finalizar

Forms

finalizar (first-person singular present finalizo, first-person singular preterite finalizei, past participle finalizado)^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Portuguese final + -izar.^[2][3][4][1] Houaiss dates it to about 1677;^[2][5] Cunha gives the 18th century.^[2][5] Vieira and Figueiredo already derived it from the adjective.^[6][7]

The adjective is from Late Latin fīnālis (“relating to boundaries”), from fīnis (“boundary, end”).^[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

In its first record, of about 1677, and in Bluteau's dictionary it means “to bring to an end, to finish”;^[2][9] Bluteau gives finalizar livro and quotes Varella for a book that “ends” with verses in several languages.^[2][9]

Semantic evolution

The old dictionaries define it as “to put an end to, to finish”: Feijó (1734), Folqman (1755) and Morais, whose 1813 edition adds the objects a escrita, contas, negocio, obra.^[10][11][12] Vieira records the intransitive use “to come to an end”.^[6] Modern Portuguese adds “to say in conclusion”, after a quotation, and in football “to shoot at goal”, a sense the first Aurélio of 1975 already has.^[2][13] Wiktionary also records it in mixed martial arts, “to win by submission”.^[1]

Timeline

• c. 1677 – first record.^[2]
• 1712–1728 – Bluteau's dictionary: finalizar livro.^[9]
• 1755 – Folqman glosses it with Latin finem facere.^[11]
• 1789 – Morais's dictionary defines it as “to put an end to, to finish”.^[14]
• 1975 – the first Aurélio records the football sense.^[13]

Meanings

Verb

1. (transitive) To bring to an end; to finish, conclude, finalize.^[2][1][3]
2. (intransitive, pronominal) To come to an end.^[2][3]
3. (intransitive) To say as a conclusion, to wind up.^[2][15]
4. (football) To shoot at goal.^[2][3][16]
5. (mixed martial arts) To win by submission.^[1]

Word family

• finalização
• finalizador

Related words

• fim
• final
• finalmente

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. finalizar
3. ^ a b c d Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. finalizar
4. ^ Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. finalizar
5. ^ a b Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. finalizar
6. ^ a b Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 3, 691
7. ^ Figueiredo, Cândido de (1899), Novo diccionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Tavares Cardoso & Irmão, p. 615
8. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. final
9. ^ a b c Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. finalizar
10. ^ Feijó, João de Morais Madureira (1734), Orthographia, ou Arte de escrever, e pronunciar com acerto a lingua portugueza, Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. finalizar
11. ^ a b Folqman, Carlos (1755), Diccionario portuguez, e latino, Lisboa: Régia Officina Silviana (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. finalizar
12. ^ Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 2, 34
13. ^ a b Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda (1975), Novo dicionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, p. 654
14. ^ Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 616
15. ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. finalizar
16. ^ Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 4310