iudicialis

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [juː.dɪ.kiˈaː.lɪs]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ju.di.t͡ʃiˈaː.lis]^[1]

Forms

iūdiciālis (neuter iūdiciāle, adverb iūdiciāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective^[1]

Etymology

It is from iūdicium “judgement, trial” with the suffix -ālis, from iūdex “judge”.^[2][1][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's first source is Cicero, whom he dates 81–43 BC.^[4] Lewis & Short cite Cicero's iūs iūdiciāle.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It meant of the law courts or the administration of justice, judicial, forensic, and resulting from a court judgement.^[2] Cicero also used it of jury service and of what is typical of forensic pleading.^[2]

British Medieval Latin used it of a judge or court, of legal proceedings, and of an ordeal.^[6] It gave English judicial in the late 14th century, “of a judge, of the administration of justice”.^[3]

Timeline

• 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^[4][2]
• late 14th century – English judicial is recorded.^[3]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Of the law courts, judicial, forensic.^[2]
2. Of jury service.^[2]
3. (Medieval Latin) Of an ordeal.^[6]

Related words

• iūdex
• iūdicium
• iūdicō
• English judicial

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
4. ^ a b Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
6. ^ a b Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press