Latin words first recorded in the 1st century BC

It is formed from Latin intericiō (“to throw or place between”) + -tus, a noun of action from that verb.

It is formed from Latin intereō (“to perish”) + -tus. The verb is inter- with eō (“to go”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”).

It is from Latin interior (“inner”), whose neuter is used as an adverb. Georges also treats it as the comparative of intrā (“within”). De Vaan derives the comparative from Proto-Italic *ntero-…

It is from Latin inter- (“between”) + linō (“to smear”). The simple verb goes back to Proto-Italic *lina- (“to smear”) and to the nasal present Proto-Indo-European *h₂li-n-H-.

It is from Latin intermittō (“to leave off, interrupt”) + -tiō. intermittō is a compound of inter (“between”) and mittō (“to let go, send”).

It is from Latin interrogō (“to question”) + -tiō. interrogō is inter (“between”) and rogō (“to ask”), which de Vaan explains as a verb made from a noun Proto-Italic *rogo- (“request; stretching…

It is from Latin inter- (“between”) + scindō (“to cut, tear”). De Vaan derives the simple verb from Proto-Italic *ski-n-d-e/o- and Proto-Indo-European *ski-n-d- (“to split, tear off”). The TLL notes…

It is from Latin interveniō (“to come between, intervene”) + -tor. The verb is from inter (“between”) and veniō (“to come”).

It is from Latin in- + texō (“to weave”). De Vaan traces texō to Proto-Italic *tekse/o- and Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-s- (“to fashion”).

It is from Latin intolerāns (“impatient; unbearable”) + -ia.

It is from Latin in- + tonō (“to thunder”). Wiktionary traces tonō to Proto-Italic *tonaō and Proto-Indo-European *(s)tenh₂- (“to thunder”), and Pokorny compares Ancient Greek στένω (sténō, “to…

It is from Latin intrō (“inside”) + ferō (“to carry”). De Vaan traces ⟨ferō⟩ to Proto-Italic *fere/o-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-e/o- (“to carry”).

It is from Latin introeō (“to go in”) + -tus. The verb is formed from intrō (“inside”) and eō (“to go”), which goes back to Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”).

It is from Latin intrō (“inwards”) + speciō (“to look”). De Vaan traces speciō to Proto-Italic *spekje/o- and Proto-Indo-European *speḱ-ie/o- (“to look”), with cognates such as Sanskrit पश्यति…

It is from Latin in- + undō (“to rise in waves, surge”). Priscian already derived it from unda (“wave”). undō is made from that noun, which goes back to Proto-Italic *udōr and Proto-Indo-European…

It is from Latin inveniō (“to find, discover”) + -trīx, the feminine counterpart of inventor.

It is from Latin investīgō (“to track, search out”) + -tiō, from in- and vestīgō “to track”, from vestīgium “footprint”.

It is from Latin investīgō (“to track, search out”) + -tor, the agent suffix; ⟨investīgō⟩ is from in- and vestīgō “to track”, related to vestīgium “footprint”. De Vaan finds the origin of…

It is from Latin inveterō (“to make old, let grow old”), its past participle, used as an adjective. The verb is built on vetus (“old”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *wetos- (“year”) and…

It is from Latin in- + vigilō (“to keep awake, watch”). The simple verb is made from vigil (“awake; watchman”), which de Vaan lists beside vigeō (“to thrive”) and considers certainly cognate with…

It is from Latin in- (“not”) + violātus (“injured, violated”), the participle of violō (“to violate”).

It is from Latin invītō (“to invite”) + -tiō.

It is from Latin involvō (“to roll up, wrap”), its perfect participle used as an adjective. The verb is formed from in- and volvō (“to roll”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *welu-e/o- and…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἰῶτα (iôta), the name of the Greek letter. Its further origin is unclear; Köbler refers to the name of the tenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía, “dissimulation, feigned ignorance”), from εἴρων (eírōn, “dissembler”). The further origin of the Greek word is unclear; Etymonline mentions a…

It is from Latin irrītō + -bilis, from the verb meaning “to excite, provoke”.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἰσθμός (isthmós, “narrow passage, neck of land”). The Greek word has been derived from εἶμι (eîmi, “to go”) with a suffix ⟨-θμο-⟩, by comparison with by-forms such…

It is from Latin Italia + -icus.

It is from Latin iūcundus (“pleasant”) + -ē. That adjective is formed from iuvō (“to help, delight”) with the suffix ⟨-cundus⟩; de Vaan traces the verb to Proto-Italic *ijow- and Proto-Indo-European…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰουδαῖος (Ioudaîos), from the name of Biblical Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehûdâ, “Judah”). Georges and Köbler treat it as the adjective of Iūdaea (“Judaea”), from Ἰουδαία…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰουδαϊκός (Ioudaïkós), the adjective of Ἰουδαῖος (Ioudaîos, “Jew”), which goes back to the name of Biblical Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehûdâ, “Judah”). Köbler and Georges…

It is from Latin iūdicium (“judgement, trial”) + -ālis, from iūdex “judge”.

It is from Latin iūdicium (“judgement, court”) + -ārius. ⟨iūdicium⟩ is from iūdex (“judge”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *jowes-dik- (“judge”), from iūs (“law”) and the root of dīcō (“to…

It is from Latin iugum (“yoke”) + -ālis. De Vaan lists iugum under iungō “to join, yoke” and traces it to Proto-Indo-European *(H)iugo- (“yoke”), comparing Hittite iūk- (“yoke, pair”) and Ancient…

The origin of the family name is uncertain. It may be a contraction of an Old Latin name *Iovilios “descended from or belonging to Jove”, from the stem of Iovis, which Etymonline traces to…

It is from Latin iungō (“to join”) + -tiō. The verb goes back to Proto-Italic *jung-e/o- and Proto-Indo-European *(H)iunégti (“to yoke”).

1. The adjective is from Latin iungō (“to join, yoke”), its perfect passive participle. De Vaan traces iungō to Proto-Italic *jung-e/o- and a nasal present Proto-Indo-European *(H)iunégti (“to…

1. The family name is from Latin Iūnō + -ius according to Wiktionary, and Köbler also refers it to Iūnō. De Vaan reports that Fortson connects the family name with a stem ⟨iou-⟩ instead. 2. The…

It is a compound from Latin iūs (“law”) + cōnsultus (“skilled”), with the genitive ⟨iūris⟩. De Vaan reconstructs ⟨iūs⟩ as Proto-Italic ⟨*jowos⟩ “oath, law”.

It is from Latin iūs (“law”) + dictiō (“speaking, declaring”), with the genitive ⟨iūris⟩. Its parts are often written apart.

It is from Latin iussus, its neuter, ⟨iussus⟩ being the past participle of iubeō (“to order”), used as a noun. De Vaan traces ⟨iubeō⟩ to Proto-Italic *jouþ-eje/o- and a causative Proto-Indo-European…

It is from Latin iūs (“law”) + sistō (“to bring to a stand”) + -ium, formed like sōlstitium. De Vaan traces the first part to Proto-Italic *jowos (“oath, law”), and sistō to Proto-Indo-European…

It is from Latin iuvenis (“young; young man”) + -īlis. Wiktionary traces iuvenis to Proto-Italic *juwō and Proto-Indo-European *h₂yéwHō.

It is apparently a gerundive of an old ⟨*calō⟩ “to call”, inherited from Proto-Italic *kalāndo-, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, summon”), the day on which the date of the Nones was…

It is from Latin labōriōsus (“toilsome, laborious”) + -ē. De Vaan lists the adjective among the derivatives of labor (“toil”); he finds the usual connection of that noun with labō (“to totter”)…

It is from Latin lacerō (“to tear, mangle”) + -tiō. De Vaan takes lacerō as made from the adjective lacer (“torn, mangled”), which goes back to Proto-Italic *lak(V)-ro- (“torn, ragged”), from the…

It is probably from Latin lacer (“torn”), compare lacinia (“flap of a garment”), as the OLD and the TLL suggest. Lewis & Short also compare Ancient Greek ῥάκος (rhákos, “rag”), and Wiktionary thinks…

Its origin is unknown. It is identical in form with lacertus “upper arm”, and the OLD compares that word. Wiktionary also mentions a possible link with Ancient Greek λικερτίζω (likertízō, “to…

It is from Latin lac (“milk”) + -eō; the TLL takes it as a back-formation from its present participle. De Vaan traces lac to Proto-Italic *(g)lagt- and Proto-Indo-European *glg-t- (“milk”). Cognate…

It is from Latin lacūna (“hollow, gap”) + -āris. De Vaan lists it under lacus (“lake, basin”) and explains it as “that which contains hollows”; its likeness in meaning to laqueātus (“panelled”) he…

It is from Latin laetus (“glad; fertile, luxuriant”) + -ē. For the adjective, Walde–Hofmann and Pokorny, taking “fat, rich” as its older meaning, connected it with lāridum (“bacon”) and largus…

It is from Latin lāmentor (“to lament”) + -bilis.

The OLD and the TLL compare lacer (“torn”) and lacinia (“flap of a garment”). De Vaan's explanation is that it is from Proto-Italic *lank- (“to tear”), a present stem from Proto-Indo-European…

It is from Latin languidus (“faint, weak, sluggish”) + -ē, and that adjective is made from langueō (“to be faint, weary”). De Vaan derives that verb from Proto-Italic *slangu-, perhaps…

The OLD thinks it probably of Etruscan origin, comparing lanista (“trainer of gladiators”). The grammarian Eutyches derived it from lanius (“butcher”), which the TLL accepts, and Wiktionary also…

Isidore reports that it is an Etruscan word, connecting it with laniō (“to tear to pieces”), and Köbler too calls it Etruscan. Walde and Hofmann took the whole family of lanius (“butcher”) as…

It is from Latin lapidō (“to stone”) + -tiō, from lapis “stone”. De Vaan reconstructs ⟨lapis⟩ as Proto-Italic ⟨*la/eped-⟩, compares Umbrian ⟨vapeře⟩ “stone seat” and Ancient Greek λέπας (lépas…

It is from Latin largior (“to give generously”) + -tor. The verb is formed from largus (“abundant, generous”), whose origin is unclear.

It is from Latin lateō (“to lie hidden”) + -bulum, beside latebra from the same verb. De Vaan explains lateō as a stative verb made from an adjective ⟨*latos⟩ “hidden”, going back to Proto-Italic…

It is formed from Latin ferō (“to carry, bring”) + -tiō, on ⟨lāt-⟩, the stem of the supine ⟨lātum⟩.