lindar

Forms

lindar (first-person singular present lindo, first-person singular preterite lindei, past participle lindado)^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin līmitō (“to enclose within boundaries”), the popular counterpart of the learned limitar.^{[2][3][1][4][5]} The same verb is Spanish lindar.^[6][7] The Latin verb is formed from līmes (“boundary”).^[8][1]

Older writers took another view: Bluteau (1716) derived the verb from the noun linda “boundary”, which he traced to līnea (“line”), and Silva Bastos (1912) also derives it from the noun.^[9][10] Houaiss instead makes the noun a back-formation from the verb.^[11] The Spanish dictionary of the Academy gives two explanations for the Spanish verb, a derivation of Spanish linde and the Latin verb.^[12]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss's first date, 1716, is Bluteau's dictionary, where the verb is listed with an account of its origin.^[2][9] Cunha's 1813 is the second edition of Morais.^[2][3][9] Morais already enters it in 1789 with the sense “to mark out and divide the boundaries of”.^[13]

Semantic evolution

Morais (1789) knows only the transitive sense of marking boundaries.^[13] Vieira (1873) adds the intransitive “to border on, to touch the limits of another property”.^[14] Both senses are current, the second built with com; in Rio Grande do Sul the verb also means to be the frontier between places.^[2][15]

Timeline

• 1716 – Bluteau lists lindar and derives it from linda.^[9]
• 1789 – Morais defines it as marking and dividing boundaries.^[13]
• 1873 – Vieira adds the sense “to border on”.^[14]

Meanings

Verb

1. (transitive) To mark the limits (limites) of; to set boundary stones on; to demarcate.^[2][16][1]
2. (intransitive, with com) To border on, to adjoin: a quinta linda com o rio.^[2][17][1]

Word family

• linda
• deslindar
• lindante

Related words

• limitar
• limite
• linde
• Latin līmitō
• Spanish lindar

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. lindar
3. ^ a b Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. lindar
4. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. lindar
5. ^ Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. lindar
6. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
7. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1955), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, vol. 1: Nomes comuns, Rio de Janeiro (1st ed. 1932, preface by W. Meyer-Lübke), p. 299
8. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
9. ^ a b c d Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. lindar
10. ^ Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. lindar
11. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. linda
12. ^ Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es
13. ^ a b c Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 2, 5
14. ^ a b Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 3, 1318
15. ^ Schlee, Aldyr Garcia (2019), Dicionário da Cultura Pampeana Sul-Rio-Grandense, 2 vols., Pelotas: Fructos do Paiz, p. s.v. lindar
16. ^ Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. lindar
17. ^ Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. lindar