Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word despeito

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1200s the cantigas More words from the 13th century
Inherited from
Latin despectus
Ultimate origin
Latin dēspiciō
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin speciō
Latin dēspiciō
Latin dēspectus
Italian dispetto
Old French despit
French dépit
Dutch spijt
English despite
Portuguese despeito
Spanish despecho
From the same root
Latin aspiciō ← speciō
Latin circumspiciō ← speciō
Latin cōnspectus ← speciō
Latin cōnspiciō ← speciō
Latin cōnspicor ← speciō
Latin dispiciō ← speciō
Latin haruspex ← speciō
Latin īnspiciō ← speciō
Latin intrōspiciō ← speciō
Latin perspiciō ← speciō
Latin prōspiciō ← speciō
Latin respiciō ← speciō
Latin retrospiciō ← speciō
Latin speciēs ← speciō
Latin specimen ← speciō
Latin spectō ← speciō
Latin spectrum ← speciō
Latin spectus ← speciō
Latin specula ← speciō
Latin speculum ← speciō
Latin suspiciō ← speciō
Romanian aștepta ← speciō
Romanian specie ← speciō
Latin dēspectō ← dēspiciō
English spiteful ← despit
English spite ← despite

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /desˈpej.tu/, [desˈpeɪ̯.tu], /d͡ʒisˈpej.tu/[1]
  • Rio-de-Janeiro: /deʃˈpej.tu/, [deʃˈpeɪ̯.tu], /d͡ʒiʃˈpej.tu/[1]
  • Portugal: /dɨʃˈpɐj.tu/[1]
  • Northern, Portugal: /dɨʃˈpej.tu/[1]

Forms

despeito m (plural despeitos)[1] Houaiss records despeito and despeyto in the 13th century and despeucto and despeto in the 14th.[2]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin dēspectus (“a looking down; contempt”), written Old Galician-Portuguese despeito in the oldest texts.[2][3][1] The Latin noun comes from the supine of dēspiciō (“to look down on, despise”).[2][3][1]

The same Latin word is Galician despeito, Spanish despecho, Catalan despit, French dépit and Italian dispetto.[4][1]

Nascentes suggests that the sense moved from “contempt” to “resentment at an offence” perhaps because speakers saw peito “breast” in the word.[5] Morais (1813) thought the word came from the French word.[6]

Earliest recorded meaning

In the 13th-century cantigas the word means anger or annoyance, often in aver despeito de alguém “to be angry with someone”.[7] A cantiga of Johan Airas has el ouve de min despeito / e mandou-me desafiar “he was angry with me and had me challenged”, and the Cantigas de Santa Maria say of a man struck dumb ca Deus ouve del despeito “for God was angry with him”.[7]

Semantic evolution

Medieval texts also have fazer despeito “to offend” and con despeito “angrily”.[7] Morais (1789) gives the senses “anger, passion” and “grief” and the phrase em teu despeito “in spite of you”, and his 1813 edition adds “contempt”.[8][6] Bluteau (1712) already has a despeito or em despeito de alguém “against someone's will”.[9] The modern sense is a resentment mixed with anger or envy, caused by a slight or by seeing another preferred.[2][10] The phrase a despeito de has become a preposition, “in spite of”.[2][11]

Timeline

  • 13th century – the cantigas use despeito for anger or annoyance.[7][3]
  • 1450 – the Livro das tres vertudes is the first text with the word in the CTA corpus.[12]
  • 1712 – Bluteau records a despeito and em despeito de.[9]
  • 1789 – Morais defines it as “anger, passion”.[8]
  • 1871 – Vieira gives a despeito de “in spite of”.[13]

Meanings

Noun

  1. resentment or pique at a slight, a humiliation or an offence.[2][11][1]
  2. Vexation mixed with anger, envy or jealousy (ciúme), at seeing another preferred or at a disappointment.[2][14][1]

Word family

  • despeitar
  • despeitoso

Usage notes

A despeito de (also em despeito de) means “in spite of, notwithstanding”.[2][14]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. despeito
  3. ^ a b c Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. despeito
  4. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 2598
  5. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. despeito
  6. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 1, 594
  7. ^ a b c d Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. despeito
  8. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 422
  9. ^ a b Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. despeito
  10. ^ Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. despeito
  11. ^ a b Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. despeito
  12. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. despeito
  13. ^ Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 2, 924
  14. ^ a b Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. despeito

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Despeito.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/despeito. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·