dispariție

Forms

dispariție f (plural dispariții)^[1] An older form disparițiune was used in the 19th century;^[2][3] Eminescu wrote of a portrait: „Cu disparițiunea acestuia dispare ceea ce veți fi îndemnați a numi o idee fixă” “with its disappearance disappears what you would be tempted to call a fixed idea”.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French disparition (“disappearance”), one of the French neologisms of the 19th century.^{[4][5][3][6][1][7]} DELR places it in the family of dispărea “to disappear”, the verb it serves as the noun of action.^[5] In the same family DELR records the obsolete disparadă, taken in 1848 from the obsolete French word disparade, and the rare adjective disparent, formed on the verb after the pattern of apărea and aparent.^[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms of 1848, which defines the word as the act of disappearing.^[5][3][8] Tiktin's first record is in Barcianu's dictionary of 1868.^[6]

Semantic evolution

The first sense was the act of passing out of sight.^[2][8] From the late 19th century the word also meant the loss of a thing or a person that can no longer be found, and in figurative use death.^[2][3] Of animal and plant species, and of customs, the phrase pe cale de dispariție “on the way to disappearing” describes something slowly dying out.^[3][9] The longer form disparițiune was still used in Convorbiri literare and by Eminescu, and later gave way to dispariție.^[2][6]

Timeline

• 1848 – dispariție and disparadă in Negulici's dictionary.^[5][3]
• 1868 – in Barcianu's dictionary, Tiktin's first record.^[6]
• 1885 – the rare adjective disparent “vanishing”.^[5]

Meanings

Noun

1. disappearance: the fact of passing out of sight or of no longer being found.^[4][3]
2. The fact of ceasing to exist; death.^[4][3][10]
3. pe cale (or în curs) de dispariție: about to disappear, dying out, of species and customs.^[4][3]

Related words

• dispărea
• French disparition

References

1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. dispariție
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 728
4. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 320
5. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. dispărea
6. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. dispariție
7. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
8. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. 140
9. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 130
10. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România