English words first recorded in the 14th century

It is inherited from Middle English ordnaunce, a shortened variant of ordinaunce, borrowed from Old French ordenance, from Medieval Latin ōrdinantia, from ōrdināns, the present participle of ōrdinō…

It is inherited from Middle English papal, borrowed from Middle French papal and directly borrowed from Medieval Latin pāpālis (“belonging to the pope”), formed from Late Latin pāpa (“pope”) with…

It is inherited from Middle English parochiel, also parochial, borrowed from Anglo-Norman parochiel and Old French parochial, and partly directly borrowed from Late Latin parochiālis (“of a…

It was first inherited from Middle English periferie, borrowed from Medieval Latin periferia. The 16th-century word is borrowed from Middle French peripherie (recorded from 1544) and its source…

It is inherited from Middle English perjurie, also parjurie, borrowed from Anglo-Norman parjurie, also perjurie, and directly borrowed from Latin periūrium (“a false oath, oath-breaking”)…

It is inherited from Middle English plaintif, also pleintif, borrowed from Anglo-Norman pleintif, and Middle French plaintif, feminine plaintive, from Old French plainte (“lament, complaint”) and…

1. The word for a fold or layer comes from French. The verb is inherited from Middle English plien (“to bend, fold”), borrowed from Anglo-Norman plier, also pleier and ploier, and Middle French…

It is inherited from Middle English proclamen, also proclaimen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman proclamer and Middle French proclamer, and directly borrowed from Latin prōclāmō (“to cry out, call out”)…

It is inherited from Middle English pursuaunt, also poursuiant, apparently borrowed from Anglo-Norman pursuant, the present participle of pursuer (“to pursue”), used as a noun and as an adjective…

It is inherited from Middle English resemblaunce, also resemblaunse and resemlance, borrowed from Anglo-Norman resemblaunce, also resemblance, from the verb resembler (“to be like”) and the suffix…

1. The pirate is borrowed from Middle Dutch rōver (“robber, plunderer”) or its cognate rōver, especially in zeerovere (“pirate, literally sea robber”), formed on rōven (“to rob”), from roof (“spoil…

It is borrowed from Anglo-Norman specefier, beside Middle French specifier (“to mention or name explicitly”), recorded in French from 1290 (and about 1260 in the form especifier), and partly a…

It is inherited from Middle English substitucion, borrowed from Middle French substitution, also substitucion, and directly borrowed from Latin substitūtiō (“a putting in place of another”), which…

It is borrowed from Middle French superiorite and its source Medieval Latin superioritās (“overlordship; quality of being superior”), from Latin superior (“higher”) and the suffix -tās. Etymonline…

It is inherited from Middle English supplicacioun, borrowed from Anglo-Norman supplicacioun, also Anglo-Norman and Middle French supplication, and directly borrowed from Latin supplicātiō, from…

It is formed from English un- + kempt, literally "uncombed". The earlier form is Middle English unkembed, also unkemd and unkempt. Kempt was a past participle of kemben (“to comb”), from Old English…

It is formed from English workman + -ship. In Middle English it was werkmanschipe, the form Gower uses once. The OED notes that some early forms apparently come from the plural of the noun with the…

It is borrowed from Latin zōna (“girdle, belt; geographical belt, celestial zone”), or French zone, from Ancient Greek ζώνη (zṓnē, “belt, girdle”), from ζώννυμι (zṓnnumi, “to gird”), from…

It is inherited from Middle English crouchen, also cruchen and croushen, of uncertain origin. Many dictionaries take it as probably or perhaps borrowed from Old French crochir (“to become bent…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin memorandum, used in British sources from the 13th century to introduce a note, short for memorandum est (“it is to be remembered”). It is the neuter singular of…

It is inherited from Middle English musk, also muske, borrowed from Old French musc and directly borrowed from Late Latin muscus. The OED gives the French form as Middle French, recorded in Old…

It is inherited from Middle English paiable, formed from English pay + -able, after Anglo-Norman paiable (“due to be paid”) and paiable, though Etymonline and Merriam-Webster allow a direct…

It is inherited from Middle English publik, borrowed from Old French public and directly borrowed from Latin pūblicus (“of the people; of the state”), an alteration, influenced by pūbēs (“the adult…

It is inherited from Middle English scorer, from scoren (“to score”) and the agent suffix -er. The verb score comes from Old Norse skora (“to make an incision, count by tallies”), from skor (“notch…

It is inherited from Middle English altercacioun, borrowed from Old French altercacion and directly borrowed from Latin altercātiō (“a dispute, wrangle, debate”), the Anglo-Norman forms being…

It is inherited from Middle English annullen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman anuller, also annuller and adnuller, from Late Latin annullō (“to reduce to nothing”). Barnhart and Etymonline allow that the…

It is inherited from Middle English cheveroun, also cheveron, borrowed from Old French chevron (“rafter; chevron”), recorded in Anglo-Norman from the second quarter of the 12th century for a beam or…

It is inherited from Middle English determinacioun, borrowed from Old French determinacion (“determination, settlement, definition”) and directly Medieval Latin determinatio (“a settlement”), from…

It is inherited from Middle English figuratif, borrowed from Middle French figuratif (“symbolic, metaphorical”), and directly borrowed from Late Latin figūrātīvus (“symbolical, allegorical”), formed…

It is inherited from Middle English incarnat, borrowed from Late Latin incarnātus (“made flesh”), a past participle common among Christian writers from the 4th century, of incarnō (“to make flesh”)…

It is inherited from Middle English meloun, also melon, borrowed from Old French melon (recorded about 1256) and directly borrowed from Medieval Latin melō, which is probably a shortening of Latin…

It is probably borrowed from Middle Dutch maesche (also masche; modern Dutch maas), from Proto-Germanic *maskwǭ. The OED allows that it may instead continue an unrecorded Old English noun of the…

It is inherited from Middle English papirus, borrowed from Latin papȳrus (“the papyrus reed; writing material made from it”), from Ancient Greek πάπυρος (pápūros, “the papyrus reed”), a Hellenistic…

It is inherited from Middle English patronage, borrowed from Old French patronage, Middle French in the OED and Merriam-Webster, and directly borrowed from Medieval Latin patronagium. The French…

It is inherited from Middle English plumage, borrowed from Middle French plumage (“feathers of a bird collectively”), also plomage, recorded in Old French from 1284, from plume (“feather”) and the…

It is inherited from Middle English proporcional, also proporcionel, partly borrowed from Middle French proporcionel (“that is in proportion”), recorded in 1370–2 (now proportionnel), and partly…

It is inherited from Middle English rehersaille, apparently at first borrowed from Anglo-Norman rehercel (“reading, account”), also spelled rehersaille, recorded in Anglo-Norman from 1377 or…

It is inherited from Middle English superlatif, also superlative, borrowed from Anglo-Norman superlatif and Middle French superlatif, and directly borrowed from Late Latin superlātīvus…

It is inherited from Middle English teser, formed from English tease + -er. The verb tease is from Old English tǣsan (“to pluck, pull apart, comb (wool or flax)”), from Proto-Germanic *taisijaną…

It is inherited from Middle English terminacioun, borrowed from Old French terminacion and its source Latin terminātiō (“a marking of boundaries; a bounding, determining”), a noun of action from…

The verb is inherited from Middle English trampen (“to walk heavily, stamp”), probably borrowed from Middle Low German trampen (“to stamp”), a Low German or Dutch origin that the Shorter Oxford also…

It is formed from English under- + ground. The adverb came first, as inherited from Middle English undergrounde, also spelled vnder grounde, from the preposition under and the noun ground. The…

It is borrowed from Old French vocal and directly borrowed from Latin vocalis (“sounding, speaking; as a noun, a vowel”), from vox (“voice”) (genitive vocis) (see voice), from PIE…

It is usually taken as borrowed from Latin crātis (“wickerwork, hurdle”), which makes it a relative of grate, griddle and grill. Barnhart traces the Latin word to Proto-Indo-European *kr̥tís, and…

It is inherited from Middle English douteful, formed from Middle English doute + -ful. The noun doubt is from Old French doute, also dute and dote, from douter, from Latin dubitō (“to waver in…

It is inherited from Middle English sedule, cedule, borrowed from Old French cedule (modern French cédule), from Late Latin schedula (“strip of paper”), a diminutive of scheda (“one of the strips…

It is inherited from Middle English verbe, borrowed from Old French verbe (“word; verb”), and directly borrowed from Latin verbum (“word, verb”). The French word meant "spoken word, speech" from the…

It is inherited from Middle English ablete, later abilite, borrowed from Old French ableté (“ability (to inherit)”), from Latin habilitās (“aptitude”), from habilis (“easy to manage, handy, apt”)…

It is borrowed from Latin abstractus (“drawn away”), the past participle of abstrahere (“to drag away, detach, divert”), from abs (“away”) and trahere (“to draw”) (see tract). MWU gives Medieval…

It is borrowed from Middle French accent, Old French acent, and directly borrowed from Latin accentus (“song added to speech; tone, intensity”), from ad (“to”) and cantus (“a singing”), from canere…

It is inherited from Middle English actualite, borrowed from Medieval Latin āctuālitās (“capacity for action; state of being real”), from Late Latin āctuālis (“pertaining to action; active…

It is borrowed from Latin acūtus (“sharp-pointed”), the past participle of acuō, to sharpen, related to acus, needle, from a root meaning “sharp” (see acid and edge). The acute accent translates…

It is inherited from Middle English agrement, borrowed from Old French agrement, agreement, a noun of action from agreer “to please, make agreeable”, the source of agree, with the suffix -ment. Old…

It is formed from English air + -y. The Middle English adjective is airī, also spelled eiri, aiery and aery. The OED compares aery and airly, and the similar adjectives Middle Dutch luchtich, now…

It is inherited from Middle English ele, also ile, borrowed from Anglo-Norman ele (“wing of a church”), a specific use of the Anglo-Norman word for a wing, recorded from the early 12th century, from…

It is inherited from Middle English alteracioun, borrowed from Anglo-Norman alteracion and alteration, and directly borrowed from Medieval Latin alterātiō (“change”), from alterō (“to change”), a…

1. The mineral salt is inherited from Middle English alum, also alom and alim, borrowed from Anglo-Norman alum, also alume, and Old French alum, alun, now alun, from Latin alūmen (“alum”). The…

It is inherited from Middle English anatomie, borrowed from Old French anatomie and directly Late Latin anatomia, from Ancient Greek ἀνατομή (anatomḗ, “dissection”), literally “a cutting up”, from…

It is borrowed from Latin angulāris (“placed at the corners; having angles or corners”), perhaps influenced by Old French angulaire. The Latin adjective is formed from angulus (“angle, corner”) and…

The adjective is inherited from Middle English animat, borrowed from Latin animātus (“animated, spirited, living, alive”), the past participle of animō (“to give breath to, quicken, enliven”), from…