collectivus

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [kɔl.leːkˈtiː.wʊs]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kol.lekˈtiː.vus]^[1]

Forms

collēctīvus (feminine collēctīva, neuter collēctīvum); first/second-declension adjective^[1]

Etymology

It is from ⟨collēctus⟩, the participle of colligō “to gather together”, with the suffix -īvus.^[2][1][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's first source is Seneca, whom he dates 4 BC–65 AD.^[4]

Semantic evolution

It meant proceeding by inference, deductive.^[2]

Medieval Latin used it for comprehensive, synthetical.^[5] British Medieval Latin used it in logic and grammar for collective, aggregative.^[6] It was borrowed into Spanish colectivo, and through Old French collectif it gave English collective in the early 15th century, first meaning “comprehensive”.^[1][3]

Timeline

• 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it.^[4]
• early 15th century – English collective is recorded.^[3]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Inferential, deductive.^[2]
2. (Medieval Latin) Comprehensive, (grammar) collective.^[5][6]

Related words

• colligō
• collēctiō
• English collective

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
4. ^ a b Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
6. ^ a b Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press