datã

Forms

datã^[1]

• No plural.^[2][3]
• Other spellings: DÁTĂ in Papahagi's dictionary;^[3] dăta, only in phrases, in Dalametra's dictionary;^[4] Data in the glossary of Papahagi's tales;^[5] ντάτα in Nikolaidis's Greek script, which he transcribes data.^[6]

Etymology

It is formed from Aromanian dat (“given”), the past participle of dau (“to give”), in the feminine, used as a noun: Cunia files it under the verb,^[2] and Papahagi sends the sense "custom" to the neuter noun of the participle, dat "custom; duty".^[3] Ciorănescu derives Romanian dată (“time, occasion”) the same way, from the participle dat; he notes that Tiktin took it directly from Latin data.^[7]

The verb continues dō (“to give”), whose participle is datus.^[8][9] De Vaan traces it to Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to give”), with a reduplicated present.^[9][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The glossary of Pericle Papahagi's tales (1905) has data soarlui "sunrise" and data loclui "the custom of the land".^[5]

Semantic evolution

Cunia glosses the sunrise sense as the "showing" or "giving" of the sun, and extends it to the moon and the morning star.^[2] Dalametra knows the word only in phrases for daybreak and sunrise,^[4] and Bara also gives "East".^[10] The sense "custom" is in Papahagi's tales and dictionary (cum eáste dáta a lócluī "as the custom of the land is").^[5][3] The sense "time, occasion", as in ’nă dátă "once", Papahagi knows from a single record, beside the usual únčeoáră;^[3] Cunia gives it as a synonym of oarã.^[2]

Timeline

• 1905 – Data “sunrise; custom” in the glossary of Papahagi's tales.^[5]
• 1906 – dăta in phrases for daybreak and sunrise in Dalametra's dictionary.^[4]
• 1909 – ντάτα “sunrise” in Nikolaidis's dictionary.^[6]

Meanings

Noun

1. A time, an occasion.^[2][3]
2. A custom.^[3][5]
3. The rising of the sun, the moon or the morning star.^[2][3][6]
4. The east.^[10]

Related words

• Romanian dată

Usage notes

Cunia's datã "great fright" (Papahagi's DATĂ², in ti loá dáta "fear seized you") is a separate word: Papahagi derives it from Albanian datë "sudden fright, terror", and Pascu lists it among the words of obscure origin, comparing Albanian and Italian dotta.^[2][11][12] Cunia's datã as the feminine of the participle dat is the same participle, not a noun.^[2] Mihăileanu's dáta and DIARO's datâ are a calendar date.^[13][14]

References

1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 374
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Papahagi, Tache (1963), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 376
4. ^ a b c Dalametra, I. (1906), Dicționar macedo-român, București: Academia Română, p. 75
5. ^ a b c d e Papahagi, Pericle (1905), Basme aromâne și glosar, București: Academia Română, p. 577
6. ^ a b c Νικολαΐδης, Κωνσταντίνος (1909), Ετυμολογικόν λεξικόν της κουτσοβλαχικής γλώσσης, Αθήνα, p. 361
7. ^ Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001)
8. ^ Νικολαΐδης, Κωνσταντίνος (1909), Ετυμολογικόν λεξικόν της κουτσοβλαχικής γλώσσης, Αθήνα, p. 360
9. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
10. ^ a b Bara, Mariana (2024), Dictsiunarlu ti cathi dzuuã, online at dixionline.net
11. ^ Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 460
12. ^ Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 2, 241
13. ^ Mihăileanu, Ștefan (1901), Dicționar macedo-român, București, p. 140
14. ^ Caragiu Marioțeanu, Matilda et al. (1997), Dicționar aromân (macedo-vlah) DIARO, A–D, București, p. 349