Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word putință

Confidence
Disputed
Formation
Derivation
First attested
c. 1573–1578 Psaltirea Scheiană (Ps 15:4) More words from the 16th century
Ultimate origin
Latin possum
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Romanian putea
Romanian putință
From the same root
Romanian putere ← putea

Forms

putință f (plural putințe)[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian putea (“can, be able”) + -ință, like stăruință and adeverință.[2][3][4] The verb continues *potēre, the popular analogical form of Latin possum (“to be able”).[3]

DEX, Tiktin, Candrea and Scriban take the noun instead inherited from Latin potentia (“power, might”).[5][3][6][1] Ciorănescu thinks the suffixed formation more probable, and Gabinschi gives both explanations.[3][7] In either case the learned potență is its doublet.[1][7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to the Psaltirea Scheiană (c. 1573–1578), Psalm 15:4.[8] Gaster's chrestomathy glosses it “possibility, power”, with cu putință “possible”.[9]

Semantic evolution

In the old language the word meant both “power, means” and “possibility”: a manuscript of 1675 says that it was not possible for the priests to keep themselves without work, „Nefiindu putință”.[8] The Bible of 1688 has „La oameni aceasta peste putință iaste” “with men this is impossible” (Matthew 19:26).[8] Today the sense “possibility, ability” dominates, mainly in set phrases, and “power” is obsolete.[5] Regionally the word also meant “wealth, social standing”, and cu putință could mean “well-off”.[2]

Timeline

  • c. 1573–1578 – the Psaltirea Scheiană (Ps 15:4), the first record.[8]
  • 1649 – Mardarie's lexicon uses putințe to gloss Slavonic words for “possible” and “impossible”.[10]
  • 1675 – nefiind putință “it not being possible” in a manuscript.[8]
  • 1688 – peste putință “impossible” in the Bucharest Bible (Matthew 19:26).[8][11]
  • 1801 – Klein's dictionary glosses it with Latin potentia and possibilitas.[12]
  • 1825 – the Lexicon de la Buda gives “power” and “possibility”.[13]

Meanings

Noun

  1. possibility, ability to do something: peste putință “impossible”, cu putință “possible”, după putință “as far as one's means allow”.[5][2][1]
  2. (obsolete) power, strength;[5][1] (physics, obsolete) power.[5][1]
  3. (regional) Material means, social standing.[2]

Word family

  • neputință
  • putincios

Usage notes

Set phrases include a face tot ce-i stă în putință “to do everything in one's power” and cel mai… cu putință “as … as possible”.[5] MDA2 records an old variant potință and a rare plural putinți beside putințe.[2] The negative is neputință.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 610
  3. ^ a b c d Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. putea
  4. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. putință
  5. ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 902
  6. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1080
  7. ^ a b Gabinschi, Marcu (2001), Dicționar de dublete etimologice ale limbii române, 2nd ed., Chișinău: Litera, p. 149
  8. ^ a b c d e f g Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. putínță
  9. ^ Gaster, M. (1891), Chrestomatie română: texte tipărite și manuscrise (sec. XVI–XIX), dialectale și populare, cu o introducere, gramatică și un glosar româno-francez, vol. II, Leipzig: Brockhaus / București: Socec, p. s.v. putinţă
  10. ^ Ungureanu, Mădălina; Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Moruz, Alexandru (eds.), eRomLex: The First Romanian Bilingual Dictionaries (17th century), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. s.v. putințe
  11. ^ Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Mt 19:26
  12. ^ Gáldi, László (ed.) (1944), Samuel Klein: Dictionarium valachico-latinum. Primul dicționar al limbii române, Budapest: Királyi Magyar Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetemi Román Intézet (Klein's dictionary of 1801, with Gáldi's etymological study), p. 428
  13. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 566

Related etymologies

  • apă · also from Latin
  • bun · also from Latin
  • unde · also from Latin
  • veni · also from Latin
  • noi · also from Latin
  • bine · also from Latin
  • un · also from Latin
  • și · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Putință.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/putin%C8%9B%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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