𐌳𐌰𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽

Forms

𐌳𐌰𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (daddjan), a weak verb of class 1.^[1][2][3] The only recorded form is the dative plural feminine of the present participle, 𐌳𐌰𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼 (daddjandeim).^[2][4] Its -ddj- stands for an older *-jj- (Holthausen sets up *dajjan).^[5][6]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *dajjaną (“to suck, suckle”),^[7][8] matched by Old Swedish dæggia (“to suckle”) in Old Swedish.^[8][9][10] Kroonen derives it from a causative formation of the Indo-European root Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to suck, suckle”); the geminate may come from Holtzmann's law or from an intermediate form with a further i in the second syllable.^[8] Lehmann takes the word as an example of Holtzmann's law.^[9] Other forms of the root are Old High German tāan (“to suckle”) and tila (“teat”),^[9][10] and outside Germanic Ancient Greek θηλή (thēlḗ, “nipple”), Latin fēlō (“to suck”) and fēmina (“woman”).^[11][5]

Attestation

The verb occurs once, at Mark 13:17 in manuscript CA, where it renders Ancient Greek θηλάζω (thēlázō, “to suckle”).^[4][12][2] The verse reads aþþan wai þaim qiþuhaftom jah daddjandeim in jainaim dagam, "but woe to the pregnant women and to those nursing in those days".^[13]

Meanings

1. to suckle, give suck, for θηλάζω^[14][2][7]

References

1. ^ Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910), Die gotische Bibel, II: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. daddjan
2. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Gotisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. daddjan*
3. ^ Braune, Wilhelm; Heidermanns, Frank (2004), Gotische Grammatik, mit Lesestücken und Wörterverzeichnis, 20th ed., Sammlung kurzer Grammatiken germanischer Dialekte A 1, Tübingen: Niemeyer, p. 273
4. ^ a b De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be
5. ^ a b Holthausen, Ferdinand (1934), Gotisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. 19
6. ^ Krause, Wolfgang (1963), Handbuch des Gotischen, 2nd ed., München: Beck, p. § 90, 1
7. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. 𐌳𐌰𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽
8. ^ a b c Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 87
9. ^ a b c Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the third edition of Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache by Sigmund Feist, Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. *daddjan
10. ^ a b Feist, Sigmund (1939), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 3rd ed., Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. daddjan
11. ^ Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1900), Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 2nd ed., Amsterdam: Müller, p. 33
12. ^ Haug, Dag T. T. et al., PROIEL Treebank: The Gothic Bible (gothic-nt), 2023 release, Pragmatic Resources in Old Indo-European Languages, University of Oslo
13. ^ De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be, p. Mk 13:17
14. ^ Regan, Brian T. (1974), Dictionary of the Biblical Gothic Language, Phoenix: Wulfila House, p. 51