Etymology and origin of the Romanian word mintal
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1870 Costinescu's dictionary More words from the 19th century
- Borrowed from
- French mental
- Ultimate origin
- Latin mens
Etymology tree
Pronunciation
- /minˈtal/[1]
Forms
mintal m or n (feminine singular mintală, masculine plural mintali, feminine/neuter plural mintale)[1]
Etymology
It is borrowed from French mental, with Late Latin mentālis as a second source, reshaped after minte (“mind”).[2][3][4] MDA2 and the DLR give French alone.[5][6] Wiktionary describes it as from Romanian minte + -al on the model of the French and Latin words.[1] The Latin adjective is formed on mēns (“mind”) with the suffix -ālis.[7][1] French borrowed it in 1374.[7] The form closer to the source, mental, is a variant.[8][5]
Earliest recorded meaning
Costinescu's dictionary of 1870 has mintallŭ, “done in the mind, in thought”, with the phrases rugăciune mintală “silent prayer”, restricție mintală “mental reservation” and alienație mintală “madness”.[9] MDA2's first record is from Caragiale's works in the 1930 edition.[5]
Semantic evolution
The adjective names what belongs to the mind or its powers and what takes place in the mind.[2][6] Several fixed phrases are medical: alienație mintală “insanity”, as French aliénation mentale from 1801, and debil mintal, a person whose mental development is delayed or stopped.[6][7][5] Calcul mintal is arithmetic done in the head.[10][11] Wiktionary also lists it as an adverb, “mentally”.[1]
Timeline
- 1870 – mintallŭ with alienație mintală in Costinescu's dictionary.[9]
- 1930 – in the edition of Caragiale's works, MDA2's first record.[5]
- 1939 – Scriban refers mintal to the variant mental.[12]
Meanings
Adjective
- mental: belonging to or concerning the mind and the intellect.[2][5][1]
- Taking place in the mind: calcul mintal “mental arithmetic”.[2][10]
- alienație mintală: insanity.[2][5]
- debil mintal: a person with delayed or arrested mental development.[2][5]
Adverb
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 657
- ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. mintal
- ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. mintal
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 18
- ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. mintal
- ^ a b c Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert, p. s.v. mental
- ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan” (1998), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române, 2nd ed., București: Univers Enciclopedic, p. 636
- ^ a b Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 100
- ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 84
- ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. mintal
- ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 811
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Mintal.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/mintal. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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