin bibitor (“a heavy…

Its formation is disputed. Ciorănescu takes it as a later form from Romanian bețiu (“drunkard; intoxicating”), itself formed from Romanian beat (“drunk”) + -iu, with the same change of ending as in…

It is borrowed from Bulgarian болнав (bolnav). Ciorănescu follows Cihac in this and compares Romanian boală and boli. In Bulgarian the word is a derivative of болен (bolen, “sick”), Old Church…

It is formed from Romanian boteza + -ător, “who baptizes”. Wiktionary also allows a direct inheritance from Late Latin baptizātor (“baptizer”). The verb itself continues Latin baptizō (“to…

It is inherited from Latin carnem ligat (“it binds the meat”), a phrase formed on carō (“meat”) and ligō (“to bind”). The verb has the sense “forbid”, as Romanian lega does, against dezlega “allow”…

It is inherited from Latin cēna (“meal, dinner”). The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian țină, Megleno-Romanian țină and Istro-Romanian cirę. Its Romance cognates include Italian cena…

It is inherited from Latin comparō (“to prepare, procure; to buy”), a verb formed with con- on parō (“to prepare, procure”). Latin already used it in the sense “to buy”, and that is the sense it has…

Its origin is not certain. Most sources take it as inherited from Vulgar Latin *cotītus (“whetted, sharpened”), from a verb *cotiō (“to sharpen”), formed on Latin cōs (“whetstone”): this is the view…

It is a Romanian compound, from Romanian de + ca (“when, as”), first stressed on its second part. DELR follows Meyer-Lübke, Tiktin, Drăganu and the DA in this view, and explains that the conjunction…

It is either inherited from Vulgar Latin *diffāmia (“defamation”), formed like Latin īnfāmia (“disgrace”), or a back-formation from Romanian defăima. Pușcariu, Rosetti, Candrea and Densusianu…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *diffāmiāre (“to defame”), a form of Latin diffāmō (“to spread a report; to defame”) with an /i/ taken from a noun *diffāmia, itself modelled on īnfāmia…

DELR and DEX take it as inherited from Latin discuneō, a verb attested in Latin only in its participle discuneātus, from dis- and cuneō (“to split or wedge with a wedge”), from cuneus (“wedge…

Its Latin source is disputed. Ciorănescu, the DLR and DEX 2009 take it as inherited from Latin dispectō (“to consider, examine”), a frequentative of dispiciō (“to look about, discern”), which is…

It is probably inherited from Vulgar Latin *disbracō, a verb formed in Latin on brāca (“breeches”). Candrea and Densusianu took it straight from Latin in this way. DELR calls it instead a very old…

It is inherited from Latin dominica (“(the day) of the Lord”), short for the Christian Latin diēs Dominica, a phrase modelled on Ancient Greek κυριακή (kuriakḗ). The adjective comes from dominus…

It is the long infinitive of the verb used as a noun, formed from Romanian durea + -re. The verb is from Latin doleō (“to hurt, feel pain”). MDA2 instead derives the noun from Latin dolor (“pain”)…

Ciorănescu takes it as borrowed from Latin fāma (“talk, report, reputation”), a learned word of the 19th century shaped on the older verb defăima “to defame”, and doubts a direct inheritance. The DA…

It is inherited from Latin farīna (“flour, meal”). Ciorănescu explains the modern form through the variants still recorded: Latin /r/ between vowels gave fărină, which is still said in Transylvania…

Its origin is disputed: DEX and MDA2 call it of unknown origin. Ciorănescu derives it inherited from Latin feriō (“to strike”), which he finds in Cicero with the sense “to keep, respect”. Tiktin and…

It is inherited from Latin fervēns (“boiling, hot”), the present participle of ferveō (“to boil”). Candrea and Densusianu point out that the regular outcome would have been ⟨ferbinte⟩, and explain…

It is a denominal verb from Romanian fluier (“shepherd's pipe, whistle”), the view of the Academy dictionaries, Tiktin and DEX. Ciorănescu turns the relation round: he takes the verb as an…

Its origin is disputed. One view takes it as inherited from Vulgar Latin *franctura, a by-form of Latin frāctūra (“a breaking, fracture”), itself formed on frangō (“to break”). Candrea and…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *granuceum, a diminutive of Latin grānum (“grain”), through the older singular grăunț. Ciorănescu gives *granutium beside the form in ⟨-uceum⟩ of Densusianu…

It is formed from Romanian ia + că, the interjection ia “look” and the conjunction că. Tiktin calls this derivation possible and notes that old texts sometimes write the two parts apart; he compares…

It is inherited from Latin hīberna (“winter quarters, wintry times”), short for the phrase tempora hīberna (“wintry times”). Wiktionary and NODEX start from the singular, Late Latin hībernum…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *impācō (“to pacify”), a prefixed form of pācō (“to make peaceful, pacify”), as MDA2 and DEX give it. Ciorănescu and the DA think instead that the prefix în- was…

It is probably inherited from Vulgar Latin *quētō (“to quieten”), a form of the Late Latin verb quiētō, with the Romanian prefix în-. The Latin verb was made on Latin quiētus (“quiet, calm”) and…

1. The word for “catch fire, heat up” is inherited from Latin incendō (“to set on fire, kindle”). Ciorănescu follows Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu, the REW and the DA, and compares Italian…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *incuneō, a verb with the prefix in- built on Latin cuneō (“to fasten with wedges”), which is derived from cuneus (“wedge”). Ciorănescu and the REW start from the…

DEX, MDA2 and Wikționar take it as a formation from Romanian în- + frunză. Tiktin also derives it from frunză. Densusianu, Pușcariu and Candrea–Densusianu instead see in it a Latin verb Vulgar Latin…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *ingenuculō (“to kneel”), the popular form of Latin ingeniculō, formed on geniculum (“knee”). Wiktionary gives a shortened *ingenuclō as the immediate source. The…

It is inherited from Latin angustus (“narrow”). The Latin adjective goes back to Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”), through a neuter s-stem noun. The adjective survives in Aromanian and…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *inuxōrō (“to take a wife”), a verb made on Latin uxor (“wife”); the DEX gives it as probable, and the DA, MDA2 and Candrea–Densusianu reconstruct it too. They…

It is inherited from Latin intingō (“to dip in”), formed on tingō (“to wet, dip, dye”). Ciorănescu derives it from the simple verb, and MDA2 from Romanian în- and the simple verb. The REW sets it…

It is inherited from Latin iocus (“joke, jest”). In Latin the word meant a jest in words, while a game in action was lūdus; the Romance languages gave it the sense of play. The sense of dance comes…

It is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic ловити (loviti, “to hunt, catch, fish”), from Proto-Slavic *loviti (“(to try to) catch”). Ciorănescu follows Miklosich, Cihac and Berneker and compares…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *lūcīre, a fourth-conjugation variant of Latin lūceō (“to shine”). Tiktin notes that the change of conjugation is widespread in Romance. The Latin verb belongs with…

For DEX, Scriban, Șăineanu and Graur it is inherited from Latin lūminōsus (“full of light”). DLR and MDA2 form it from Romanian lumină + -os. Tiktin allows both, and adds that the word at least…

It is borrowed from Latin lūnāticus (“moonstruck, epileptic”), and in its modern senses also borrowed from French lunatique. The neologism dictionaries add Italian lunatico. Tiktin thinks the word…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *lūnis, an analogical form of diēs Lūnae (“day of the Moon”) made after Mārtis and Iovis, the genitives in the names of Tuesday and Thursday. The Latin phrase is a…

It is inherited from Late Latin māchinō (“to grind”), the Late Latin verb formed on Latin māchina (“machine; mill”). The classical verb was the deponent māchinor (“to devise, contrive”), which…

It is inherited from Latin marītō (“to give in marriage, marry”), formed on marītus (“husband”), which survived in Old Romanian as the noun mărit “husband”. It survives in all four branches…

It is inherited from Latin mēnsūra (“measuring, measure”). The Latin noun is formed on mētior (“to measure”) with -tūra. The word survives south of the Danube: Aromanian misură and Megleno-Romanian…

It is inherited from Latin miserēre (“to have pity”), the Latin infinitive kept as a noun. Tiktin finds the survival of the infinitive as a noun very striking. Wiktionary instead supposes a lost…

It is inherited from Latin mola (“millstone; mill”). The Latin word comes from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”). It survives south of the Danube: Aromanian moarã and Megleno-Romanian…

It is inherited from Latin morticīna (“carrion”), the feminine of morticīnus (“of an animal that died, dead”), used as a noun. Scriban explains the noun by an implied caro (“flesh”). The ending…

It is inherited from Latin nāris (“nostril; nose”). The Latin word is related to nāsus (“nose”), with /s/ turned to /r/ between vowels, and goes back to Proto-Indo-European *Hneh₂-s- (“nose”). It…

Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu take it as inherited from Vulgar Latin *negōtiāre, the active form of negōtior (“to do business, trade”); Ciorănescu derives it instead from Romanian negoț. DEX, DLR…