Latin words first recorded in the 1st century

It is from Latin ad- + impleō (“to fill”).

It is from Latin ārea (“open space”) + -ola, a diminutive.

It is from Latin audēns + -ter, from the present participle of audeō (“to dare”). De Vaan derives that verb from avidus (“greedy”): it first meant “to want very much”, a sense still seen in Plautus'…

It is from Latin austērus (“sour, harsh; severe”) + -tās.

It is from Latin circum- (“around”) + strepō (“to make a noise”). De Vaan reconstructs the simple verb as Proto-Italic *strepe/o- and compares only Germanic words such as Old Norse þrefa (“to…

It is from Latin con- (“with, together”) + figūrō (“to shape, form”). Lewis & Short call it post-Augustan and rare.

It is probably borrowed from Gaulish: the OLD labels it Gallic, and the TLL infers a Gaulish source from the compound bardocucullus, although it doubts that the Irish and Breton forms are native…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic source. Lewis & Short compare the Hebrew name of the city. Köbler calls the further origin unclear: he mentions an Aramaic name…

It is formed from Latin ex- + altus with the verbal ending -ō. The adjective goes back to Proto-Italic *alto- (“high”), which de Vaan derives, with a question mark, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-to-.

1. The word for refuse and excrement is formed from Latin excernō (“to sift out, discharge”) + -mentum. Köbler likewise derives it from excernō. 2. The word for an outgrowth is formed from Latin…

It is from Latin grānātus (“containing many seeds”), its neuter used as a noun, short for the phrase ⟨mālum grānātum⟩ or ⟨pōmum grānātum⟩, the “seedy apple”. The adjective is formed grānum (“grain…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ὡροσκόπος (hōroskópos), which in Greek meant a nativity or horoscope and also one who observes the hour of a birth. Etymonline explains it as a compound of the…

It is from Latin in- + moror (“to delay, linger”). moror is derived from mora (“delay”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *morH-ā- (“delay”).

It is from Latin in- (“not”) + fatīgō (“to tire”) + -bilis. The TLL compares fatīgābilis.

It is from Latin in- (“not”) + frūctuōsus (“fruitful”). The adjective is built on frūctus (“fruit, produce”), from fruor (“to enjoy”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *frūg-je/o- and…

It is formed from Latin inter + -āneus. The TLL reports two further views: Leumann derived it from a form *intera (“entrails”) matching Ancient Greek ἔντερα (éntera), comparing exenterāre, while…

It is from Latin inter- + niteō (“to shine”). De Vaan explains niteō most easily from a lost participle *nitos (“made bright, shining”), but knows no Indo-European verbal root that fits its form and…

1. The verb “to ensnare” is from Latin laqueus (“noose, snare”) + -ō. De Vaan finds no convincing etymology for laqueus itself and rejects the old derivation from laciō (“to entice”), which fits…

It is a compound from Latin lātus (“broad, wide”) + fundus (“farm, estate”) + -ium. The adjective lātus goes back to Proto-Italic *slāto-, and fundus to Proto-Italic *fundo- and Proto-Indo-European…

The origin is uncertain. Most sources take it as a Semitic loanword. In the OLD it is borrowed from Classical Syriac ܡܪܐ (marrā), comparing Akkadian marru (“hoe”), and Köbler too compares the…

It is from Latin mūceō (“to be mouldy”) + -or. The verb is derived from mūcus (“mucus, snot”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Indo-European *(s)me/ouk-o- (“snot”), though he notes that it may instead…

It is from Latin neptis (“granddaughter”), replacing it with a form that marks the feminine gender more clearly, perhaps on the model of avia (“grandmother”). It survives in the Romance languages…

It is from Latin obēsus (“fat”) + -tās. The adjective obēsus was the participle of obedō, from ob- and edō (“to eat”).

It is from Latin ōvum (“egg”) + -ārius.

1. The verb “to prop” is from Latin pēs (“foot”) + -ō, a verb made from the noun. 2. The verb “to fart” is inherited from Proto-Italic *pezdō (“to fart”), inherited from Proto-Indo-European *pesd-…

It is from Latin Persicus (“Persian”), its neuter used as a noun with pōmum (“fruit”) understood; Etymonline traces it to the phrase for “Persian apple”. The adjective comes from Persae (“the…

The origin is uncertain; the OLD takes it to be perhaps a word of children's speech. Köbler, following Walde and Hofmann, derives it from an element ⟨pis-⟩, ⟨pit-⟩ for small things, influenced by…

It is from Latin planta (“shoot, cutting”) + -ō.

Used as a noun, it is the neuter past participle from Latin praedicō (“to proclaim, declare”).

It is from Latin prae- + nāvigō (“to sail”). De Vaan lists nāvigō among the derivatives of nāvis (“ship”), which he traces to Proto-Indo-European *neh₂-u- (“ship”).

It is from Latin prīmitiae + -īvus, from the word for first fruits. The TLL compares the pair redivīvus and reduviae. Wiktionary and Etymonline instead derive it from prīmitus (“originally, at…

Used as an adjective, it is the past participle from Latin prōsternō (“to lay flat, throw down”). The verb is formed with prō- from sternō (“to spread out”), which goes back to Proto-Indo-European…

It is formed from Latin pulmō (“lung”) + -ārius.

1. The adjective is from Latin reflectō (“to bend back”), its perfect passive participle. 2. The noun is from Latin reflectō (“to bend back”) + -tus.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek σαρδόνυξ (sardónux). The Greek word is a compound of σάρδιον (sárdion, “carnelian”), probably at first “stone from Sardis”, and ὄνυξ (ónux, “onyx”). The name of the…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek σατραπεία (satrapeía), the Greek word for the office of a satrapēs.

It is from Latin scaena (“stage, scene”) + -ārius.

It is formed from Latin sēmen (“seed”) + -ālis.

It is formed from Latin stipulor (“to demand a formal promise”) + -tus. De Vaan derives stipulor from stipula “stalk, straw”, the verb first meaning “to draw or cut straws”; since Umbrian has stiplo…

1. The row or strip is inherited from Proto-Italic *strigā (“strip, row”), a noun from the root of stringō in its sense “to strip off, scrape”. De Vaan explains the two meanings of that verb (“to…

It is from Latin sub- (“under”) + iaceō (“to lie”). De Vaan explains the simple verb as the stative counterpart of iaciō (“to throw”), first “to be thrown down”, then “to lie”; it goes back to…

It is from Latin sublīmis (“high, lofty”) + -tās.

It is from Latin suffugiō (“to flee under, take refuge”) + -ium. suffugiō is a compound of sub- and fugiō (“to flee”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *fug-i- and Proto-Indo-European *bhug-i-…

It is apparently from Latin vapor (“steam”) + -idus, and the OLD compares vappa (“flat wine”); Georges and Köbler derive it from ⟨vappa⟩.

It is from Latin veterīnus + -ārius, from veterīnum (“draught cattle”), which goes back to vetus (“old”). De Vaan reports Adams' suggestion that draught animals, mostly equines, were seen as “the…

It is from Latin vomō (“to vomit”) + -itō, a frequentative.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀλόη (alóē, “aloe”). Beekes takes the Greek word to be a loan from an Eastern language, and Etymonline likewise calls it probably an Oriental loanword. Wiktionary…

It is from Latin ante (“before”), made as a comparative on the model of posterior. Wiktionary also gives an alternative: the comparative of a lost adjective *anterus, from Proto-Indo-European…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀνθηρά (anthērá), the feminine of ἀνθηρός (anthērós, “flowery, blooming”), which comes from ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀντίδοτον (antídoton, “remedy against poison”), the neuter of the adjective ἀντίδοτος (antídotos), which is also behind the less common feminine forms ⟨antidotos⟩…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἄρωμα (árōma, “seasoning, aromatic plant”). The Greek word, attested from Hippocrates, is of unknown origin.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀρσενικόν (arsenikón), with the older Latin form taken from ἀρρενικόν (arrhenikón). The Greek word is of oriental origin, ultimately from Middle Persian *zarnīk…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek καρδάμωμον (kardámōmon, “cardamom”). The Greek word is a shortened compound of κάρδαμον (kárdamon, “cress”) and ἄμωμον (ámōmon, “an Indian spice plant”). Beekes…

The origin is uncertain. The OLD compares it, with a “perhaps”, to crātis (“wickerwork”). Wiktionary suggests it is perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kert- (“to weave, twist together”), the source…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”). The Greek word belongs with κέρασος (kérasos, “cherry tree”), which Köbler takes either from Asia Minor or as a Phrygian or Dacian…

It is from Latin cervīx (“neck”) + -ālis, the neuter of an adjective in ⟨-ālis⟩ used as a noun, shortened to ⟨-al⟩ like other neuters of the type; the full form ⟨cervīcāle⟩ is also found. De Vaan…

It is from Latin circumspectus (“careful, cautious”) + -ē. The adjective is the participle of circumspiciō (“to look around”), which is formed from circum and speciō (“to look”). De Vaan traces the…

1. The word for the large intestine is borrowed from Ancient Greek κόλον (kólon, “large intestine”). The OLD keeps it apart from cōlon “clause”, with a short vowel, while Lewis & Short and Georges…

It is from Latin cōnsummō (“to sum up, complete”) + -tiō, a noun of action. The verb is formed from com- and summa (“sum, total”), from summus (“highest”).

It is from Latin dēstillō (“to drip down”) + -tiō. That verb is formed from dē- (“down”) and stīllō (“to drip”), which is made from stīlla (“a drop”). The spelling ⟨dist-⟩ is frequent.