Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word desfazer

Confidence
Established
Formation
Derivation
First attested
1200s More words from the 13th century
Ultimate origins
Portuguese des-Proto-Italic *fak-i-
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin faciō
Aromanian fac
Catalan fer
French faire
Italian fare
Portuguese fazer
Portuguese desfazer
Romanian face
Spanish hacer
From the same root
English surfeit ← faciō
French affaire ← faciō
French défaire ← faciō
Latin afficiō ← faciō
Latin assuefacio ← faciō
Latin calefaciō ← faciō
Latin clārificus ← faciō
Latin commonefaciō ← faciō
Latin cōnficiō ← faciō
Latin dēficiō ← faciō
Latin disfaciō ← faciō
Latin efficiō ← faciō
Latin facessō ← faciō
Latin facibilis ← faciō
Latin facienda ← faciō
Latin faciēs ← faciō
Latin facilis ← faciō
Latin facinus ← faciō
Latin factiō ← faciō
Latin factitō ← faciō
Latin factor ← faciō
Latin factūra ← faciō
Latin factus ← faciō
Latin fortificō ← faciō
Latin frīgefactō ← faciō
Latin īnficiō ← faciō
Latin interficiō ← faciō
Latin iūstificō ← faciō
Latin labefaciō ← faciō
Latin liquefaciō ← faciō
See all derived words →

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /des.faˈze(ʁ)/, [des.faˈze(h)], /d͡ʒis.faˈze(ʁ)/[1]
  • São-Paulo: /des.faˈze(ɾ)/, /d͡ʒis.faˈze(ɾ)/[1]
  • Rio-de-Janeiro: /deʃ.faˈze(ʁ)/, [deʃ.faˈze(χ)], /d͡ʒiʃ.faˈze(ʁ)/[1]
  • Caipira: /des.faˈze(ɻ)/, /d͡ʒis.faˈze(ɻ)/[1]

Forms

desfazer (first-person singular present desfaço, first-person singular preterite desfiz, past participle desfeito)[1] Old forms are desfaçer and desffazer (14th century), defazer and desfezer (15th century).[2]

Etymology

It is formed from Portuguese des- + fazer.[2][3][4] Wiktionary traces it through Old Galician-Portuguese desfazer to an early medieval Medieval Latin disfaciō.[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss's earliest date, 1124, comes from Machado and shows the forms desfaza and desfaça; the 13th century has desfazer.[2][5] In the Crónica Troiana the verb means “to tear” the face and breast in mourning, “to take apart” ships to rebuild them, and “to make good” a wrong.[6] The cantigas also use it for “to criticise, to find fault with” a song.[7][6]

Semantic evolution

The sense “to criticise” of the cantigas, which Nunes noted was still alive in his day as desfazer em, survives in desfazer de or em “to belittle”.[6][2] Cardoso (1569) glosses the verb with Latin destruo, and Barbosa (1611) with rescindo “to annul”, with phrases for breaking off a friendship or a partnership.[8][9] Morais (1813) adds “to disband” an army or fleet and “to strip” someone of a rank.[10] Modern dictionaries list many concrete and figurative senses, from undoing a knot or dissolving sugar to annulling a contract, and the reflexive desfazer-se de “to get rid of”.[2][11][12] In Portugal it also means to cut up a slaughtered pig.[13]

Timeline

  • 1124 – Houaiss's earliest date, after Machado: desfaza, desfaça.[2]
  • 13th century – desfazer.[2][5]
  • c. 1431 – the Vida do honrado Infante Josafat (witness 1431–1446).[14]
  • 1569 – Cardoso glosses it destruo.[8]
  • 1611 – Barbosa glosses it rescindo and lists desfazer amizades.[9]
  • 1813 – Morais records desfazer a armada “to disband the fleet”.[10]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To undo, take apart or dismantle what was made: desfazer uma estante.[2][11][1]
  2. To put out of order; to untie, unwrap or unpick: desfazer o laço.[2][15][1]
  3. To break into pieces; to rout an enemy.[2][11]
  4. To dissolve or melt in a liquid;[2][16][1] (pronominal) to melt away, to vanish.[2][16][1]
  5. (figurative) To annul, cancel: desfazer a venda.[2][12]
  6. To clear up a doubt or mystery; to refute an argument.[2][17]
  7. (pronominal, with de) To get rid of, to part with: desfez-se da casa.[2][12][1]
  8. (pronominal, with em) To show something lavishly: desfazer-se em lágrimas.[2][12]
  9. (with de or em) To belittle, make light of.[2][17]

Word family

  • desfazimento
  • desfeita

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. desfazer
  3. ^ Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. desfazer
  4. ^ Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. desfazer
  5. ^ a b Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. fazer
  6. ^ a b c Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. desfazer
  7. ^ Universo Cantigas: Glosario da poesía medieval profana galego-portuguesa, A Coruña: Instituto da Lingua e Literatura (ILLA), Universidade da Coruña, https://www.universocantigas.gal, p. s.v. desfazer
  8. ^ a b Cardoso, Jerónimo (1569–1570), Dictionarium ex lusitanico in latinum sermonem, Lisboa: João Álvares (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. desfazer
  9. ^ a b Barbosa, Agostinho (1611), Dictionarium lusitanicolatinum, Braga: Fructuoso Lourenço de Basto (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. desfazer
  10. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 1, 580
  11. ^ a b c Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. desfazer
  12. ^ a b c d Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 2969
  13. ^ Instituto da Lingua Galega, Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (TLPGP), Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/tesouro, p. s.v. desfazer
  14. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. desfazer
  15. ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. desfazer
  16. ^ a b Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. desfazer
  17. ^ a b Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. desfazer
Cite this entry

“Desfazer.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/desfazer. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·