denuo

Forms

dēnuō (not comparable)^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin dē (“from”) + novus (“new”), from the phrase ⟨*dē novōd⟩, which does not itself occur.^[2][1][3] De Vaan traces novus to Proto-Italic *nowo- and Proto-Indo-European *neuo- (“new, young”), comparing Sanskrit नव (náva-, “new, young”) and Ancient Greek νέος (néos, “new, young”).^[2] Wiktionary compares French de nouveau (“again”).^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^[2][4] in whose Amphitruo someone fears his face will be remodelled anew.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It means from a fresh beginning, anew, and a second time, again: in the Rudens a man says that if he was not understood he will say it again.^[5] It is also used of restoring things as they were, “I will put on my cloak again”, and of a new stage in a process, “then again”.^[5] Lewis & Short find it most often in Plautus and Terence, rarely elsewhere, and not in Caesar or the Augustan poets.^[3] Döderlein distinguishes it, “anew”, from iterum “a second time”, rursus “again” and ⟨dē integrō⟩ “quite afresh”.^[6] Church Latin glosses it again, a second time, anew.^[7]

Timeline

• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, anew and again.^[5][2][4]
• 190–159 BC – Terence.^[3][4]

Meanings

Adverb

1. From a fresh beginning, anew, afresh.^[5][3][1][7]
2. A second time, once more, again.^[5][1][7]
3. Again, back as things were; in turn, then again.^[5][1]

Related words

• novus

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
3. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b c d e f g Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
6. ^ Döderlein, Ludwig (1874), Döderlein’s Hand-book of Latin Synonymes, tr. H. H. Arnold, Andover: W. F. Draper
7. ^ a b c Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson