𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽

Forms

𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (ushlaupan), a reduplicating verb of class 2 (strong class VII).^[1][2][3][4] The only recorded form is the present participle 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (ushlaupands).^[2][5]

Etymology

It is formed from Gothic 𐌿𐍃- (us-) + *𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (*hlaupan), the simple verb being from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną (“to jump forward, leap”).^[6] The simple verb survives as Old Norse hlaupa, Old English hlēapan, Old Frisian hlāpa, Old Saxon hlōpan and Old High German hlaufan.^[7][5] Lehmann compares āhlēapan (“to spring up”), formed like the Gothic verb.^[5] Lehmann calls the further origin unknown.^[5] Assuming a root meaning "to stumble", Zupitza, Feist and Uhlenbeck compare Lithuanian klùpti (“to kneel, stumble”) and Latvian klupt (“to stumble”).^[8][7][5]

Attestation

The word occurs once, at Mark 10:50 in manuscript CA.^[9][2] PROIEL aligns it with Ancient Greek ἀνίστημι (anístēmi, “to stand up”).^[10] Köbler gives ἀναπηδᾶν or ἀνιστᾶσθαι, both with a query.^[10][2] The verse reads 𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐍆𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌼 𐌰𐍄 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿 (iþ is afwairpands wastjai seinai ushlaupands qam at Iesu), "and he, throwing off his garment, sprang up and came to Jesus".^[11]

Meanings

1. to leap up, spring to one's feet^{[1][2][6][12]}

References

1. ^ a b Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910), Die gotische Bibel, II: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. ushlaupan
2. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Gotisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. ushlaupan*
3. ^ Wright, Joseph (1910), Grammar of the Gothic Language, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. s.v. us-hláupan
4. ^ Braune, Wilhelm; Heidermanns, Frank (2004), Gotische Grammatik, mit Lesestücken und Wörterverzeichnis, 20th ed., Sammlung kurzer Grammatiken germanischer Dialekte A 1, Tübingen: Niemeyer, p. 282
5. ^ a b c d e Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the third edition of Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache by Sigmund Feist, Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. *us-hlaupan
6. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽
7. ^ a b Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1900), Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 2nd ed., Amsterdam: Müller, p. 161
8. ^ Feist, Sigmund (1939), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 3rd ed., Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. us-hlaupan
9. ^ De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be
10. ^ a b Haug, Dag T. T. et al., PROIEL Treebank: The Gothic Bible (gothic-nt), 2023 release, Pragmatic Resources in Old Indo-European Languages, University of Oslo
11. ^ De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be, p. Mk 10:50
12. ^ Lambdin, Thomas O. (2006), An Introduction to the Gothic Language, Eugene, Or.: Wipf and Stock, p. 186