collarium

Forms

collārium n (genitive collāriī or collārī); second declension^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin collum (“neck”),^[2][3][4] compare collāris (“of the neck”).^[2][4]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in the grammarian Priscian, in the 6th century AD, who gives it as an example of names taken from the things in which something is: a collarium is what is on the neck.^[2][4][3] The TLL thinks he may have had a passage of Varro on farming in mind.^[2]

Semantic evolution

Gaffiot and Georges take it as a collar, the same as collare.^[5][4] In Medieval Latin it had many uses: an iron collar for a prisoner or a beast, a necklace or torque, a neckcloth or neckband, a piece of armour protecting the neck, a head covering and a dog's leash.^[6] Du Cange records it as a neck ornament also worn by the clergy,^[7] and Stelten glosses it as the Roman collar.^[8]

Timeline

• 6th century AD – Priscian explains it as what is on the neck.^[2][3]
• 639–709 AD – Aldhelm uses it for the iron collars of saints and of a beast.^[6][3]

Meanings

Noun

1. A collar, something worn round the neck.^[2][4][5]
2. (Medieval Latin) An iron collar, a shackle for the neck.^[6]
3. (Medieval Latin) A necklace, torque.^[6]
4. (Medieval Latin) A neckcloth; a piece of armour for the neck.^[6]
5. (Medieval Latin) A dog's leash.^[6]
6. (Ecclesiastical Latin) A clerical collar.^[8][7]

Related words

• collum
• collāre

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
3. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
4. ^ a b c d e Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
5. ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
6. ^ a b c d e f Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch bis zum ausgehenden 13. Jahrhundert (1967–), Munich: C. H. Beck; Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
7. ^ a b du Cange, Charles du Fresne, et al. (1883–1887), Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis, augmented ed. by Léopold Favre, Niort: L. Favre
8. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson