Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word impossível

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1400s More words from the 15th century
Borrowed from
Latin impossibilis
Ultimate origin
Latin possibilis
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Proto-Indo-European *pótis
Ancient Greek πόσις (pósios)
Latin potis
Latin possum
Latin possibilis
English possible
French possible
Romanian posibil
Italian possibile
Portuguese possível
Spanish posible
Latin impossibilis
French impossible
Romanian imposibil
Italian impossibile
Portuguese impossível
Spanish imposible
The word's journey
From the same root
Latin compos ← potis
Latin impos ← potis
Latin possideō ← potis
Latin possīdō ← potis
Latin potestās ← potis
Latin potior ← potis
Latin potēns ← possum
Latin possibilitās ← possibilis
English impossible ← impossibilis
Latin impossibilitās ← impossibilis

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /ĩ.poˈsi.vew/, [ĩ.poˈsi.veʊ̯][1]
  • Portugal: /ĩ.puˈsi.vɛl/, [ĩ.puˈsi.vɛɫ][1]
  • Northern, Portugal: /ĩ.puˈsi.bɛl/, [ĩ.puˈsi.βɛɫ][1]

Forms

impossível m or f (plural impossíveis)[1] 15th-century texts write imposiuel, emposivell and jmposiuel, and a letter of 1542 ymposyvel.[2][3][4]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin impossibilis (“impossible”), formed in Latin from in- (“not”) and possibilis (“possible”).[2][3][5][6] Nascentes calls it a semi-learned word.[7] The Latin adjective is post-Augustan: the OLD's earliest example is from Quintilian.[8][5]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss and Cunha date the first records, spelt imposiuel and jmposiuel, to the 15th century, in the sense “that cannot be or happen”.[2][3]

Semantic evolution

Morais's dictionary of 1789 defines the word as what cannot be done physically, morally or humanly, and records its use as a noun, as in fazer o impossível “to do the impossible”.[9] Figueiredo's of 1899 adds “very difficult”, “incredible”, “extravagant” and “unbearable”.[10]

In Brazil the word is said of an unruly, mischievous child, and in the River Plate border region also of an adult who is hard to deal with.[11][12][13] The DLP records its use as an exclamation of disbelief or annoyance, and the mathematical sense of an equation without a solution.[6]

Timeline

  • 15th century – first records, spelt imposiuel, emposivell and jmposiuel.[2][3]
  • 1542 – ymposyvel in a private letter.[4]
  • 1789 – Morais records fazer o impossível.[9]
  • 1899 – Figueiredo lists the senses “incredible”, “extravagant” and “unbearable”.[10]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. impossible, that cannot be, exist or happen.[2][6][1]
  2. Very hard to do or to achieve.[2][11]
  3. At odds with reality or reason; extravagant, absurd.[2][11]
  4. unbearable; of a person, hard to put up with: anda impossível desde que foi promovido.[2][6][1]
  5. (Brazil) Of a child, unruly, mischievous.[11][12]
  6. (mathematics) Of an equation or a problem, having no solution.[6][14]

Noun

  1. What is not possible; the greatest possible effort, as in fazer o impossível.[2][14][9]

Interjection

  1. An exclamation of disbelief, surprise or annoyance.[6]

Word family

  • impossivelmente

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. impossível
  3. ^ a b c d Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. impossível
  4. ^ a b CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. impossível
  5. ^ a b Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. impossibilis
  6. ^ a b c d e f Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. impossível
  7. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. impossível
  8. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. s.v. impossibilis
  9. ^ a b c Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 700
  10. ^ a b Figueiredo, Cândido de (1899), Novo diccionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Tavares Cardoso & Irmão, p. s.v. impossível
  11. ^ a b c d Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. impossível
  12. ^ a b Schlee, Aldyr Garcia (2019), Dicionário da Cultura Pampeana Sul-Rio-Grandense, 2 vols., Pelotas: Fructos do Paiz, p. s.v. impossível
  13. ^ Instituto da Lingua Galega, Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (TLPGP), Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/tesouro, p. s.v. impossível
  14. ^ a b Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 5125

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Impossível.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/imposs%C3%ADvel. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

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