Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word omor

Confidence
Established
Formation
Back-formation
First attested
c. 1563–1583 Codicele Voronețean More words from the 16th century
Ultimate origin
Proto-Slavic *umoriti
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Romanian omorî
Romanian omor

Pronunciation

Forms

omor n (plural omoruri)[1] Old texts also have umor, as in Dosoftei's Lives of the Saints.[2][3] Besides the usual plural omoruri, regional and old texts have omoare.[3]

Etymology

It is a back-formation from Romanian omorî (“to kill”), a noun made from the verb without a suffix.[4][2][5][3][1][6] The verb is from Old Church Slavonic оуморити (umoriti, “to kill”), from Proto-Slavic *umoriti.[7][1][6]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in the Codicele Voronețean of the 16th century, in the Epistle of James (3:8), where the tongue is full of veninul omorului “deadly poison”, literally “the poison of death”.[2][5] The translation of 1648 has veninul morției and the Bible of 1688 otravă omorâtoare in the same place.[5] MDA2 dates the word only from Varlaam's Cazania of 1643.[3]

Semantic evolution

In the old language the noun meant death in general and especially mass death from an epidemic: a chronicle tells of mare omor de ciumă “a great dying of plague”.[2][8] MDA2 still lists the old senses “epidemic” and “mortality”, and “death” as rare.[3] The modern sense is the killing of a person, and in law the offence of killing: Tiktin notes that the penal code distinguished omor “deliberate killing” from asasinat “premeditated murder” and ucidere “unintentional killing”.[2][4] It also means a massacre, a face mare omor “to make a great slaughter”.[4][9]

Timeline

  • c. 1563-1583 – omorului in the Codicele Voronețean (James 3:8), the first record.[2][5]
  • 1643 – in Varlaam's Cazania.[3]
  • 1825 – the Lexicon de la Buda glosses the verb omorî with Latin neco, occido and German töten, morden.[10]
  • 1886 – Barcianu glosses the noun Mord, Totschlag.[11]

Meanings

Noun

  1. The killing of a person, taking someone's life; murder, assassination.[4][3][1]
  2. (law) The offence of killing a person.[4][12]
  3. A massacre, killing on a large scale; măcel.[4][3]
  4. (rare) Death;[3] (obsolete) an epidemic, mortality.[3][2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. omor
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 210
  4. ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 742
  5. ^ a b c d Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. omor
  6. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. omorî
  7. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 211
  8. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 901
  9. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 266
  10. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 466
  11. ^ Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 442
  12. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. omor
Cite this entry

“Omor.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/omor. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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