Etymology and origin of the Romanian word sănătate
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- First attested
- 1563 Coresi's Praxiu More words from the 16th century
- Inherited from
- Latin sanitas
- Ultimate origin
- Latin sānus
Etymology tree
From the same root
Pronunciation
- [sənəˈtate][1]
Forms
sănătate f (uncountable)[1]
Etymology
It is inherited from Latin sānitās (“health”), continued in its accusative sānitātem.[2][3][4][1][5] The Latin noun is formed on sānus (“healthy, sound”) with the suffix -tās.[6][1]
The word survives south of the Danube: Aromanian sãnãtati and Megleno-Romanian sănitati.[2][7] Its Romance cognates include Dalmatian santut, Italian sanità, Occitan santat, French santé, Spanish sanidad and Portuguese sanidade.[5][2] Albanian shëndet is a borrowing from Latin.[1] Ciorănescu compares it with the Romanian word, and he links the use of the word for “that's all, nothing more” with the similar use of pace.[2]
Earliest recorded meaning
Tiktin dates the first record to 1563, in Coresi's Praxiu.[8] MDA2 gives Coresi's Carte de învățătură of 1581, where a body in need is to be freed and given health: „să-i dăruim sănătate” “that we may give it health”.[4][9]
Semantic evolution
From the start the word meant the good state of the body, and soon also a person's general condition, as in letters asking after someone's health: „Întâi cercetăm ca să știm de a dumitale bună sănătate” (1674).[9][4] A collective sense, the health of a population, gave sănătate publică “public health”, and casă de sănătate was a sanatorium;[10][3] Costinescu had both in 1870, with the toast în sănătatea voastră after French à votre santé.[10][3]
The toast and the parting greeting turned the noun into a formula.[3][8] Tiktin records sănătate bună! said on leaving, which also became a colloquial word for something finished or lost: a mill where whoever goes at night is done for, „sănătate bună!”.[8] Scriban and Șăineanu describe the same “that's that, enough” use, and DEX and MDA2 add “I don't care”.[11][12][3][4] Wiktionary also gives the interjection as the reply to a sneeze, “bless you”.[1]
Timeline
- 1563 – first record, in Coresi's Praxiu.[8]
- 1581 – in Coresi's Carte de învățătură.[4][9]
- 1657 – „nice la o sănătate nu mă aduce” “it brings me to no health at all” in a letter.[9]
- 1688 – in the Bucharest Bible, at Genesis 42:15.[13]
- 1825 – the Lexicon de la Buda glosses it with Latin sanitas and bona valetudo.[14]
- 1870 – casă de sănătate “sanatorium” and the toast în sănătatea voastră in Costinescu.[10]
Meanings
Noun
- health: the good state of an organism whose organs all work normally.[3][4][1]
- The general state of an organism, good or bad: are o sănătate șubredă “his health is frail”.[4][11]
- sănătate publică: the sanitary state of a whole population;[3][4] casă de sănătate: a sanatorium.[3][4]
- (figurative) Strength, robustness.[3]
Interjection
- în sănătatea (cuiva): a toast, said when drinking to someone.[3][4]
- sănătate (bună)!: a farewell wish on parting.[3][8]
- (colloquial) That's it, it's over;[3][4] I don't care: Nu vrei să vii? Sănătate![3][4]
- bless you, said to someone who sneezes.[1]
Related words
Usage notes
The plural sănătăți is rare.[4][2] Tiktin quotes the saying boala lui ca sănătatea mea, “his illness is like my health”, said of someone who is not as ill as he claims.[8]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. sănătate
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 980
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 772
- ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 7580
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 895
- ^ a b c d e f Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. sănătate
- ^ a b c d Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. sănătate
- ^ a b c Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 463
- ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1, 1160
- ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 563
- ^ Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Gen 42:15
- ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 607
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Sănătate.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/s%C4%83n%C4%83tate. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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