vinos

Forms

vinos m or n (feminine singular vinoasă, masculine plural vinoși, feminine/neuter plural vinoase)^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian vin + -os, from vin “wine” with the adjective suffix.^[2][3][4][5] It matches Latin vīnōsus (“full of wine, fond of wine”), under which the REW lists it with Italian vinoso, French vineux, Catalan vinós, Spanish vinoso and Portuguese vinhoso, and Wiktionary leaves open whether the two correspond.^[6][1] The sense “wine-coloured” follows the French adjective.^[5][7] The authors of the Lexicon de la Buda (1825) took the word from the Italian one, a view of their time.^[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to 1703.^[5] Klein's dictionary of 1801 glosses it with vīnōsus.^[9]

Semantic evolution

The Lexicon de la Buda gives two senses in 1825: of a place, producing much wine, and of a man, having drunk much wine.^[8] The first, said of grapes, vines and land, became the main sense, and Anton Pann speaks of the „vinosul strugur”, the juicy grape.^[3][10] The drunken sense lives on in Transylvania, where a man may come home cam vinos, rather tipsy.^[3][5]

Old dictionaries also used it for strong wine and for a smell or taste like that of wine; the sense “wine-red” came with French vineux.^[3][7] As a feminine noun, vinoasă (also poamă vinoasă) is a white grape variety with dense, very juicy berries.^[2]

Timeline

• 1703 – the first record, according to Tiktin.^[5]
• 1801 – vinos in Klein's dictionary, glossed with Latin vinosus.^[9]
• 1825 – the senses “rich in wine” and “drunk on wine” in the Lexicon de la Buda.^[8]
• 1870 – of vines and years, “yielding much wine”, in Costinescu's dictionary.^[10]

Meanings

Adjective

1. (popular, of grapes) juicy, yielding much wine.^[4][2][1]
2. (dated, of land or regions) Producing much wine.^[4][3]
3. (regional, Transylvania) tipsy with wine; given to drink.^[3][2]
4. (dated, regional) Smelling or tasting of wine.^[4][3]
5. (rare) Wine-coloured, wine-red.^[7][1]

Noun

1. (feminine vinoasă) A white grape variety with round, dense, very juicy berries.^[2][3]

Related words

• vin
• vinaț

Usage notes

In the Moldovan usage Stati records, vinos is also the local form of vânos “sinewy”, a different word.^[11]

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1484
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. vinos
4. ^ a b c d Dima, Eugenia (coord.) (2007), Dicționar explicativ ilustrat al limbii române, Chișinău: Arc / Gunivas, p. s.v. vinos
5. ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. vinós
6. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
7. ^ a b c Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 931
8. ^ a b c Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 756
9. ^ a b Gáldi, László (ed.) (1944), Samuel Klein: Dictionarium valachico-latinum. Primul dicționar al limbii române, Budapest: Királyi Magyar Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetemi Román Intézet (Klein's dictionary of 1801, with Gáldi's etymological study), p. 476
10. ^ a b Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 699
11. ^ Stati, Vasile (2003), Dicționar moldovenesc-românesc, Chișinău, p. 336