Romanian words from Latin
2429 Romanian words with Latin in their history, whether borrowed directly or passed on through other languages (page 31).
putință
It is formed from Romanian putea (“can, be able”) + -ință, like stăruință and adeverință. The verb continues *potēre, the popular analogical form of Latin possum (“to be able”). DEX, Tiktin, Candrea…
putoare
It is inherited from Latin putor (“rottenness, stench”), accusative putōrem. The noun is formed from Latin puteō (“to stink”) + -or. Wiktionary notes that it can also be analysed as Romanian puți…
putred
It is inherited from Latin putridus (“rotten, decaying”), formed on putreō (“to be rotten”). Among the Romance languages only Romanian has kept the Latin adjective. South of the Danube it is…
rădăcină
It is inherited from Late Latin rādīcīna, formed on Latin rādīx (“root”). The Late Latin word is first found in Pelagonius, in the 4th century. The Latin word comes from Proto-Indo-European…
rade
It is inherited from Latin rādō (“to scrape, shave”). The Latin verb goes back to Proto-Italic *razdō, with Celtic cognates such as Welsh rhathu (“to scrape”); since the family is found only in…
râde
It is inherited from Latin rīdeō (“to laugh”). Romanian, like the other Romance languages, continues the spoken form *rīdere of the third conjugation instead of the classical second-conjugation…
radical
It is borrowed from French radical, with German Radikal as a second source, as DEX and DLR give it; Tiktin names French alone. The French word, recorded from about 1465, is from Late Latin rādīcālis…
râie
It is inherited from Latin arānea (“spider; spider's web”), which Latin medical writers also used for a skin disease. The word survives south of the Danube: Aromanian arãnji and Megleno-Romanian…
ram
It is inherited from Latin rāmus (“branch, bough”). The Latin noun probably comes from an older form related to rādīx (“root”). De Vaan points out that a related Greek word could mean either…
râma
It is inherited from Latin rīmō (“to probe, search; to turn up the soil”), the active form of rīmor. The Latin verb is formed on rīma (“crack, fissure”). It survives south of the Danube: Aromanian…
rămâne
It is inherited from Latin remaneō (“to stay behind, remain”), formed from re- and maneō (“to stay”). The older infinitive rămânea continues the second conjugation of the Latin verb; like ține, the…
rămuros
It is formed from Romanian ramură + -os. MDA2 and DLR start from the plural ramuri of ram “branch”. DER lists it among the derivatives of this noun, which is rāmus (“branch”). The REW explains it…
rână
It is probably inherited from Latin rēn (“kidney”), through a form *rēna made on the plural rēnēs (“kidneys, loins”). The sense passed from the kidneys to the region of the loins and then to the…
rânced
It is inherited from Latin rancidus (“stinking, rotten”), formed on ranceō (“to be rotten”). Its Romance cognates include Sicilian ráncitu, Sardinian rankidu, French rance, Spanish rancio and…
râncheza
DEX 2009, MDA2, DLR and the REW give it as inherited from Vulgar Latin *rhonchizō (“to snore”); Wiktionary compares Old Italian roncheggiare and derives the Latin verb from rhonchō (“to snore”)…
rândunea
It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *hirundinella, a diminutive of Latin hirundō (“swallow”). The same diminutive gave Italian rondinella, and French hirondelle is formed alike. Candrea and Densusianu…
râpă
It is inherited from Latin rīpa (“bank”). The Latin noun meant “river bank”; de Vaan and Wiktionary trace it to Proto-Indo-European *h₁réyp-eh₂ (“steep slope”), from *h₁reyp- (“to tear, tear down”)…
răpi
It is inherited from Latin rapiō (“to seize, carry off”), in the fourth-conjugation form *rapīre that replaced the Classical infinitive ⟨rapere⟩. It survives south of the Danube: Aromanian arachiu…
rapid
It is borrowed from French rapide, together with borrowed from Latin rapidus (“tearing along, swift”), the double source the dictionaries give. Tiktin takes it from Latin by way of the modern…
răposa
It is inherited from Late Latin repausō (“to rest”). Wiktionary derives it through the older form răpăusa. The Latin verb is formed from re- and pausō (“to halt, cease, rest”), from pausa (“pause”)…
răpune
It is inherited from Latin repōnō (“to put back, lay down”). Candrea and Densusianu explain the senses from “to put back, lay down”: “to throw down”, then “to make fall”, “to defeat” and “to kill”…
rar
It is inherited from Latin rārus (“loose, sparse, rare”). Its Romance cognates include Italian rado and raro, French rare, Occitan rar, Spanish raro and Portuguese raro. It survives as Aromanian…
rărunchi
It is inherited from Late Latin rēnunculus (“little kidney”), a diminutive of rēn (“kidney”). DER and Tiktin reconstruct the form as *renunculus, following Pușcariu and the REW. Wiktionary gives…
râs
1. The word for laughter is inherited from Latin rīsus (“laughter”). The Latin noun was formed on rīdeō (“to laugh”). The Romanian verb from that root is râde. It survives in Aromanian arãs. The…
răsări
It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *resaliō, from Latin re- (“again, back”) and saliō (“to jump”). Ciorănescu cites Pușcariu, the REW and Densusianu for this etymology. Pascu equates the form with…
rășină
It is inherited from Latin resīna (“resin”). Latin had adapted the word from Ancient Greek ῥητίνη (rhētínē, “pine resin”). The REW also records a Latin variant rasina. It survives south of the…
răspunde
It is inherited from Late Latin respondō (“to answer”), a remaking in the third conjugation of respondeō. The change of conjugation is attested in the Mulomedicina Chironis. The Classical verb was…
răspuns
It is inherited from Latin respōnsum (“answer, reply”), a noun made from the past participle of respondeō (“to answer”). Ciorănescu lists it among the derivatives of răspunde but also takes it from…
răsuna
It is inherited from Latin resonō (“to resound, echo”), according to DEX, MDA2, DLR and Wiktionary. The Latin verb is formed from re- (“back, again”) and sonō (“to sound”), the source of suna. It…
rătăci
DEX takes it inherited from Vulgar Latin *erraticiō (“to wander”), a reshaping of *errāticō, from Latin errāticus (“wandering”). Tiktin, Pușcariu, Candrea and the REW connect it with the Latin…
rău
It is inherited from Latin reus (“defendant, accused”), which came to mean “guilty” and then “bad”. Wiktionary sets the sense “bad” in Late Latin. Pușcariu notes that the step from “guilty” to “bad”…
râu
It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *rius (“river”), the spoken form of Latin rīvus (“brook, small stream”). MDA2, DLR and DEX give the etymon as the classical form. Ciorănescu cites Pușcariu's EWRS…
rază
It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *radia, a plural of Latin radius (“ray of light; spoke”) taken as a feminine singular. DEX and MDA2 give the same etymon. Its cognate south of the Danube is…
readuce
It is formed from Romanian re- + aduce, “to bring again”. DELR lists it in the family of the base verb. That verb is from Latin addūcō (“to lead to, bring”).
real
It is a learned borrowing of the 19th century, and the dictionaries name several sources: borrowed from Late Latin reālis (“real, actual”), as well as French réel, German real and Italian reale…
rebel
It is borrowed from Latin rebellis (“renewing war; rebellious”), also borrowed from German Rebell, also borrowed from French rebelle: these are the sources that MDA2, the DLR, DEX and Tiktin name…
rece
It is inherited from Latin recēns (“fresh, recent”), probably through a reduced form Vulgar Latin *reces. The Latin word is formed from re- and Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”). The meaning…
recent
It is borrowed from French récent, also borrowed from Latin recēns (“fresh, new”), a 19th-century loan for which the dictionaries give both sources. The first edition of the neologism dictionary…
reciproc
It is a neologism of the 1830s, borrowed from Latin reciprocus (“moving back and forth, alternating”), borrowed from French réciproque, also borrowed from German reziprok. DEX and NODEX name French…
recomanda
It is borrowed from French recommander, also borrowed from New Latin recommendō. DEX 2009, the neologism dictionaries and DILF give only the French verb. Tiktin calls the Latin word New Latin and…
reduce
It is borrowed from Latin redūcō (“to lead back”), with French réduire as a second model. Ciorănescu derives it from the French verb fitted to the conjugation of duce, and Tiktin also compares…
referi
It is borrowed from French référer and German referieren. Ciorănescu names only the French verb. The French word is a learned loan of the 14th century, from Latin referō (“to bring back, report”)…
regat
It is formed from Romanian rege (“king”) + -at. The older variant rigat was formed in the same way on rigă, the older word for “king”. The DLR and Scriban compare Modern Greek ρηγάτον (rigáton…
rege
It is a semi-learned loan of the 19th century, borrowed from Latin rēgem (“king”), the accusative form. Gabinschi also counts rege, the old Italian form, among its sources. It is a doublet of the…
regină
It is borrowed from Latin rēgīna (“queen”), a learned borrowing. The Latin noun is formed on rēx (“king”) with the suffix -īna. The word was inherited in Romance: Italian regina, French reine…
regulă
It is borrowed from Latin rēgula (“straight stick, ruler; rule”), a learned borrowing, with Italian regola as a further model and some senses after French règle. MDA2 names Latin and French, and DN…
relație
It is borrowed from Latin relātiō, with French relation and German Relation as further models. The Wiktionary gives French alone, and Tiktin a learned Latin word also taken through other languages…
religie
It is borrowed from French religion, borrowed from Latin religiō (“reverence, religious scruple”), also borrowed from German Religion: DEX, DLR, MDA2 and MDN name all three. Wiktionary takes it from…
religios
It is borrowed from Latin religiōsus, borrowed from French religieux, borrowed from German religiös, as MDA2 and the Academy dictionary give it; DEX names borrowed from Italian religioso instead of…
relua
It is formed from Romanian re- + lua, on the model of French reprendre. DN gives only the French model, and MDN only the Romanian formation. The verb lua “to take” is from Latin levō (“to lift”). It…
repara
It is borrowed from French réparer, as MDA2, Tiktin and the DLR give it. DEX 2009, Marcu and Wiktionary name the Latin model as well, so that it is also borrowed from Latin reparō (“to restore…
repaus
It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *repausum (“rest”), a noun made on the Late Latin verb repausō (“to halt awhile, rest”). The verb is formed from re- and pausō (“to halt, cease”), from pausa…
repede
It is inherited from Latin rapidus (“swift, tearing along”) and the adverb rapidē. The Latin adjective is formed from rapiō (“to snatch”). Istro-Romanian has răpede; Pușcariu records other words for…
reprezenta
It is borrowed from French représenter and a learned borrowed from Latin repraesentō (“to bring before one, show, represent”), the double source DEX, MDA2, MDN, DILF and the DLR give. Tiktin puts…
republică
It is borrowed from Latin rēs pūblica (“public matter, the state”), which Tiktin says reached Romanian along several routes. DEX and DILF give Italian republica and French république as its modern…
reputație
It is borrowed from French réputation and at the same time borrowed from Latin reputātiō, as DEX, MDA2 and the neologism dictionaries give it. Wiktionary names only the French word, itself from the…
respecta
It is borrowed from French respecter. Tiktin instead derives it from the noun respect. The French verb is from Latin respectō.
respectiv
It is borrowed from French respectif, and equally borrowed from Medieval Latin respectīvus: DEX, Wiktionary and the DILF give French alone, while the DLR, MDA2, Scriban and NODEX give Latin and…
respirație
It is borrowed from French respiration, also directly borrowed from Latin respīrātiō, the two sources DEX, MDA2 and DN give. Tiktin names Italian respirazione and French. The Lexicon of Buda (1825)…
responsabil
It is borrowed from French responsable (“answerable, liable”), a 19th-century neologism. Scriban also names Italian responsabile beside the French word. The French word is a learned formation from…