𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽

Forms

𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (alan), a strong verb of the sixth class.^[1][2][3] The only recorded form is the present participle 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (alands), nominative singular masculine.^[4][5]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *alaną (“to grow”),^[6][4] from the root Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”).^[4][5] Its Germanic cognates are Old Norse ala "to beget, bring forth" and Old English alan "to nourish".^[5][7][8] Outside Germanic it is related to Latin alō (“to nourish”) and Old Irish alim (“to nourish”).^[7][5] Feist and Uhlenbeck add Ancient Greek ἄναλτος (ánaltos, “insatiable”).^[8][9]

Attestation

The Wulfila project counts two tokens, both at 1 Timothy 4:6, one in manuscript A and one in B; Köbler counts it as one record.^[10][4] The participle renders Ancient Greek ἐντρέφω (entréphō), in the form ἐντρεφόμενος "nourished".^[11][4] The verse reads þata insakands broþrum goþs wairþis andbahts Xristaus Iesuis alands waurdam galaubeinais, "setting this before the brothers you will be a good servant of Christ Jesus, nourished on the words of faith".^[12]

Meanings

1. to grow; in the participle, to be nourished on something.^[1][13][6]

Related words

• 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (aljan)
• 𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 (alþeis, “old”)
• 𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (alds, “age”)

Usage notes

The verb is a hapax of the corpus, known from a single verse.^[10][4]

References

1. ^ a b Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910), Die gotische Bibel, II: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. alan
2. ^ Braune, Wilhelm; Heidermanns, Frank (2004), Gotische Grammatik, mit Lesestücken und Wörterverzeichnis, 20th ed., Sammlung kurzer Grammatiken germanischer Dialekte A 1, Tübingen: Niemeyer, p. 269
3. ^ Wright, Joseph (1910), Grammar of the Gothic Language, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. s.v. alan
4. ^ a b c d e f Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Gotisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. alan*
5. ^ a b c d Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the third edition of Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache by Sigmund Feist, Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. *alan
6. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽
7. ^ a b Orel, Vladimir (2003), A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 12
8. ^ a b Feist, Sigmund (1939), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 3rd ed., Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. alan
9. ^ Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1900), Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 2nd ed., Amsterdam: Müller, p. 9
10. ^ a b De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be
11. ^ Haug, Dag T. T. et al., PROIEL Treebank: The Gothic Bible (gothic-nt), 2023 release, Pragmatic Resources in Old Indo-European Languages, University of Oslo
12. ^ De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be, p. 1Tim 4:6
13. ^ Lambdin, Thomas O. (2006), An Introduction to the Gothic Language, Eugene, Or.: Wipf and Stock, p. 170