English words first recorded in the 14th century

It is inherited from Middle English toye, of unknown or uncertain origin. Middle Dutch toi (Dutch tooi) “attire, finery” agrees in form but not in sense. Barnhart and Etymonline suggest that the…

It is inherited from Middle English tremblen, earlier tremlen, borrowed from Old French trembler (“to tremble, fear”), from Vulgar Latin *tremulō, recorded in Medieval Latin with the sense "to…

It is inherited from Middle English tumblen, also tomblen, in many dictionaries a frequentative from Middle English tumben (“to fall, leap, dance”), which is from Old English tumbian (“to dance…

The verb is inherited from Middle English upliften, formed from English up- + lift; Etymonline takes the first element as the adverb up. The OED compares Swedish upplyfta and Danish opløfte, from…

It is inherited from Middle English valeu, borrowed from Old French value (“worth, price; standing, reputation”), a noun use of the feminine past participle of valoir (“to be worth”), from Latin…

It is inherited from Middle English vanisshen, also vanissen and vanshen, an aphetic form borrowed from Old French esvanir (“to disappear; to make disappear”), from its extended stem esvaniss-, also…

It is inherited from Middle English visitacioun, borrowed from Anglo-Norman visitacioun and Old French visitacion, and directly borrowed from Latin vīsitātiō (“a visiting”), a noun of action from…

It is inherited from Middle English wageour, also wager, borrowed from Anglo-Norman wageure (“pledge, security”), from Old Northern French wagier (“to pledge”), with the suffix that became -ure. In…

It is a Middle English compound, from Middle English wel- + fare, from the phrase wel faren “to fare well”, from Old English wel faran. It is formed from well and fare, probably after Old Norse…

It is inherited from Middle English clamp, probably borrowed from Middle Dutch clampe (“clamp, cleat”), modern Dutch klamp. The OED, the Shorter Oxford and Hoad leave open whether it came from Dutch…

It is inherited from Middle English coyne, borrowed from Old French coin (“wedge, corner; stamping-die”) (also coing), from Latin cuneus (“wedge”), of unknown origin.

1. The flatfish is inherited from Middle English flundre, borrowed from Anglo-Norman floundre, Old Northern French flondre, apparently from a Scandinavian source, compare Old Norse flyðra, Swedish…

It is inherited from Middle English latis, also lattis, borrowed from Old French lattis, also latiz, from latte (“lath, board”), modern latte, which is of Germanic origin, from Frankish or another…

It is inherited from Middle English anewe, a reduced form of the phrase of newe, inherited from Old English of nīwe (“anew, again”), a phrase combining of (“of, from”) and nīwe (“new”), the source…

1. The point or hook is inherited from Middle English barbe, borrowed from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like appendage”), recorded in Anglo-Norman from 1086 for a man's beard, from Latin barba…

It is inherited from Middle English blok, blokke, borrowed from Old French bloc (“log, block of wood”), from a Germanic source, Middle Dutch blok (“trunk of a tree”), of unknown ultimate origin…

It is inherited from Middle English coral, borrowed from Old French coral (modern corail), from Latin corallium (also corallum), from Ancient Greek κοράλλιον (korállion) (also kourálion), perhaps of…

It is borrowed from Latin cursor (“runner”), an agent noun from currō (“to run”), past participle cursus, from Proto-Indo-European *kers- (“to run”). Middle English had it as cursor, also cursur and…

It is inherited from Middle English divinite, also devinite, borrowed from Old French devinité, also divinité, recorded in Old French from the 12th century, in the sense "theology". The Anglo-Norman…

It is inherited from Middle English randoun (“impetuosity, speed, force”), randun, borrowed from Old French randon (“rush, disorder, force, impetuosity”), from randir “to run fast, gallop”, from…

It is a compound, from Middle English sum (“some”) + oon (“one”), Middle English sum oon; see some and one.

It is inherited from Middle English apprentis, also aprentis, borrowed from Anglo-Norman aprentiz, from Old French aprentis, the nominative of aprentif, from aprendre (“to learn; to teach”), from…

It is inherited from Middle English napron, also naperon, borrowed from Old French naperon (“small tablecloth”), modern napperon, a diminutive of nape or nappe (“cloth, tablecloth”), from Latin…

It is inherited from Middle English conquerour, borrowed from Anglo-Norman conquerour and Old French conquereor, the oblique case of conquerere, an agent noun from conquerre (“to conquer, defeat…

1. The verb meaning to peer is inherited from Middle English prien, of unknown origin. The OED takes it as probably the reflex of an unattested Old English verb, apparently related to Old English…

It is inherited from Middle English consonant, also consonaunt, borrowed from Old French consonant and directly borrowed from Latin cōnsonāns (“sounding together, agreeing”), the present participle…

It is inherited from Middle English vouel, also vowelle, borrowed from Old French vouel, also voiel and voieul, from Latin vōcālis (“sounding, vocal”). Most dictionaries take the Latin word as short…

1. It is inherited from Middle English countour, borrowed from Anglo-Norman countour, Old French contouer, comptoir “counting room, merchant's table”, from Medieval Latin computātōrium (“place of…

It is inherited from Middle English diamaunt, borrowed from Old French diamant, from Medieval Latin diamās, genitive diamantis, an alteration, influenced by the many Greek words beginning with dia-…

It is borrowed from Old French rubi (12th century; modern rubis), probably from Medieval Latin rubīnus (lapis), red stone, from Latin rubeus, red, related to ruber, red (see red). Klein suggests the…

It is formed from English smoke + -y, and appears first as inherited from Middle English smoki, also smokei. The noun continues late Old English smoca (“smoke”), which is related to smeocan (“to…

It is inherited from Middle English creste, borrowed from Old French creste (“tuft, comb, summit”), modern crête, from Latin crista (“tuft, plume; cock's comb”). The Anglo-Norman noun is recorded…

It is inherited from Middle English fagot, also fagald and faggald, borrowed from Anglo-Norman faget, in Anglo-Norman and Old French also fagot (“bundle of sticks”), recorded in French from the 12th…

The noun is inherited from Middle English brace, borrowed from Anglo-Norman brace and Old French brace (“the two arms; the length of the extended arms”), partly also from the singular bras (“arm”)…

It is inherited from Middle English paven, borrowed from Anglo-Norman paver, also pavier, and Old French paver, from Latin paviō (“to beat, ram down, tread down”). Dictionary.com and Etymonline put…

It is inherited from Middle English ago, short for agon, the past participle of the Middle English verb agon (“to pass away, go by”), inherited from Old English āgān (“to go away, (of time) pass”)…

It is borrowed from Anglo-Norman defendant, Old French defendant, the present participle of defendre, to defend (see defend), used as a noun.

The noun is inherited from Middle English official, borrowed from Old French official (“law officer; bishop's representative”) and directly Late Latin officiālis (“attendant to a magistrate, public…

It is inherited from Middle English peticioun, borrowed from Anglo-Norman peticioun, from Old French peticion, and directly borrowed from Latin petītiō (“a blow, aim; a seeking, request; a legal…

It is inherited from Middle English tele, which the OED takes as inherited from Old English *tǣle, an unrecorded word, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *taili. It is related to Middle Dutch…

It is inherited from Middle English actuel, actual, borrowed from Old French actuel (“now existing, up to date”), and directly borrowed from Late Latin āctuālis (“active, practical”), from Latin…

It is inherited from Middle English allouen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman allouer, Old French aloer, alouer, in which two Old French verbs of similar form had merged. One is from Medieval Latin allocō…

It is inherited from Middle English ascensioun, borrowed from Old French ascension and directly borrowed from Latin ascēnsiō (“ascent, a rising”), a noun of action from the past participle stem of…

Its origin is unknown. The adjective is recorded first, before the noun and the verb, and they may have grown out of it, though the OED thinks it is doubtful whether the adjective or the noun came…

It is inherited from Middle English condicioun, borrowed from Old French condicion (“stipulation; state; behaviour; social status”), from Medieval Latin conditiō, properly Latin condiciō…

It continues two Old French nouns: borrowed from Old French conqueste (“conquest, acquisition”) and conquest (“acquisition”), in Anglo-Norman since the mid 12th century. They are the feminine and…

It is inherited from Middle English corps, a respelling of the earlier cors, borrowed from Old French cors (“body; person; corpse; life”), from Latin corpus (“body”), from Proto-Indo-European…

It is inherited from Middle English devouren, also deworen, borrowed from Old French devorer (“to devour, swallow up”), whose stressed stem was devour-, from Latin dēvorō (“to swallow down, accept…

It is inherited from Middle English equite, borrowed from Old French equité, a learned borrowing of Latin aequitās (“equality, uniformity; fairness, just conduct”) (accusative aequitatem), from…

It is inherited from Middle English forage, borrowed from Old French forage, fourage, forrage, now fourrage, which meant fodder as well as foraging and pillaging. The Anglo-Norman noun is recorded…

It is inherited from Middle English humilite, borrowed from Old French humilite, also umelite, now humilité, from Latin humilitās (“lowness, small stature; insignificance; meekness”), from humilis…

1. It is inherited from Middle English misterie, from Anglo-Norman *misterie, Old French mistere, and directly from Latin mystērium (“secret rite”), from Greek Ancient Greek μυστήριον (mystḗrion…

It is inherited from Middle English original, borrowed from Old French original (“first”), and directly from Latin orīginālis, from orīgō (“beginning, source, birth”), from orior (“to rise”), the…

It is inherited from Middle English solempne, also solemne, borrowed from Old French solempne, solemne, and directly borrowed from Latin sollemnis (“established, appointed, customary, festive”)…

It is inherited from Middle English suget, subget, borrowed from Old French suget, subget (modern French sujet), from Latin subiectus (“lying under, near; subjected, subdued”), the past participle…

1. The verb form is inherited from Middle English tens (“time”), borrowed from Old French tens (“time, period”) (modern French temps), from Latin tempus (“a portion of time”) (see temporal). It is a…

It is inherited from Middle English vinegre, borrowed from Old French vyn egre, also vinaigre, now French vinaigre; the Anglo-Norman form was vinegre, recorded from about 1300. The French word means…

The noun, from which the verb and the adjective were formed, is probably borrowed from Middle Low German damp (“vapour, steam, smoke”), and the American Heritage Dictionary and Merriam-Webster also…

1. The basket is inherited from Middle English hampere, a contracted form, borrowed from Anglo-Norman hanaper (1314), with n-p becoming mp as in ampersand, from Old French hanepier (“case for…

It is inherited from Middle English pencioun, borrowed from Old French pension (“payment, rent”) and directly pēnsio (“payment, instalment, rent”), from pendere (“to weigh, pay”) (see pendant).