appono

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [apˈpoː.noː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [apˈpɔː.no]^[1]

Forms

appōnō (present infinitive appōnere, perfect active apposuī or apposīvī, supine appositum or appostum); third conjugation^[1] It is also spelled adpōnō, and Plautus has the perfect apposīvī.^[2]

Etymology

It is from ad- and pōnō “to put”.^[2][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of serving food.^[2] Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^[3]

Semantic evolution

It meant to serve food or drink, to set down, and to add, as in Plautus, and in Cicero to set alongside, to bring to bear, and to appoint someone, as a guard.^[2] In Columella it meant to put on, apply medicine, in Terence to reckon, attribute, and in Quintilian to apply as a description.^[2]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to put to, add to, do unto, set, place.^[4] It survives in Italian apporre, French apposer and Spanish aponer, and English appose comes from French apposer or was formed in English.^[1][5]

Timeline

• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of serving food.^[2][3]
• 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of reckoning.^[2][3]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of setting alongside.^[2][3]

Meanings

Verb

1. To set near.^[2]
2. To serve (food).^[2]
3. To set down; to apply.^[2]
4. To add.^[2]
5. To assign, appoint.^[2]
6. To reckon, attribute.^[2]

Word family

• appositiō
• appositum
• appositus
• perappositus
• appositē

Related words

• pōnō
• English appose

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
4. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
5. ^ Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com