𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽

Forms

𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽 (anasilān), a weak verb of class 3, marked as perfective.^[1][2][3] The only recorded form is the third person singular preterite 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 (anasilaida).^[2][4] Uhlenbeck notes that -silan agrees with Latin sileō (“to be silent”) in its inflection as well.^[5]

Etymology

It is formed from Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰- (ana-) + *𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽 (*silān),^[6][2] the unrecorded simple verb continuing Proto-Germanic *silāną (“to be still, be silent”).^[6] All the dictionaries compare sileō;^[7][5][8][9] Uhlenbeck later wrote that this connection cannot be shaken but that everything beyond it is uncertain,^[10] and Feist likewise calls the further connections very uncertain.^[7] Holthausen relates Old English sālnes (“silence”) and an Old English word for still water;^[8][11] Grienberger compared Old Norse sil (“still or slowly flowing water”) and Low German and Frisian words for a sluice or dam,^[12] a link that Lehmann, following de Vries, thinks improbable for the Norse word.^[9] Wiktionary traces the root to Proto-Indo-European *seyl- (“still, windless, quiet, slow”).^[11]

Attestation

The verb occurs once, at Mark 4:39 in manuscript CA, where it renders Ancient Greek κοπάζω (kopázō, “to grow weary, abate”), of the wind.^[4][13][2] The verse reads jah anasilaida sa winds jah warþ wis mikil, "and the wind dropped, and there was a great calm".^[14] Grienberger also takes the manuscript reading anasila at 1 Thessalonians 4:11 as this verb, in the sense "to keep quiet".^[12]

Meanings

1. to grow calm, come to rest, die down (of the wind), for κοπάζω^[15][2][6]
2. to keep quiet, in Grienberger's reading of 1 Thessalonians 4:11^[12]

References

1. ^ Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910), Die gotische Bibel, II: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. anasilan
2. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Gotisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. anasilan*
3. ^ Braune, Wilhelm; Heidermanns, Frank (2004), Gotische Grammatik, mit Lesestücken und Wörterverzeichnis, 20th ed., Sammlung kurzer Grammatiken germanischer Dialekte A 1, Tübingen: Niemeyer, p. 293
4. ^ a b De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be
5. ^ a b Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1900), Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 2nd ed., Amsterdam: Müller, p. 12
6. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽
7. ^ a b Feist, Sigmund (1939), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 3rd ed., Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. ana-silan
8. ^ a b Holthausen, Ferdinand (1934), Gotisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. 87
9. ^ a b Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the third edition of Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache by Sigmund Feist, Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. *ana-silan
10. ^ Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1905), Bemerkungen zum gotischen Wortschatz, Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 30, 252ff., p. no. 23
11. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *silāną
12. ^ a b c Grienberger, Theodor von (1900), Untersuchungen zur gotischen Wortkunde, Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, phil.-hist. Classe 142, Wien, p. s.v. anasilan
13. ^ Haug, Dag T. T. et al., PROIEL Treebank: The Gothic Bible (gothic-nt), 2023 release, Pragmatic Resources in Old Indo-European Languages, University of Oslo
14. ^ De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be, p. Mk 4:39
15. ^ Regan, Brian T. (1974), Dictionary of the Biblical Gothic Language, Phoenix: Wulfila House, p. 135