Latin words first recorded in the 1st century BC

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek δίπλωμα (díplōma, “folded paper; licence”), from διπλόος (diplóos, “double”), a letter folded double.

It is from Latin dīrēctus (“straight”) + -ē, the participle of dīrigō (“to align, direct”). De Vaan lists ⟨dērigere⟩ “to align, steer, direct”, replaced by ⟨dīrigere⟩ in the 4th century AD, among…

It is from Latin dīripiō (“to tear apart, plunder”) + -tiō. De Vaan lists dīripiō among the compounds of rapiō (“to seize”), which he traces to Proto-Italic *rap-i- (“to seize”) and…

It is from Latin dīripiō (“to tear apart, plunder”) + -tor, the agent noun of that verb, which is a compound of dis- and rapiō (“to seize”).

It is from earlier ⟨*dishibeō⟩ by rhotacism, from Latin dis- + habeō (“to have, hold”), like dirimō from ⟨dis-⟩ and ⟨emō⟩. De Vaan traces ⟨habeō⟩ to Proto-Italic *xab-ē- (“has taken, has”), from…

It is from Latin disceptō (“to dispute”) + -tiō. That verb is dis- with captō (“to try to catch”).

It is from Latin dis- (“apart”) + captō (“to grasp at”), a frequentative of capiō (“to take, seize”). Lewis & Short explained it as a legal term, literally to seize and separate the parties, and so…

It is from Latin dis- + cingō (“to gird”). De Vaan finds the origin of cingō uncertain; of the cognates proposed, Lithuanian kinkýti (“to bridle horses”) fits in meaning but has a root shape that…

It is from Latin dis- + color (“colour”), the opposite of concolor “of the same colour”. De Vaan traces color to Proto-Italic *kelōs- (“outside, aspect”) and Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-ōs (“cover…

It is formed from Latin dis- (“apart”) + cor (“heart”), the opposite of concors (“agreeing”). De Vaan derives ⟨cor⟩ from Proto-Italic *kord and Proto-Indo-European *ḱērd (“heart”). Cognate with…

It is formed from Latin discrepāns + -ia, from the present participle of discrepō (“to differ in sound, disagree”). The verb is a compound of dis- and crepō (“to make a sharp loud noise”), which de…

It is from Latin disiungō (“to unyoke, separate”) + -tiō. De Vaan traces the base iungō (“to yoke, join”) to Proto-Italic *jung-e/o- and Proto-Indo-European *(H)iunégti (“to yoke”).

It is the perfect passive participle from Latin disiungō (“to unyoke, separate”), used as an adjective. disiungō is a compound of dis- and iungō (“to join, yoke”), which de Vaan traces to…

It is from Latin dispēnsō (“to weigh out, manage”) + -tiō.

It is from Latin dispēnsō (“to weigh out, pay out, manage”) + -tor. dispēnsō is formed from dis- (“apart”) and pēnsō (“to weigh”), which comes from pendō (“to hang, weigh out, pay”). De Vaan traces…

It is from Latin dis- (“apart”) + pōnō (“to put”).

It is from Latin disputō + -tiō, from the verb “to argue, debate”, a compound of dis- and putō (“to prune, reckon”). De Vaan notes that ⟨putō⟩ first meant to prune a tree, then to ponder or reckon…

It is formed from Latin dis- + sēminō (“to sow”), the verb being formed from sēmen (“seed”).

It is formed from Latin dissentiō (“to disagree”) + -tiō. The verb is formed from dis- (“apart”) and sentiō (“to feel, think”), which de Vaan derives from Proto-Italic *sentije- and…

It is from Latin dis- (“apart”) + sedeō (“to sit”). De Vaan traces sedeō to the stative Proto-Indo-European *sed-eh₁- (“to be seated”).

It is from Latin dis- + signō (“to mark”) + -tiō, or, as the TLL, Georges and Gaffiot put it, from the verb dissignō (“to arrange, order”).

It is from Latin dissimilis (“unlike”) + -tūdō. That adjective is dis- (“not”) with similis (“like”).

It is from Latin dissimulāns + -ter, the present participle of dissimulō (“to disguise, conceal”) with an adverbial suffix. The verb is ultimately from similis “like”, which goes back to…

It is from Latin dissimulō (“to dissemble, conceal”) + -tiō. The OLD derives dissimulō from dis- and simulō (“to imitate, pretend”), Wiktionary from dissimilis (“unlike”).

Used as an adjective, it is the past participle from Latin dissipō (“to scatter, disperse”). De Vaan lists the verb, with the older spelling ⟨dissupō⟩, among the derivatives of the rare verb supō…

It is from Latin dissolūtus (“loose, lax”) + -ē. The adjective is the past participle of dissolvō (“to loosen, dissolve”), which de Vaan lists from Plautus on among the compounds of solvō (“to…

It is from Latin distinctus (“distinct”) + -ē, the adverb of the participle of distinguō (“to separate, distinguish”). De Vaan explains that verb as ⟨dis-⟩ with a root meaning “to push”, so “to push…

It is from Latin distinguō (“to separate, distinguish”) + -tiō.

It is from Latin dis- + teneō (“to hold”). De Vaan traces ⟨teneō⟩ to Proto-Italic *tenē-, from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥-eh₁- (“to hold”).

It is from Latin dis- (“apart”) and a verb *stinguō “to prick”, seen in īnstīnctus and īnstīgō, with which the OLD compares Umbrian ⟨anstintu⟩. Lewis and Short compare Ancient Greek στίζω (stízō…

It is from Latin dis- (“apart”) + stō (“to stand”). A perfect ⟨distitī⟩ is found only in Boethius.

It is formed from Latin distorqueō + -tiō, from distorqueō (“to twist different ways, distort”). That verb is formed dis- and torqueō (“to twist”).

Used as an adjective, it is the past participle from Latin distorqueō (“to twist apart, distort”). That verb is a compound of dis- and torqueō (“to twist”), which goes back to Proto-Italic…

The adjective is from Latin distringō, its participle, “to stretch apart; to hinder”, from dis- and stringō “to draw tight”; the noun is from the same verb with the suffix -tus.

It is formed from Latin diū (“for a long time”) + -urnus. The TLL compares diūtius (“longer”) and diurnus (“daily”). De Vaan explains ⟨diū⟩ as an old case form of the word for “day”, from…

It is from Latin dīvīnō (“to foresee, divine”) + -tiō.

It is from Latin dīvīnus (“divine”) + -tās. dīvīnus comes from dīvus (“divine”), which de Vaan explains as a form of the same stem as deus (“god”), from Proto-Italic *deiwo- and Proto-Indo-European…

It is from Latin dīvidō (“to divide”) + -tor.

It is from Latin dis- + vulgō (“to make public”), and that verb comes from vulgus (“the common people”).

It is from Latin docilis (“teachable”) + -tās, from doceō (“to teach”). De Vaan traces ⟨doceō⟩ to Proto-Italic *dok-eje-, from Proto-Indo-European *doḱ-eye/o- (“to make someone accept something”).

It is from Latin doceō (“to teach”) + -tor, the agent suffix. Doceō goes back to Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to take, accept”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “opinion, tenet; decree”), from δοκέω (dokéō, “to suppose, think”), which Köbler and Etymonline trace to Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to take, accept”).

It is from Latin dolēns (“feeling pain, grieving”) + -ter, the present participle of doleō (“to feel pain, grieve”). De Vaan traces that verb to Proto-Italic *dolē- (“to pain, cause pain”) and…

It is from Latin dominor (“to rule”) + -tiō.

It is from Latin dominor (“to rule”) + -tor, from dominus “master”. De Vaan reconstructs ⟨dominus⟩ as Proto-Italic ⟨*dom-o/u-no-⟩ “of the house”, from the word for “house”, domus.

It is from Latin domō (“to tame, conquer”) + -tor. De Vaan traces domō to Proto-Italic *domaje- and Proto-Indo-European *domh₂-eie/o- (“to tame”), originally a causative, and compares Ancient Greek…

It is from Latin dōnō (“to give, present”) + -tiō. De Vaan derives dōnō from dōnum (“gift”), which he traces to Proto-Italic *dōno- (“gift”) and Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-no- (“gift”) (or…

It is from Latin dubius (“doubtful”) + -ē, the adverb of the adjective. De Vaan derives dubius from an older adjective “in doubt”, perhaps from Proto-Italic *du(i)-fwo- and Proto-Indo-European…

It is from Latin dūmus (“thornbush, bramble”) + -ētum. De Vaan derives dūmus from Proto-Italic *dū̆smo-, noting an archaic adjective ⟨dusmo⟩ quoted from Livius Andronicus; he sees only one…

It is from Latin dūrus (“hard”) + -ē. De Vaan traces dūrus to Proto-Italic *dūro- and Proto-Indo-European *du(e)h₂-ro- (“far, long”), comparing Sanskrit दूर (dūrá-, “far, distant”) and Ancient Greek…

It is from Latin ēbrius (“drunk”) + -tās. De Vaan derives ⟨ēbrius⟩ from Proto-Italic *ēχʷrio- and Proto-Indo-European *h₁ē̆gʷʰ-ro- (“drinking”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁egʷʰ- (“to drink”)…

It is from Latin ēbrius (“drunk”) + -ōsus. De Vaan traces ēbrius to Proto-Italic *ēχwrio- and derives it from Proto-Indo-European *h₁egʷʰ- (“to drink”).

It is from Latin ex- (“out”) + bulliō (“to bubble”), from bulla “bubble”. A post-classical ⟨ēbullō⟩ of the first conjugation is also found.

It is from Latin ebur (“ivory”) + -neus; Wiktionary analyses it as eburnus (“of ivory”) with the suffix -eus. The noun is a loanword: the OLD and Köbler compare an Egyptian word for elephant and…

It is from Latin ec- + quandō (“when”), with the particle that Lewis & Short compare with ecce (“behold”). De Vaan traces ecce to Proto-Italic *ek reinforced with ⟨-ce⟩. The TLL instead takes it as…

It is from Latin ēdō (“to put forth, publish”) + -tiō.

1. The adjective is from Latin ēdō (“to put forth, raise”), its perfect participle, from ex- and dō (“to give, put”). 2. The noun is from Latin ēdō (“to put forth”) + -tus, a verbal noun of the…

It is from Latin ex- + domō (“to tame”). De Vaan traces domō to Proto-Italic *domaje- and Proto-Indo-European *domh₂-eie/o- (“to tame”), originally a causative. Cognate with Sanskrit दमयति…

It is from Latin ēducō (“to bring up, rear”) + -tor. De Vaan lists that verb among the derivatives of dūcō (“to lead”), from Plautus on.

It is from Latin efficiō (“to bring about”) + -tus, an action noun. Efficiō is from ex- and faciō “to make”, which de Vaan traces to Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-k- (“to make”), from…