𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍃

Forms

𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍃 (fulls), a strong a-stem adjective.^[1][2][3] The Wulfila project records 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍃 (fulls, four times), 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹 (fullai, three times), 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍉𐍃 (fullos, twice) and once each 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 (fullans), 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (fullamma) and 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 (fullaizos).^[4] Schulze notes that it occurs only in the strong form, and that its complement stands in the genitive.^[5]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *fullaz (“full”),^[6][7] cognate with Old Norse fullr, Old English full, Old Frisian ful, Old Saxon ful and Old High German fol.^[8][9] It continues Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós,^[6] originally the past participle of the root *pelh₁- (“to fill”),^[7][10] like Lithuanian pìlnas, Old Irish lán, Avestan pərəna- and Proto-Slavic *pьlnъ.^[7][8] Feist and Lehmann set Latin plēnus apart as a different formation of the same root.^[9][11]

Attestation

The word occurs twelve times by the Wulfila project's count: once in John, six times in Luke, twice in Mark, once in Ephesians, once in the Skeireins and once in the calendar.^[4] Köbler counts thirteen, adding the gloss to Ephesians 4:13.^[12] Nine records are in manuscript CA, Ephesians 4:13 and the calendar entry in A and the Skeireins passage in E.^[4] The first in canonical order is John 12:3.^[4] In the Gospels and Epistles it renders Ancient Greek πλήρης (plḗrēs) three times and τέλειος (téleios) once, and banjo fulls "full of sores" renders ἑλκόω (helkóō).^[13][1] The calendar's aikklesjons fullaizos renders "catholic" (Köbler gives Greek καθολικός (katholikós), with a query).^[12][5] Luke 4:1 reads iþ Iesus ahmins weihis fulls gawandida sik fram Iaurdanau, "and Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, turned back from the Jordan".^[14]

Meanings

1. full (of something, with the genitive), for Greek πλήρης, with fulls wairþan "to be filled".^[1][12][5]
2. complete, perfect, for Greek τέλειος.^[1][2][12]

Word family

• 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍃 (ufarfulls)
• 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍉 (fullō)
• 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fulljan)
• 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌽𐌰𐌽 (fullnan)
• 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌹𐍃 (fullatōjis)
• 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 (fullaweis)
• 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fullafahjan)

Related words

• 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿 (filu)

References

1. ^ a b c d Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910), Die gotische Bibel, II: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. fulls
2. ^ a b Regan, Brian T. (1974), Dictionary of the Biblical Gothic Language, Phoenix: Wulfila House, p. 64
3. ^ Braune, Wilhelm; Heidermanns, Frank (2004), Gotische Grammatik, mit Lesestücken und Wörterverzeichnis, 20th ed., Sammlung kurzer Grammatiken germanischer Dialekte A 1, Tübingen: Niemeyer, p. 277
4. ^ a b c d De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be
5. ^ a b c Schulze, Ernst (1848), Gothisches Glossar, mit einer Vorrede von Jacob Grimm, Magdeburg: Heinrichshofen, p. 97
6. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍃
7. ^ a b c Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 159
8. ^ a b Orel, Vladimir (2003), A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 118
9. ^ a b Feist, Sigmund (1939), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 3rd ed., Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. fulls
10. ^ Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1900), Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 2nd ed., Amsterdam: Müller, p. 51
11. ^ Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the third edition of Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache by Sigmund Feist, Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. fulls
12. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Gotisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. fulls
13. ^ Haug, Dag T. T. et al., PROIEL Treebank: The Gothic Bible (gothic-nt), 2023 release, Pragmatic Resources in Old Indo-European Languages, University of Oslo
14. ^ De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be, p. Lk 4:1