English words first recorded in the 16th century

It is borrowed from Dutch ranten (“to talk foolishly, rave”), also randen and randten, a word now obsolete in Dutch; the OED records it in Middle Dutch from the 14th century. The Dutch word is of…

It is formed from English re- + born. Born is the old past participle of bear.

It is formed from English re- (“again”) + do. The OED compares Middle French refaire. The noun redo is from the verb.

It is formed from English re- (“again”) + sale, probably on the model of the older verb resell, recorded from 1574. Johnson (1755) gave the same derivation.

It was formed from English rival + -ry. Rival itself is from Latin rīvālis, originally "of the same brook", one who used the same stream as another, from rīvus (“brook, stream”).

It is formed from English road + way. Etymonline suggests that the compound may preserve something of the older sense of road, "a riding". The OED notes a possible earlier record in the Middle…

It is borrowed from Middle French sédentaire (16th century) and directly borrowed from Latin sedentārius (“sitting, remaining in one place”), from sedēns, the present participle of sedeō (“to sit”)…

It is formed from English settle + -er. The OED compares the much older formation seen in Old English -setla, as in cotsetla, literally "a person who sits" or "a person who occupies a place", and…

It is formed from English side + walk. Etymonline takes the first part as the adjective, the OED and the Shorter Oxford as the noun.

It is borrowed from Latin spurius (“illegitimate, false”), with the ending -ous. The Latin adjective comes from a noun of the same spelling meaning an illegitimate child, often used among the Romans…

It is formed from English survive + -al.

It is formed from Middle English tyne (“very small”), tine, with the suffix -y. Tine is of unknown or uncertain origin; Etymonline suggests it is from tine “a very short time, an instant” (late 14th…

It is borrowed from Latin trānscrīptiō (“a transcription, transfer”), which Etymonline and the Shorter Oxford call Late Latin, and partly borrowed from French transcription, recorded in French from…

It is formed from English under- + world. Similar words are German Unterwelt, Dutch onderwereld and Danish underverden.

It is formed from English un- + educated, the past participle of educate. The OED compares the slightly earlier adjective uneducate, recorded from about 1592. The verb educate is from Latin…

It is formed from English water + melon, because the fruit is full of watery juice. Etymonline compares French melon d'eau.

It is borrowed from French zéro (1515) or directly borrowed from Italian zero (1466), perhaps through Old Spanish zero, an alteration of Medieval Latin zephirum (1202), from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr…

It is borrowed from Latin audītiō (“a hearing, a listening”), partly through audicion, a noun of action formed on the past participle of audiō (“to hear”), from Proto-Indo-European *au- (“to…

It is borrowed from Middle French bandage, recorded in French from the 16th century, formed from bande (“band, strip”) and the suffix -age. Barnhart and Etymonline derive it from Old French bander…

It is formed from English classic + -al, from Latin classicus (“of the highest class”) (see class).

It is borrowed from Latin commemorātus, the past participle of commemorō (“to bring to remembrance, mention”), formed from com-, here probably intensive, and memorō (“to remind; to relate…

It is borrowed from Latin dēvius (“out of the way, remote, off the main road”), with the English suffix -ous. The Latin adjective is formed from dē (“from, off”) and via (“way, road”), from…

It is borrowed from Middle French exotique (1548, in Rabelais) and directly Latin exōticus, from Ancient Greek ἐξωτικός (exōtikós, “foreign, from outside”), from ἔξω (éxō, “outside”) (see exo-).

It is borrowed from Middle French gentil (“stylish, graceful, pleasing”), from Old French gentil (“high-born, noble”), from Latin gentīlis (“of the same clan”), from gēns (“clan, race”). The same…

It is borrowed from Late Latin illūsōrius (“mocking, ironical; deceptive”), which the Shorter Oxford calls ecclesiastical Latin. The OED derives it from illūsor, and Merriam-Webster from illūsus…

It is borrowed from French implicite and directly borrowed from Latin implicitus, a later variant of implicātus (“entangled, confused, involved”), the past participle of implicō (“to entangle…

It is borrowed from Latin iniectus (“thrown in”), the past participle of iniciō (“to throw in or on”), formed from in- (“in”) and iaciō (“to throw”), which takes the form -iciō in compounds…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin intestīnālis, from intestīnum (“gut, intestine”), the noun use of the neuter of intestīnus (“inward, internal”), from intus (“within”), which Etymonline traces to…

It is borrowed from Dutch landschap (“landscape”), a painters' term, from lantscap (“region, tract of land”), from land and -scap, equivalent to English -ship. It was first written landskip and…

It is formed from English look + out, after the phrasal verb look out, to be on the watch, which Etymonline dates to about 1600. Dictionary.com describes it as the noun use of that verb phrase. For…

It is borrowed from Latin narrātor (“a teller, relater, historian”), an agent noun formed with the suffix -or on narrātus, the past participle of narrō (“to tell, relate”), the verb behind narrate…

It is from Latin negōtiātus, past participle of negōtior, to carry on business, or probably a back-formation from negotiation (1425), from negōtium, business, from neg-, not, and ōtium, leisure (see…

It is borrowed from Middle French precaution, modern précaution, and directly borrowed from Late Latin praecautiō (“wariness, forethought; a safeguarding”). Most dictionaries give only the French…

It is borrowed from Middle French responsible, now obsolete (modern French responsable), from Latin respōnsus, past participle of respondeō (“to respond, answer to, promise in return”), from re-…

1. The band is borrowed from Arabic شَاش (šāš, “muslin; turban”), first borrowed as shash. The spelling sash arose by dissimilation of the two sh-sounds; it is first recorded in 1687, after an…

It is formed from English smoke + -er. The verb smoke is from Old English smocian, from smoca (“smoke”). The OED compares Dutch smoker, Middle Low German smoker and Danish smøger.

It is formed from English sog + -y, from the dialect noun sog, a bog or swamp, or from the verb sog, to become soaked. Collins, Hoad and the Oxford Dictionary of English prefer the noun, which the…

The OED and the Shorter Oxford take it as borrowed from Latin speculātus (“watched, examined”), the past participle of speculor (“to spy out, watch, examine, observe”), while Etymonline and Barnhart…

It is borrowed from New Latin strātum, a specific use of classical Latin strātum (“something spread or laid down; bedding, coverlet, saddlecloth, pavement”), the neuter past participle of sternō…

It is borrowed from Latin strēnuus (“brisk, active, vigorous”), with the suffix -ous. The Latin adjective is probably related to Ancient Greek στρηνής (strēnḗs, “strong, hard, rough”) and στρῆνος…

It is formed from English super- + human, and the OED compares Late Latin superhūmānus (“more than a human can bear”), recorded of pain in the 5th century. Hoad, the Oxford Dictionary of English and…

It is formed from English theory + -ize, although Merriam-Webster, Hoad and Dictionary.com derive it from Medieval Latin theōrizāre. The OED, revising the entry, only compares this Latin verb…

It is borrowed from Latin trānsiēns (“passing over or away”), the present participle of trānseō (“to go across, cross over, pass away”). The English form follows the stem used in post-classical…

It is formed from English un- + veil, with the prefix expressing the reversal of an action. The verb veil is from Old French veler, also voiller, from Latin vēlō (“to cover, veil”), from vēlum (“a…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin ūrīnātus, the past participle of ūrīnō (“to pass water”), from Latin ūrīna (“urine”), the source of urine. Etymonline allows that the English verb may instead be a…

It is borrowed from French accommodation, from Latin accommodātiō, accommodātiōnem, an adjustment, from accommodō, to make fit, fit one thing to another (see accommodate).

Most dictionaries take it as borrowed from Latin adiūtāns (“helping”), the present participle of adiūtō (“to help, assist; to help zealously”), a frequentative of adiuvō (“to help, assist”), which…

It is borrowed from French appréciation, from Middle French apreciation, from aprecier, to appraise, and Late Latin appretiatio (“valuation”), from appretiāre (“to set a price on, appraise”) (see…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin assassinatus (“killed”), the past participle of assassino (“to assassinate”) (recorded from 1582 or earlier), from assassinus (“assassin”). The OED compares…

It is borrowed from French attaquer, from Italian attaccare (“to attach, join”), as in attaccare battaglia “join battle”, an alteration, influenced by a (“to”), of an assumed Old Italian estaccare…

It is borrowed from Latin audītōrium (“lecture room, audience”), the neuter of the adjective audītōrius (“of or for hearing”) used as a noun, literally "a place where something is heard". Klein also…

It is borrowed from Middle French avenue (“way of access”), from Old French avenue “act of approaching, arrival”, a noun use of the feminine past participle of avenir (“to come to, arrive”), from…

It is borrowed from Middle French carnage, recorded in French in the 16th century, from Italian carnaggio (“slaughter, murder; also all kinds of flesh meat”), from Medieval Latin carnāticum (“flesh…

The verb was formed in English from an obsolete noun cater, a buyer of provisions, which is from Middle English catour, also kater, an aphetic form of acatour. That is Anglo-Norman acatour (“buyer…

It is borrowed from Latin Cereālis (“of Ceres; of agriculture, of grain”), and Barnhart and Merriam-Webster also take it through céréale. The Latin adjective is formed from Cerēs, the Roman goddess…

It is formed from English chemist + -ry, altered from earlier chimistry, chymistry under the influence of Late Greek χημεία (chēmeia) “alchemy” (see chemical and alchemy). The archaic spelling…

It is borrowed from Latin cognōmen (“additional name, surname”), from co- (“together, with”) and nōmen (“name”), from Proto-Indo-European *no-men- (“name”). The dictionaries differ on the g: the…

It is borrowed from French coordination or directly Late Latin coōrdinātiō, from co- (“with, together”) and ōrdinātiō (“arranging”), from ōrdō (“row, rank, order”) (see order).

1. The verb meaning to mend is of unknown origin, according to the OED and Etymonline. The OED notes that its form suggests a link with the obsolete dern, secret, and its verb, to conceal or put out…

It is borrowed from Latin dētergēns (“wiping off”), the present participle of dētergeō (“to wipe away, cleanse”), formed from dē- (“off, away”) and tergeō (“to rub, polish, wipe”). Merriam-Webster…