Latin words first recorded in the 1st century

It is formed from Latin crēta (“chalk”) + -āceus, the adjective suffix of resemblance. Etymonline likewise explains it as “chalk-like”, from crēta.

It is from Latin crusta (“crust, shell”) + -ō. De Vaan traces crusta to Proto-Italic *krusto- (“hardened”) and Proto-Indo-European *krus-to- (“crushed, pounded”), from a root meaning “to thrust…

It is from Latin cyprium (“copper”), short for aes Cyprium (“Cyprian copper”), named after the island of Cyprus, where copper was mined. The adjective is Cyprius (“of Cyprus”), from Ancient Greek…

It is formed from Latin dēcidō (“to fall down”) + -uus. dēcidō is formed from dē- and cadō (“to fall”).

It is formed from Latin dis- + secō (“to cut”). Etymonline traces secō to Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).

It is from Latin eclīpticus (“of eclipses”), used as a noun; the feminine stands for the phrase with līnea (“line”). The adjective is from Ancient Greek ἐκλειπτικός (ekleiptikós, “of an eclipse”)…

It is formed from Latin efficāx + -ia, from efficāx (“effective, efficacious”), itself from efficiō (“to bring about, accomplish”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἔγκαυστον (énkauston), the neuter of ἔγκαυστος (énkaustos, “burnt in”), from ἐν- (en-, “in”) and καυστός (kaustós, “burnt”), from καίω (kaíō, “to burn”). The OLD…

It is a compound from Latin equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”), given the ending of an adjective; the TLL compares later Greek compounds of the same kind.

It is formed from Latin ex- + vacuō (“to empty”). The base goes back to the adjective Proto-Italic *wako- (“empty”) that de Vaan reconstructs for Proto-Italic, from Proto-Indo-European *h1uh2-ko-.

It is from Latin excrēscō (“to grow out”), first as the neuter plural of the present participle used as a noun. The verb is formed from ex- and crēscō (“to grow”).

It is from Latin ex- + paveō (“to be afraid”).

Used as an adjective, it is the perfect participle from Latin exserō (“to thrust out, put forth”). The verb is formed from Latin ex- (“out”) + serō (“to join, string together”), and its simple verb…

It is formed from Latin exstinguō (“to put out, extinguish”) + -tus, the suffix of verbal nouns of the fourth declension. The verb is ex- with stinguō, which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic…

It is formed from Latin fascinō (“to bewitch”) + -tiō. The verb comes from fascinum (“evil spell”); de Vaan notes that if it is related to Ancient Greek βάσκανος (báskanos, “sorcerer, slanderer”)…

It is formed from Latin fictus (“formed, feigned”) + -īcius, the past participle of fingō (“to form, fashion”). De Vaan traces the verb to a nasal present Proto-Indo-European *dʰi-n-ǵʰ-.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek γαγάτης (gagátēs, “jet”), which, according to Pliny, took its name from a town and river in Lycia; Wiktionary compares the Lycian places Γάγαι (Gágai) and calls the…

The origin is unknown. The word turns up only in a few out-of-the-way places, all from the Imperial period on, so it has been taken for a borrowing, but no fitting source is known; Wiktionary…

It is formed from Latin generōsus (“of noble birth, generous”) + -tās. The adjective comes from genus (“birth, race, kind”).

It is a Germanic word: Pliny the Elder says that the Germans call amber by this name, and Tacitus that the Aestii, who gather it in the shallows and on the shore, do. Wiktionary takes it as borrowed…

It is from Latin gȳrus (“circle, circular course”), which is from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle, ring”). The TLL calls it a word of declining Latinity, not found in the classical authors. It…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἡπατικός (hēpatikós), from ἧπαρ (hêpar, “liver”). The Greek noun is cognate with Latin iecur (“liver”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἡπατῖτις (hēpatîtis, “liver-like”), from ἧπαρ (hêpar, “liver”).

It is from Latin herba (“grass, herbage”) + -āceus, “resembling herbage”. The TLL compares adjectives such as rosāceus.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἕρπης (hérpēs, “shingles”), a derivative of the Greek verb ἕρπω (hérpō, “to crawl, creep”). Beekes takes the Greek verb to be the same verb as Latin serpō and…

Its origin is uncertain. The OLD calls it a foreign loanword, and the TLL thinks it is perhaps of foreign origin. Wiktionary and Etymonline suggest that it comes from a pre-Latin language spoken in…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek εἰκονικός (eikonikós, “like a portrait”), from εἰκών (eikṓn, “image, likeness, portrait”).

It is formed from Latin in- + proprius (“one's own, proper”).

It is from Latin incubō (“to lie on; to brood”) + -tiō.

It is formed from Latin infundō (“to pour in”) + -tus, the verbal noun of the verb, and means the same as infūsiō.

It is from Latin īnsectus (“indented, notched”), its neuter, the past participle of īnsecō (“to cut into”). The word is a calque of Ancient Greek ἔντομον (éntomon, “insect”), Aristotle's term for…

It is from Latin īnstabilis (“unsteady”) + -tās.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek λειχήν (leikhḗn, “tree moss; skin eruption”). The Greek word is connected with λείχω (leíkhō, “to lick”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”).

It is from Latin līmitō (“to mark off by boundaries”) + -tiō. The verb is from līmes (“boundary strip, boundary”), which de Vaan treats under līmen (“threshold”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek μαγική (magikḗ, “magical”), the feminine of μαγικός (magikós, “magical”), with τέχνη (tékhnē, “art”) understood: “the magic art”. The adjective comes from μάγος…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek μηλοπέπων (mēlopépōn), “gourd-apple”, whose second part is πέπων (pépōn, “ripened by the sun”). Köbler connects pépōn with Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- (“to cook”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek μετρικός (metrikós, “of measure, metrical”), from μέτρον (métron, “measure”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek μονοπώλιον (monopṓlion, “right of exclusive sale”), from μόνος (mónos, “sole”) and πωλέω (pōléō, “to barter, sell”). Etymonline traces these to Proto-Indo-European…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek μυρρίς (murrís), the name of a plant, which Köbler connects with myrrha (“myrrh”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek μύξα (múxa). Köbler connects the Greek word with the one for “mucus” and with μύξον (múxon, “plum tree”), and cautiously with Proto-Indo-European *meug- (“slippery…

It is from Latin nausea (“seasickness, nausea”) + -ōsus, though Georges derives it from the verb nauseō (“to be seasick”).

It is from Latin novellus (“young, new”), its feminine used as a noun, at first in farming, with a word such as vītis (“vine”) understood. The adjective is formed from Latin novus (“new”) + -ellus.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀπάλλιος (opállios, “opal”), which Wiktionary assigns to Byzantine Greek. The OLD compares Sanskrit उपल (úpala-), and Wiktionary derives the Greek word from it…

1. The sea animal is borrowed from Ancient Greek ὄρυγα (óruga), the accusative of ὄρυξ (órux), the name of a kind of whale, with ⟨c⟩ for ⟨g⟩ probably under the influence of orca “jar”. Wiktionary…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek πέπων (pépōn, “ripe; melon”), which was at first an adjective, “ripe”. Isidore of Seville and the glossaries already recognised it as Greek. Beekes explains the…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek περιοδικός (periodikós, “periodic”), an adjective formed on περίοδος (períodos, “a going round, cycle”).

It is from Latin Persicus (“Persian”), the feminine of the adjective used as a noun, short for ⟨arbor Persica⟩, “Persian tree”. Etymonline traces the name of the fruit to ⟨mālum Persicum⟩, “Persian…

It is from Latin per- + vinciō (“to bind”) according to Wiktionary and Köbler; Etymonline gives this only as a possibility. The TLL notes that the older double form may have arisen from a magical…

It is from Latin plantō (“to plant”) + -tiō.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek πολύγονος (polúgonos).

1. The stone is borrowed from Ancient Greek πῶρος (pôros, “tufa”). Köbler, after Frisk, gives the Greek word no further etymology. 2. The pore is borrowed from Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage…

It is formed from Latin prae- (“before”) + lūdō (“to play”).

It is from Latin praetōrium (“general's tent; headquarters”) + -ānus. Wiktionary derives it from praetor with -iānus, and Lewis & Short have a second entry from praetor for the sense of the praetor…

It is from Latin prōcōnsul (“proconsul”) + -ātus. De Vaan explains cōnsul (“consul”) as a noun made to the verb cōnsulō (“to deliberate, consult”), which he traces to Proto-Italic *kom-se/ol-e/o-…

It is formed from Latin pūrificō (“to purify”) + -tiō.

It is from Latin pūrus (“pure”) + -ficō, “to make pure”. The second part goes back to faciō (“to make”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek πυρρίχη (purrhíkhē, “war dance”). Ancient grammarians explained the name in several ways: Sacerdos says it came from a Pyrrichus of Cydonia, who first taught the…

It is from Latin recreō (“to restore, refresh”) + -tiō. The verb recreō is made of re- (“again”) and creō (“to make, create”), whose stem de Vaan reconstructs as Proto-Italic *krē-jā-.

It is formed from Latin re- + generō (“to beget, produce”).

It is from Latin relictus (“left behind”), its neuter used as a noun.