deslocar

Forms

deslocar (first-person singular present desloco, first-person singular preterite desloquei, past participle deslocado)^[1]

Etymology

Houaiss and Priberam analyse it as from Portuguese des- + locar, the second part coming from Latin locō (“to place”), from locus (“place”).^{[2][3][4][5][6]} Wiktionary instead sees the whole verb as borrowed from Medieval Latin dislocō (“to move from its place”), formed with dis-.^[1] Medieval Latin used the verb especially of bones put out of joint.^[7][8] Houaiss dates the verb to 1660 and Cunha to the 17th century, while Houaiss records locar itself, in the sense “to rent”, only from 1881.^[2][9][10]

García de Diego calls Spanish dislocar a learned word, beside the popular Aragonese deslogar of Aragon.^[11][11] Portuguese dialects have a popular desnocar (“to sprain”), which the REW lists under the Latin verb.^[12] De Vaan leaves the origin of the Latin noun open.^[13][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss dates the first record to 1660.^[2] Morais (1813) quotes Francisco Manuel's Epanáforas for a figurative sense, “to put a word out of its proper place”.^[14] Bluteau (1712–1728) defines the verb for bones and limbs: to put out of their natural place and joints, as in deslocar hum braço.^[15]

Semantic evolution

In the 18th and early 19th centuries the dictionaries give the bone-setter's sense first, with the transferred senses of misplacing a word.^[15][14] The general sense “to move from one place to another” is in Aulete's first edition and in Figueiredo, together with “to transfer” and the reflexive deslocar-se “to move, travel”.^[16][17][2] The modern dictionaries add linguistic and computing senses.^[2][18]

Timeline

• 1660 – first record, according to Houaiss.^[2]
• 17th century – Cunha's date for the verb.^[9]
• 1712–1728 – Bluteau enters deslocar or dislocar a bone or a limb.^[15]
• 1813 – Morais adds the figurative sense of misplacing a word.^[14]
• 1899 – Figueiredo defines it as “to move from one place to another; to put out of joint”.^[17]

Meanings

Verb

1. To move something from the place where it was; to shift, to divert (desviar): Deslocámos o sofá para junto da janela.^[2][6][1]
2. To transfer people or a person to another place or post: A empresa deslocou dois técnicos para o Porto.^[2][6][19]
3. (medicine) To put a bone out of its joint; to dislocate, desconjuntar: deslocar o ombro.^[2][3][1]
4. (reflexive) To move; to go from one place to another, to travel: Desloca-se de comboio para o trabalho.^[16][20][21]
5. (reflexive) To come loose, become detached.^[6][16]
6. (linguistics) To move a constituent from its place in the sentence.^[2]

Word family

• deslocação
• deslocamento
• deslocado

Related words

• locar
• lugar
• colocar
• Latin locus
• Spanish dislocar

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. deslocar
3. ^ a b Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. deslocar
4. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. deslocar
5. ^ Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. deslocar
6. ^ a b c d Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. deslocar
7. ^ du Cange, Charles du Fresne, et al. (1883–1887), Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis, augmented ed. by Léopold Favre, Niort: L. Favre, p. s.v. dislocare
8. ^ Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. dislocare
9. ^ a b Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. locação
10. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. locar
11. ^ a b García de Diego, Vicente (1985), Diccionario etimológico español e hispánico, 2nd ed., Madrid: Espasa-Calpe (1st ed. 1954), p. s.v. dislocare
12. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. locare
13. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill, p. s.v. locus
14. ^ a b c Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 1, 586
15. ^ a b c Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. deslocar
16. ^ a b c Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. deslocar
17. ^ a b Figueiredo, Cândido de (1899), Novo diccionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Tavares Cardoso & Irmão, p. 426
18. ^ Wikcionário (Portuguese Wiktionary), pt.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. deslocar
19. ^ Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. deslocar
20. ^ Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 3004
21. ^ Schlee, Aldyr Garcia (2019), Dicionário da Cultura Pampeana Sul-Rio-Grandense, 2 vols., Pelotas: Fructos do Paiz, p. 1, s.v. deslocar