Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word oră

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1848 Negulici's dictionary of neologisms More words from the 19th century
Borrowed from
Latin hora
Ultimate origin
Ancient Greek ὥρα
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra)
Latin hōra
Aromanian oarã
French heure
Italian ora
Romanian oară
Spanish hora
Dutch uur
Hungarian óra
Romanian oră
The word's journey
From the same root
Ancient Greek ὡρόσκοπος (horoskopos) ← ὥρα
English horoscope ← ὥρα
Latin hōrārium ← hōra
Latin horārius ← hōra
Latin sēmihōra ← hōra
Romanian uneori ← hōra
Italian finora ← ora
Italian ormai ← ora
Romanian aorea ← oară
Romanian deoarece ← oară

Forms

oră f (plural ore)[1] The older form oară, the same as the inherited word for “time, occasion”, was still used in the 19th century: „Mă pomeneam că mă uitam oare întregi în oglindă” “I would find myself looking in the mirror for whole hours” (Eminescu).[2][3]

Etymology

It is a learned borrowing borrowed from Latin hōra (“hour”), with Italian ora as a model: DEX and MDN give the Latin and the Italian, and DLR and MDA2 add French heure.[4][5][2][3] The Latin word is from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “season, time of day, hour”), which goes back to Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, season”).[1]

The same Latin word survives in Romanian as the inherited oară “time, occasion”, which also meant “hour” in the old language, and the present word is its learned doublet.[6][1][7]

Earliest recorded meaning

MDA2 and DLR give as the first record an undated text that counts „doaozeci și patru de ore” “twenty-four hours” in a day.[3][2] The word is in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms of 1848, glossed with ceas, and in Costinescu's dictionary of 1870.[8][9]

Semantic evolution

The dictionaries define it by the older ceas, its synonym.[4][3] Besides the unit of time it names the hour shown on a clock, the distance covered in an hour (la trei ore de București) and, more loosely, a time or a moment.[4][3] Set phrases are cu ora “paid by the hour”, din oră în oră “every hour”, oră de oră “all the time” and de ultimă oră “brand new, latest”.[4][3]

From the school timetable it came to mean a lesson or class, and a lua ore means to take private lessons.[4][10] Costinescu in 1870 already gives cu ora “by the hour” and bună oară “the right moment”.[9]

Timeline

  • 1848 – oră in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms, glossed ceas.[8]
  • 1865 – Pisone glosses it with ceas and Latin hora.[11]
  • 1870 – Costinescu records cu ora “by the hour” and ora din urmă “the last hour of life”.[9]
  • 1886 – din oră în oră “from hour to hour” in Barcianu.[12]

Meanings

Noun

  1. An hour: a unit of time, the twenty-fourth part of a day, sixty minutes;[10] pe oră “per hour”, din oră în oră “every hour”.[4][3]
  2. The time of day shown by a clock: Ce oră e?;[10] de ultimă oră “latest, brand new”.[4][3]
  3. The distance that can be covered in an hour: satul e la două ore de mers.[4]
  4. An indefinite stretch of time, a period; a moment: la ora actuală “at present”.[4]
  5. A time fixed in advance for something; an appointment.[4][3]
  6. A lesson, a class;[10] a lua ore “to take private lessons”.[4][10]

Usage notes

The plural is ore; the inherited doublet oară has the plural ori and is used for “times” (de trei ori “three times”).[4][6]

References

  1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. oră
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 219
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 747
  5. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. oră
  6. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. oară
  7. ^ Gabinschi, Marcu (2001), Dicționar de dublete etimologice ale limbii române, 2nd ed., Chișinău: Litera, p. 134
  8. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. oră
  9. ^ a b c Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 211
  10. ^ a b c d e Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. oră
  11. ^ Pisone, Domițian (1865), Dictionariu românescu, latinescu, germanescu și francescu, lucrat după sistemul Lexiconului de Buda, București: Typografia Ioann Weiss, p. 267
  12. ^ Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 444

Related etymologies

  • apă · also from Latin
  • bun · also from Latin
  • unde · also from Latin
  • veni · also from Latin
  • noi · also from Latin
  • bine · also from Latin
  • un · also from Latin
  • și · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Oră.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/or%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·