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Etymology and origin of the Aromanian word ti

ti1 for

Confidence
Disputed
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1894 Weigand's glossary
Inherited from
Latin inter
Ultimate origin
Latin inter
Etymology tree of ti1
inherited borrowed derived
Latin inter
Aromanian ti
Aromanian trã
French entre
From the same root · ti1
Latin deinter ← inter
Latin inter- ← inter
Latin interdiu ← inter
Latin interdum ← inter
Latin intermedius ← inter

Forms

ti (preposition)[1]

  • Before a word beginning with a it becomes te, as in te-aţeă “for that”.[2]
  • Other spellings and variants: TI in Papahagi's dictionary, which also heads TĂ with the same sense and refers both to tră;[3][4] ti in Dalametra's dictionary, referred there to tri;[5] in Weigand's texts ti stands beside tri and tro.[6]

Etymology

The preposition ti “for” is a reduced form of trã: Cunia refers ti to trã,[1] and Papahagi's dictionary refers it to tã and to the same preposition.[3]

The fuller trã is inherited from Latin inter (“between, among”) according to Pascu,[7] and Ciorănescu derives the Aromanian preposition from the same Latin word, together with Romanian între, Megleno-Romanian antri and Istro-Romanian ăntre.[8] Papahagi's dictionary instead derives trã from intrā (“within”),[9] and Wiktionary from trāns (“across”).[10] In the west the Latin preposition gave French entre, Spanish entre and Portuguese entre.[11]

Earliest recorded meaning

The oldest dictionary record is Weigand's glossary of 1894, which gives ti as “for, to”, as in ti paradz “for money” and ti a beare “to drink”.[6]

Semantic evolution

Papahagi's dictionary gives the senses “for”, “to” and “towards”.[3] P. Papahagi's glossary to his tales adds “up to”, of time, in pînă ti Sum K'etru “until Saint Peter's day”, and ti leamne “for firewood”.[2] Vrabie's English–Aromanian dictionary also uses it for “because of”.[12]

Timeline

  • 1894 – ti “for, to” in Weigand's glossary.[6]
  • 1905 – Ti “for, to” in P. Papahagi's glossary to his tales, with te before a.[2]
  • 1906 – ti as a form of tri in Dalametra's dictionary.[5]

Meanings

Preposition

  1. for; for the purpose of.[3][6][2]
  2. To, towards; at (a time); up to.[3][2]
  3. Out of, because of.[12]

ti2 you

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1813 Boiagi's grammar, as cited by Pascu
Inherited from
Latin te
Ultimate origin
Latin tū

Forms

ti (unstressed accusative of the pronoun tini)[1][13]

  • Cunia gives it as the short form of tini, also written -ti and ti- when joined to another word.[13]
  • Other spellings: te in Boiagi's grammar and other older sources, ti in Dalametra and Mihăileanu, as Pascu lists them.[14]

Etymology

The pronoun ti “you” is inherited from Latin tē (“you”), the accusative of tū (“you”): Pascu files the accusative forms under the Latin pronoun and derives them from tē, beside the stressed tini from *tēne.[14] Papahagi's dictionary treats the unstressed accusative under the stressed pronoun and derives that from the same Latin form.[15] De Vaan traces the Latin accusative to Proto-Italic *tē, from Proto-Indo-European *tue.[16]

Istro-Romanian has the same accusative, te.[17]

Earliest recorded meaning

The oldest record Pascu cites is the form te in Boiagi's grammar of 1813.[14]

Semantic evolution

It is the direct object form of the second person singular: Dalametra glosses it with the Romanian accusative te, as in va ti bat “I will beat you”,[5] and Mihăileanu records ti pălăcărsii “I begged you”.[18]

Timeline

  • 1813 – te in Boiagi's grammar, as cited by Pascu.[14]
  • 1901 – ti in Mihăileanu's dictionary.[18]
  • 1906 – ti “you” in Dalametra's dictionary.[5]

Meanings

Pronoun

  1. you (second person singular, unstressed accusative).[13][14][5]

Usage notes

Papahagi's dictionary heads the unstressed dative tsi “to you” separately and derives it from Latin tibi;[19] Pascu also derives the dative forms from tibi.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b c Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 1009
  2. ^ a b c d e Papahagi, Pericle (1905), Basme aromâne și glosar, București: Academia Română, p. 712
  3. ^ a b c d e Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 1177
  4. ^ Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 1168
  5. ^ a b c d e Dalametra, I. (1906), Dicționar macedo-român, București: Academia Română, p. 203
  6. ^ a b c d Weigand, Gustav (1894), Die Aromunen: ethnographisch-philologisch-historische Untersuchungen, vol. II: Volksliteratur der Aromunen (with a glossary), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, p. 332
  7. ^ Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 171
  8. ^ Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001)
  9. ^ Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 1189
  10. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  11. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
  12. ^ a b Vrabie, Emil (2000), An English-Aromanian (Macedo-Romanian) Dictionary, University, Mississippi: Romance Monographs, p. 500
  13. ^ a b c Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 1015
  14. ^ a b c d e f Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 173
  15. ^ Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 1181
  16. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  17. ^ Kovačec, August (1998), Istrorumunjsko-hrvatski rječnik (s gramatikom i tekstovima), Pula
  18. ^ a b Mihăileanu, Ștefan (1901), Dicționar macedo-român, București, p. 501
  19. ^ Papahagi, Tache (1963), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1074

Related etymologies

  • featã · also from Latin
  • cu · also from Latin
  • cã · also from Latin
  • tu · also from Latin
  • shi · also from Latin
  • di · also from Latin
  • am · also from Latin
  • yin · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Ti.” Etymologically, 26 Oct. 2026, etymologically.com/rup/ti. Accessed 26 Oct. 2026.

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