Etymology and origin of the Romanian word oră
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1848 Negulici's dictionary of neologisms More words from the 19th century
- Borrowed from
- Latin hora
- Ultimate origin
- Ancient Greek ὥρα
Etymology tree
From the same root
Forms
oră f (plural ore)[1] The older form oară, the same as the inherited word for “time, occasion”, was still used in the 19th century: „Mă pomeneam că mă uitam oare întregi în oglindă” “I would find myself looking in the mirror for whole hours” (Eminescu).[2][3]
Etymology
It is a learned borrowing borrowed from Latin hōra (“hour”), with Italian ora as a model: DEX and MDN give the Latin and the Italian, and DLR and MDA2 add French heure.[4][5][2][3] The Latin word is from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “season, time of day, hour”), which goes back to Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, season”).[1]
The same Latin word survives in Romanian as the inherited oară “time, occasion”, which also meant “hour” in the old language, and the present word is its learned doublet.[6][1][7]
Earliest recorded meaning
MDA2 and DLR give as the first record an undated text that counts „doaozeci și patru de ore” “twenty-four hours” in a day.[3][2] The word is in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms of 1848, glossed with ceas, and in Costinescu's dictionary of 1870.[8][9]
Semantic evolution
The dictionaries define it by the older ceas, its synonym.[4][3] Besides the unit of time it names the hour shown on a clock, the distance covered in an hour (la trei ore de București) and, more loosely, a time or a moment.[4][3] Set phrases are cu ora “paid by the hour”, din oră în oră “every hour”, oră de oră “all the time” and de ultimă oră “brand new, latest”.[4][3]
From the school timetable it came to mean a lesson or class, and a lua ore means to take private lessons.[4][10] Costinescu in 1870 already gives cu ora “by the hour” and bună oară “the right moment”.[9]
Timeline
- 1848 – oră in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms, glossed ceas.[8]
- 1865 – Pisone glosses it with ceas and Latin hora.[11]
- 1870 – Costinescu records cu ora “by the hour” and ora din urmă “the last hour of life”.[9]
- 1886 – din oră în oră “from hour to hour” in Barcianu.[12]
Meanings
Noun
- An hour: a unit of time, the twenty-fourth part of a day, sixty minutes;[10] pe oră “per hour”, din oră în oră “every hour”.[4][3]
- The time of day shown by a clock: Ce oră e?;[10] de ultimă oră “latest, brand new”.[4][3]
- The distance that can be covered in an hour: satul e la două ore de mers.[4]
- An indefinite stretch of time, a period; a moment: la ora actuală “at present”.[4]
- A time fixed in advance for something; an appointment.[4][3]
- A lesson, a class;[10] a lua ore “to take private lessons”.[4][10]
Related words
Usage notes
The plural is ore; the inherited doublet oară has the plural ori and is used for “times” (de trei ori “three times”).[4][6]
References
- ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. oră
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 219
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 747
- ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. oră
- ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. oară
- ^ Gabinschi, Marcu (2001), Dicționar de dublete etimologice ale limbii române, 2nd ed., Chișinău: Litera, p. 134
- ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. oră
- ^ a b c Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 211
- ^ a b c d e Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. oră
- ^ Pisone, Domițian (1865), Dictionariu românescu, latinescu, germanescu și francescu, lucrat după sistemul Lexiconului de Buda, București: Typografia Ioann Weiss, p. 267
- ^ Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 444
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Oră.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/or%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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